The demographic transition model explains population changes through four distinct stages, showing how effects of industrialization on birth and death rates transform societies from pre-industrial to post-industrial states. This comprehensive framework demonstrates how global population growth and fertility rates trends evolve alongside economic development.
- Pre-industrial societies experience high birth and death rates due to limited healthcare and resources
- Industrialization triggers declining death rates while birth rates remain high
- Development leads to falling birth rates and population stabilization
- Post-industrial societies often face population decline with extremely low fertility rates
- Economic development, education, and healthcare access are key drivers of demographic change
