Biology past paper

Alternative transcript:

apparatus in Figure 1 to measure the rate of photosynthesis. Question 1 continues on the next page [2 marks] Turn over ► IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box Rate of photosynthesis in arbitrary units Figure 2 shows the student's results. Figure 2 04 40 30 20 10 0 0 200 4 400 600 800 Light intensity in lumens 0 14 What was the maximum rate of photosynthesis? Maximum rate = 1000 1200 [1 mark] arbitrary units IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 0 1 01 05 5 At which light intensity was light a limiting factor? Tick (✓) one box. 200 lumens 600 lumens 5 1200 lumens 6 Light intensity can affect the rate of photosynthesis. Give one other factor that can affect the rate of photosynthesis. [1 mark] [1 mark] Turn over ► IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 8 02 02 06 A single-celled organism has a large surface area to volume ratio. 1 How does oxygen enter a single-celled organism? Tick (✓) one box. Active transport 6 Diffusion Osmosis [1 mark] IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 02 07 Figure 3 shows two cubes. The surface area to volume ratio for cube A is 6:1 Cube A Surface area of one face of cube B 7 Total surface area of cube B Volume of cube B 2 Calculate the surface area to volume ratio of cube B. Figure 3 Cube B Surface area of one face = Total surface area = Volume = Surface area to volume ratio = 2 : [4 marks] Turn over ► IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 8 Multicellular organisms have exchange surfaces to absorb substances. Figure 4 shows part of the exchange surface in the lungs. Blood vessel 08 Figure 4 02 3 Oxygen passes from the alveolus into the blood. Name the part of the blood that carries the most oxygen. 02 4 Name the gas that passes out of the blood into the alveolus. Alveolus [1 mark] [1 mark] IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 02 09 5 Alveoli provide a large surface area for gas exchange. Give two other ways the lungs are adapted for efficient gas exchange. 1 9 2 Turn over for the next question [2 marks] Turn over ► IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 9 03 This question is about organisation in living organisms. 03 1 Write the biological structures from the box in the correct size order. 10 03 2 Name one animal organ. Flower 03 3 Which is a plant tissue? Tick (✓) one box. Leaf cell Smallest Largest Root Phloem 10 nucleus organ [3 marks] tissue [1 mark] [1 mark] IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 03 1 1 11 Figure 5 shows part of a root viewed using a microscope. Figure 5 This image cannot be reproduced here due to third-party copyright restrictions 4 Explain how a root hair cell is specialised for its function. Question 3 continues on the next page [2 marks] Turn over ► IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 03 Figure 6 shows a microscope. 12 12 Figure 6 Eyepiece lens High power objective lens 03 5 It is easier to view the cells using the low power objective lens first. Give one reason why. Low power objective lens Prepared slide Stage [1 mark] 6 To focus the image the objective lens should be moved away from the stage. Give one reason why the objective lens should not be moved towards the stage. [1 mark] IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 0 3 03 13 7 8 13 The image of the prepared slide in Figure 6 is viewed with the x10 objective lens. The total magnification is x50 What was the power of the eyepiece lens used? Power of eyepiece lens = x Root hair cells do not contain chloroplasts. Suggest one reason why. Turn over for the next question [1 mark] [1 mark] Turn over ► IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 11 0 4 0 4 14 1 Water is lost from the leaves of a plant through stomata. What is the process by which water is lost from the leaves of a plant? Tick (✓) one box. Osmosis Photosynthesis Transpiration 14 Figure 7 shows stomata on the lower surface of a leaf. Figure 7 Stomata -Cell X [1 mark] IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 04 04 15 2 3 What is the name of cell X? Tick (✓) one box. Epidermal cell Guard cell Palisade cell Xylem cell 15 The length of cell X is 25 mm when viewed at a magnification of ×800 Calculate the real length of cell X. Give your answer in micrometres (μm). 1 mm = 1000 μm Use the equation: real length of cell = size of image magnification Real length of cell X = Question 4 continues on the next page [1 mark] [3 marks] μm Turn over ► IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 04 16 A student measured the mass of water lost from some similar plants. The plants were at different temperatures. Figure 8 shows the apparatus used. This is the method used. Initial mass of the plant 16 Length of time the plant was left Mass of water lost Figure 8 Temperature of the room 510.7 g 1. Seal a plastic bag around the pot of a potted plant. 2. Place the potted plant with the bag on a balance in a room at 20 °C 3. Record the mass. 4. After 3 hours record the mass again. 5. Calculate the mass of water lost from the plant. 6. Repeat steps 1-5 at 25 °C and at 30 °C with other similar plants. Potted plant 4 What was the independent variable in this investigation? Tick (✓) one box. Plastic bag Balance [1 mark] IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 0 4 17 17 5 Suggest why the student sealed a plastic bag around the pot. Question 4 continues on the next page [1 mark] Turn over ► IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 0 4 6 Table 1 shows the student's results. 18 Temperature in °C 20 25 Tick one box. 0.1 g 1 30 2 Mass at the start in g 510.7 510.4 04 7 Calculate value X in Table 1. 18 X 1.0 g What is the resolution of the balance used in this investigation? Table 1 Mass after 3 hours in g 508.6 507.1 100 g 506.3 X = 04 8 Give one conclusion that can be made from the results in Table 1. Mass of water lost in 3 hours in g 500 g 2.1 04 9 Give two factors that might affect the rate of water loss from the leaves. Do not refer to temperature in your answer. 3.3 4.9 [1 mark] [1 mark] g [1 mark] [2 marks] IB/M/Jun19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 12 19 19 Turn over for the next question DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED Turn over ► IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 0 5 20 Malaria is a disease transmitted by mosquitos. Figure 9 shows information about the number of deaths from malaria. Figure 9 Number of deaths from malaria in thousands 900 800 700 600 500 400 20 300 2000 2005 Year 2010 X 0 5 1 Calculate the decrease in the number of deaths between 2000 and 2015. Decrease in number of deaths = 2015 [2 marks] IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 05 05 05 21 2 Which time period shows the greatest decrease in the number of deaths? Tick (✓) one box. 2000 to 2005 2005 to 2010 2010 to 2015 3 A student looked at Figure 9 and concluded that there were 800 000 deaths from malaria in 2002. Suggest one reason why this conclusion might not be correct. 4 What type of pathogen causes malaria? Tick (✓) one box. Bacterium 21 Fungus Protist Virus [1 mark] [1 mark] [1 mark] Turn over ► IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 0 5 0 5 22 22 5 Scientists are developing a vaccine against malaria. Suggest how a vaccine against malaria could reduce the spread of the disease. [2 marks] 6 Give one way of controlling the spread of malaria. Do not refer to a vaccine in your answer. [1 mark] IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 8 23 23 Turn over for the next question DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED Turn over ► IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 06 Figure 10 shows a human heart. 24 Tick (✓) one box. A Left atrium Left ventricle A- Right atrium Right ventricle 24 06 1 Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart to the lungs? [1 mark] B Right atrium Figure 10 B Right ventricle C C 0 6 2 The natural resting heart rate is controlled by a group of cells that act as a pacemaker. Where in the heart are 'pacemaker cells' found? Tick (✓) one box. Left atrium Left ventricle D [1 mark] IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 06 25 3 Some people may be treated with a drug to slow their heart rate. Digitalis is a drug that slows the heart rate. Where does the drug digitalis originate from? Tick (✓) one box. Bacteria Foxgloves Mould 25 Willow Question 6 continues on the next page [1 mark] Turn over ► IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 06 26 Beta blockers are another type of drug that slows the heart rate. Table 2 shows information for people who do not take beta blockers and for people who do take beta blockers. • Stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped out of the heart each time it beats. • Cardiac output is the total volume of blood pumped out of the heart each minute. Heart rate in beats per minute Stroke volume in cm³ Cardiac output in cm³ per minute At rest 26 No beta blockers taken 68 80 5440 Table 2 4 Calculate stroke volume X in Table 2. Use the equation: During exercise 150 Give your answer to 2 significant figures. 120 18 000 Taking beta blockers During exercise Stroke volume X = At rest 52 X cardiac output = stroke volume x heart rate 2800 88 98 8624 [3 marks] cm³ IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 0 6 27 5 27 Some people who take beta blockers get out of breath when they exercise. Explain why beta blockers can have this effect during exercise. You should refer to information given in Table 2. Turn over for the next question [6 marks] Turn over ► IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 12 28 28 There are no questions printed on this page DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 07 This question is about digestion. 07 1 Name the enzyme that digests starch in the human digestive system. 07. 2 29 Water bath at 37 °C A student set up a model to represent the digestion and absorption of food molecules in the digestive system. Figure 11 shows the student's model. Figure 11 This is the method used. 29 Test tube Partially permeable tubing Water Water in the test tube Partially permeable tubing [1 mark] Starch and enzyme solution 1. Fill a test tube with water at 37 °C 2. Test the water for starch and for sugar. 3. Mix together starch and enzyme solution and immediately test it for starch and for sugar. 4. Fill some partially permeable tubing with the starch and enzyme mixture. 5. Seal the tubing and place it in the test tube of water. Place the test tube in a water bath at 37 °C 6. 7. After 30 minutes, test the mixture inside the partially permeable tubing and test the water in the test tube for starch and for sugar. Suggest which parts of the body the partially permeable tubing and the water in the test tube represent. [2 marks] Turn over ► IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box Test 1 2 30 3 4 Table 3 shows the results. Description of liquid Starch 30 Mixture inside tubing at start Mixture inside tubing after 30 minutes Key ✓ = Present x = Not present Sugar Table 3 Water in the test tube at start Water in the test tube after 30 minutes 07 5 Explain the results for test 3. 07 4 Why was there no sugar present in test 1? Result of starch test 07 3 Name the reagents used to test for starch and for sugar. ✓ X ✓ X Result of sugar test X X ✓ [2 marks] [1 mark] [2 marks] IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 07 31 6 Explain the results for test 4. 31 END OF QUESTIONS [2 marks] IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box 10 32 There are no questions printed on this page 32 DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED Copyright information For confidentiality purposes, from the November 2015 examination series, acknowledgements of third-party copyright material are published in a separate booklet rather than including them on the examination paper or support materials. This booklet is published after each examination series and is available for free download from www.aqa.org.uk after the live examination series. Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright-holders may have been unsuccessful and AQA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgements. If you have any queries please contact the Copyright Team, AQA, Stag Hill House, Guildford, GU2 7XJ. Copyright © 2019 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved. 196 G 8 4 6 4 / B / 1 F IB/M/Jun 19/8464/B/1F Do not write outside the box