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B. Give one reason why the lid of apparatus B should be securely taped in place. What is the maximum temperature that should be used in schools to grow the bacteria in apparatus B? Draw a ring around the correct answer. 25 °C 50 °C www.studymind.co.uk (1) (1) (1) (Total 6 marks) 3 Cell Structure | EASY The diagram below shows a cell. (a) Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete each sentence. chromosomes. (i) In the nucleus of a cell, genes are part of membranes. Different genes control different Nucleus classify clone grow the organisms. receptors. characteristics (iii) Studying the similarities and differences between organisms allows us to gametes nuclei of an organism. www.studymind.co.uk (1) (1) (1) ← Cell Structure | EASY (b) Complete the following sentence. Living things can be grouped into animals, microorganisms and www.studymind.co.uk (1) (Total 4 marks) ← 4 The image below shows some cells in the lining of the stomach. Cell Structure | EASY cell membrane (ii) A (a) (i) Use words from the box to name structures A and B. B Do Nucleus chloroplast What is the function of the nucleus? Tick (✓) one box. To control the activities of the cell B To release energy in respiration cytoplasm To control movement of substances into and out of the cell vacuole (b) Draw one line from each part of the human body to its correct scientific name. www.studymind.co.uk (2) (1) ← Cell Structure | EASY Part of human body Layer of cells lining the stomach Stomach Mouth, stomach, intestines, liver and pancreas Scientific name An organ An organism An organ system www.studymind.co.uk A tissue (3) (Total 6 marks) 5 (a) The diagram shows the structure of a bacterial cell. (b) Cell Structure | EASY (i) tene B On the diagram use words from the box to label structures A, B and C. cell membrane cell wall chloroplast cytoplasm Give one difference between the structure of the bacterial cell and an animal cell. (iii) Name one structure that is found in a plant cell but is not found in a bacterial or an animal cell. Cells can be specialised for a particular job. The diagram shows the structure of a human sperm cell. 000000 Mitochondria plasmid Long tail www.studymind.co.uk (3) (1) (1) ← Cell Structure | EASY Describe how the long tail and the mitochondria help the sperm to do its job. Long tail... Mitochondria....... www.studymind.co.uk (4) (Total 9 marks) 6 Figure 1 shows a human cheek cell viewed under a light microscope. Figure 1 (b) © Ed Reschke/Photolibrary/Getty Images (a) Label the nucleus and cell membrane on Figure 1. (c) Cell Structure | EASY (d) Cheek cells are a type of body cell. Body cells grow through cell division. What is the name of this type of cell division? Tick one box. Differentiation Mitosis Cytoplasm Specialisation Ribosomes and mitochondria are not shown in Figure 1. What type of microscope is needed to see ribosomes and mitochondria? What is the advantage of using the type of microscope you named in part (c)? www.studymind.co.uk (2) (1) (1) (e) (f) Tick one box. Cheaper Cell Structure | EASY Higher magnification Lower resolution The cheek cell in Figure 2 is magnified 250 times. The width of the cell is shown by the line D to E. Figure 2 real size Calculate the width of the cheek cell in micrometres (μm). Complete the following steps. Measure the width of the cell using a ruler D Use the equation to work out the real width of the cell in mm: image size magnification = Convert mm to um E A red blood cell is 8 pin diameter. A bacterial cell is 40 times smaller. www.studymind.co.uk mm mm μm (1) (3) ← Calculate the diameter of the bacterial cell. Tick one box. 0.02 μm 0.2 μm Cell Structure | EASY 2.0 μm 20.0 μm www.studymind.co.uk (1) (Total 9 marks) 7 Students in a school investigated the effect of five different antibiotics, A, B, C, D and E, on one type of bacterium. The students: ● grew the bacteria on agar jelly in a Petri dish soaked separate paper discs in each of the antibiotics put the paper discs onto the bacteria in the Petri dish put the Petri dish into an incubator. The diagram shows what the Petri dish looked like after 3 days. ● Cell Structure | EASY No bacteria growing (a) (i) (ii) Draw a ring around your answer. 10°C25°C50°C What is the maximum temperature the incubator should be set at in the school? Bacteria growing Paper disc Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence. The incubator should not be set at a higher temperature because the higher temperature might help the growth of toxins. viruses. pathogens. www.studymind.co.uk (1) (1) (b) (c) Cell Structure | EASY Which antibiotic, A, B, C, D or E, would be best to treat a disease caused by this type of bacterium? Write your answer in the box. Give the reason for your answer. Antibiotics cannot be used to treat diseases caused by viruses. Why? Tick (✓) one box. Viruses are not pathogens There are too many different types of virus Viruses live inside cells www.studymind.co.uk (2) (1) (Total 5 marks) ← 8 The diagrams show four types of cell, A, B, C and D. Cell Structure | EASY Two of the cells are plant cells and two are animal cells. Root hair Tail A C (a) (i) Which two of the cells are plant cells? Tick (✓) one box. A and B A and D CEEEEEE C and D (ii) Give one reason for your answer. ooo 00 www.studymind.co.uk 0 Cytoplasm Chloroplast (1) (1) ← Cell Structure | EASY (b) (i) Which cell, A, B, C or D, is adapted for swimming? (c) (ii) Which cell, A, B, C or D, can produce glucose by photosynthesis? Cells A, B, C and D all use oxygen. For what process do cells use oxygen? Draw a ring around one answer. osmosis photosynthesis respiration www.studymind.co.uk (1) (1) (1) (Total 5 marks) ← 9 The diagram shows a cell. A (a) (i) (ii) A B Cell Structure | EASY 1 O 2 o O 000 00 O cell membrane 00⁰ O 0 00 00 o 0 O O OO Use words from the box to name the structures labelled A and B. chloroplast 00 O 0 (b) Oxygen will diffuse into the cell in the diagram. The cell in the diagram is an animal cell. How can you tell it is an animal cell and not a plant cell? Give two reasons. Key o Oxygen molecule cytoplasm www.studymind.co.uk B nucleus (2) (2) (c) Cell Structure | EASY Why? Use information from the diagram. The cell shown in the diagram is usually found with similar cells. Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence. Scientists call a group of similar cells an organ. a system. a tissue. www.studymind.co.uk (1) (1) (Total 6 marks) ← 10 Cell Structure | EASY The diagram shows how a student transferred some sour milk from a bottle to a Petri dish of nutrient agar. 1 The student heated a wire loop in a flame 2 He placed the wire loop on the bench to cool 3 He removed a drop of sour milk from a bottle using the wire loop 4 He raised the lid a little from a Petri dish of sterilised nutrient agar List A gives four actions carried out by the student. List B gives five possible effects of these actions. 5 He spread the sample of sour milk across the nutrient agar 6 He replaced the lid and put the Petri dish in an incubator at 25°C for 2 days www.studymind.co.uk ← Cell Structure | EASY Draw a straight line from each action in List A to its effect in List B. Draw only one line from each action. List A - Action Heating loop in flame Placing loop on bench to cool Only lifting lid of Petri dish a little Placing Petri dish in incubator at 25°C List B - Effect Risk of contamination with bacteria increased ||| Fewer bacteria will enter Kills bacteria Prevents air entering Risk of growth of pathogens decreased www.studymind.co.uk (Total 4 marks)