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C4 chem revision notes
2/28/2023
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ti Na k Rb F CI Br I At tHe Ne LAR Chemistry 44 revision mmmmo Kr |Xe Rn Cyt Group 1 Alkali metals 。 more reachive as you go down the row They have a single electron in their O auter shell a form an axide when reaching with отуден • form a while percipitate when reaching with chlorine react with water to make an alkaline solunan + hydrogen Group 7 Halogens O + react with metal's to form tonic compounds • non-metals that are poisonous 0 They all have I electrons in their auter shell Halagens are diatomic, forming molecules Br₂, Cl₂ F₂ i I₂ Reactivity decreases as you go down the group Halogens form negative cons -group Group 0 identifying reachons and products Noble Gases 0 They are unreachve, because they have full outer shells • The boiling point increases as you go down the group He e.g Stable arrangement ap electrons 0 Transihon metals m O Querall have higher melting points. and have higher densikes Properhes contain ions with a variety of charges Iron (11), Iron (111) make coloured compounds can be useful caralysis 4.2 Tests for gases fests for Carbon dioxide a mitky | claudy colour Chlaring Oxygen for: Halides mmmmm If chlorine gas is present it will bleach blue litmus paper Hydrogen - apart from (Hg) mercury Copper (11) Iron (11) Iran (111) zinc If CO₂ is present then it will turn limewater 15 Tests (cation) Ton adding NaOH Calcium if axgen gas is present it will relight a glowing splint if H₂ gas is present of will burn with a squeally pop. Aqueous Catons m - white percipite made blue percipitate green percipitate excess NaOH no change na change Orange/brown percipitak Percipitate White percipitate formed re-dissolves Aluminium white percipitate magnesium white percipitate and no change no change forms...
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Alternative transcript:
colourless southon Add dilute nitric acid, then silver nitrate Chloride Bromide lodine no change while percipitate cream percipirate yellow percipitate anions Carbonales • carbonate ions (CO₂². react with dilute acids, making CO₂ • CO₂ bubbled through limewater turns mily and calcium white percipitate is formed. Sulfates Hif sulfates are present then a while percipirate will form. flame tests. 1435 dold HCI, then barium Chloride colour Bed yellow Lilac green orange/red