Newton's First Law of Motion - Law of Inertia
The first law of motion states that an object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion tends to stay in motion unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
Balanced vs Unbalanced Force
When equal forces in opposite directions are applied to an object, no motion is produced, which is referred to as balanced force. On the other hand, unequal opposing forces cause an unbalanced force, leading to motion.
Mass and Inertia
Mass is the measure of the amount of matter in an object and is measured in kilograms. Inertia, on the other hand, is a property of an object that describes how much it will resist a change to the motion of an object. More mass means more inertia.
Types of Friction
There are different types of friction - sliding friction (as in ice skating), rolling friction (as in bowling), fluid friction (as in air or water resistance), and static friction (initial friction).
Newton's Second Law of Motion
The second law of motion is represented by the formula F=ma, which means force equals mass times acceleration. Weight is a measure of the force of gravity on the mass of an object, and it is measured in Newtons.
Newton's Third Law of Motion
The third law of motion states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. For example, when a book pushes down, the table pushes up with equal force.
The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred. This is why the first hill of a roller coaster is always the tallest.
Types of Energy
There are two main types of energy - kinetic energy, which is the energy of motion, and potential energy, which is the energy of position or stored energy.
Energy Formulas
Kinetic Energy Formula
The formula for calculating kinetic energy is Ek=1/2mv², where Ek stands for kinetic energy, m denotes mass, and v signifies velocity.
Potential Energy Formula
The potential energy formula is Ep=mgh, where Ep stands for potential energy, m represents mass, g denotes gravity (typically 9.81 m/s²), and h signifies height.
To calculate energy with units in physics, you need to consider acceleration, distance, force, mass, power, and time. The unit of energy is described in Joules (J).
Summary
Newton's 3 laws of motion, including the law of inertia, the formula for the second law of motion, and the third law of motion, play a crucial role in understanding the principles of physics and calculating energy in physics. Understanding these laws and formulas helps in comprehending motion, forces, and energy transfer in the physical world.
