Alternative transcript:

be readmitted as conquered provinces Johnson agreed with Lincoln ■ Issued Reconstruction proclamation on May 29, 1865 Disfranchised leading Confederates Called for special state conventions ■ ● ● The Baleful Black Codes Southern states passed the Black Codes 1 O O Poor former slaves became sharecropper farmers Sought to restore the race relations prior to emancipation Congressional Reconstruction O ■ O ■ O Republicans feared that the South would regain control and perpetuate the Black Codes Johnson Clashes with Congress Johnson vetoed extending the life of Freedmen's Bureau in February 1866 Republicans passed the Civil Rights Bill in March 1866 in response Gave blacks American citizenship and attacked Black Codes ● Johnson vetoed, but Congress overrode the veto ■ O O It disgusted Republicans that former Confederates were running for Congressional positions Blacks were now worth five-fifths of a person in congressional representation O Republicans proposed the Fourteenth Amendment Gave civil rights to blacks Reduced representation of a state if it denied blacks the right to vote Disqualified former Confederates from office Guaranteed federal debt ■ ■ Laws were designed to regulate the affairs of emancipated blacks Aimed to ensure a stable and subservient labor force ■ Swinging 'Round the Circle with Johnson Johnson delivered speeches in which he accused radicals in Congress of planning antiblack riots and murder in the South Was insulted His dignity sank O Sent votes to the Republican side ■ Republican Principles and Programs O Moderate and radical Republicans disagreed over Reconstruction O Radicals in Senate were led by Charles Sumner, and in House led by Thaddeus Stevens ■ Wanted to keep southern states out as possible and transform them drastically Moderates preferred policies that restrained states from violating citizen rights Had the upper hand O Both groups agreed on the necessity to enfranchise black voters Reconstruction by the Sword ■ O Congress passed the Reconstruction Act on March 2, 1867 Most Southern states rejected the amendment ■ O Seceded states were required to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment Fifteenth Amendment passed by Congress in 1869 Divided south into 5 military districts and temporarily disfranchised thousands of former Confederates Ensured black suffrage in the federal Constitution Ex parte Milligan (1866) - Supreme Court ruled that military tribunals could not try civilians where civil courts were open By 1870 all Southern states reorganized their governments 2 No Women Voters O O O O O The Realities of Radical Reconstruction in the South O O Women supported the abolitionist movement The Ku Klux Klan O Feminist leaders disappointed with the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony campaigned actively against the Fourteenth Amendment ■ Woman's Loyal League gathered 400,000 petition signatures asking Congress to pass an amendment prohibiting slavery O Women would not gain the right to vote until 50 years later Union League - Southern black men and Northern blacks worked together to educate members in their civic duties O Black women supported civic activities Black men were able to gain political positions Some Southern whites resorted to savage measures against radical reconstruction Resented success of black legislators Secret organizations were created Johnson Walks the Impeachment Plank Radicals falsely accused Johnson of (???) O Congress passed Tenure of Office Act in 1867 Ku Klux Klan founded in Tennessee in 1866 O Employed tomfoolery and terror on blacks Congress passed Force Acts of 1870 and 1871 Whites attempted to disfranchise blacks by intimidating and frauding them Literacy tests ■ O Johnson abruptly dismissed secretary of war Edwin M. Stanton in 1868 Required consent of the Senate before President could remove his appointees O House of Representatives voted 126 to 47 to impeach Johnson for high crimes and misdemeanors A Not-Guilty Verdict for Johnson The House conducted the prosecution ■ Johnson was convinced that the Tenure of Office Act was unconstitutional Radicals failed to muster the majority for Johnson's removal The Purchase of Alaska O Russia did not want to lose Alaska to Britain 1867 - Secretary of State William Seward signed a treaty with Russia that transferred Alaska to the U.S. for $7.2 million The Heritage of Reconstruction O Southerners resented reconstruction O Racism and indifference toward blacks was still an obstacle to obtaining full rights 3