Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Depression

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) is a prominent approach in treating depression, focusing on the interplay between thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. The process begins with an assessment between the therapist and patient to identify the patient's problems and pinpoint irrational or negative thoughts that need to be challenged. Following this, plans are made to alter these thought patterns.

Beck's cognitive therapy, a form of CBT, applies Beck's cognitive theory of depression. This approach focuses on identifying and challenging the components of the negative triad - thoughts about the world, self, and future. The aim is to test the reality of the patient's negative beliefs. For instance, patients might be asked to record instances when they enjoyed an event or when someone was nice to them. These records can then be used in future sessions to challenge statements like "no one is nice to me."

Highlight: Beck's cognitive therapy negative triad components form a crucial part of CBT, addressing thoughts about the world, self, and future.

Ellis's rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT) is another form of CBT that extends the ABD model to ABCDE - adding Dispute and Effect. This approach identifies and challenges irrational thoughts, sometimes involving vigorous arguments with the patient.

Vocabulary: REBT stands for Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy, a type of cognitive-behavioral therapy developed by Albert Ellis.

Highlight: Ellis's rational emotive behavior therapy ABD model is expanded to ABCDE, incorporating Dispute and Effect stages.

Behavioral activation is also a key component of CBT for depression. The therapist may encourage the patient to engage in more enjoyable activities, which can provide evidence for the irrational nature of their beliefs.

Example: A therapist might encourage a depressed patient who believes "I never enjoy anything" to try a hobby they used to like, then discuss their experience in the next session.

Evaluation of CBT shows that it is generally effective in treating depression. There is substantial evidence supporting the cognitive behavior therapy for depression effectiveness. However, it may not work for the most severe cases, and some patients might struggle to motivate themselves to engage in CBT or pay attention during sessions.

Quote: "CBT cannot be used as only treatment for all cases."

It's important to note that the success of CBT may be due to the therapist-patient relationship rather than the specific techniques used. The most crucial factor might be having someone to listen and talk to, regardless of the particular therapeutic approach.