Cool Science: Isotopes vs Elements and Atoms Explained!

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Ria

9/24/2023

Biology

Atoms and bonding

Subjects

Biology

Cellular Respiration

Formation of Biomolecules

Cool Science: Isotopes vs Elements and Atoms Explained!

A comprehensive guide to atomic structure and chemical bonding, focusing on the fundamental concepts of matter, elements, and chemical bonds. The material covers essential topics in chemistry including difference between isotopes and elements in atomic structure, understanding atomic mass and electron orbitals in atoms, and explanation of ionic and covalent bonds with examples.

Matter is defined as anything occupying space or having mass, with the fundamental principle that it cannot be created or destroyed
Elements are pure substances composed of atoms, which contain protons, neutrons, and electrons
Chemical bonding occurs through ionic and covalent mechanisms, allowing atoms to achieve stability
Electron orbitals and energy levels determine how atoms interact and form bonds
The periodic table serves as a fundamental tool for understanding atomic structure and properties

9/24/2023

Atoms and Bonding
(Pt.1).
Matter
Matter- anything that occupies space or has mass
Mass- quantity of matter an object hasy
Weight- gravitatio

Electron Structure and Periodic Table

Definition: Electrons are negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus in specific energy levels called shells.

Highlight: Each electron shell has a specific capacity: Shell 1 holds 2 electrons, Shell 2 holds 8 electrons, and Shell 3 holds 18 electrons.

Example: The periodic table provides key information including the element's symbol, atomic number $number of protons$ , and atomic mass $protons + neutrons$ .

Vocabulary: Compounds are formed when two or more elements join together, while molecules are specifically formed when two of the same elements combine $like O₂$ .

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Chemical Bonding Types

This section explains the two primary types of chemical bonds: ionic and covalent bonds. The mechanisms of electron sharing and transfer are detailed with specific examples.

Definition: Ionic bonds form when atoms lose or gain electrons, creating oppositely charged ions that attract each other.

Highlight: Covalent bonds involve atoms sharing electron pairs, with orbital overlap occurring during bond formation.

Example: Water $H₂O$ demonstrates covalent bonding between oxygen and hydrogen atoms.

Vocabulary: Cations are positively charged ions $lost electrons$ , while anions are negatively charged ions $gained electrons$ .

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Subjects

Biology

Cellular Respiration

Formation of Biomolecules

Biology

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129

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Sep 24, 2023

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3 pages

Cool Science: Isotopes vs Elements and Atoms Explained!

Ria

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Electron Structure and Periodic Table

This section delves into the behavior and arrangement of electrons in atoms, explaining their orbital patterns and energy levels. The periodic table's structure and how to interpret it is thoroughly explained.

Definition: Electrons are negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus in specific energy levels called shells.

Highlight: Each electron shell has a specific capacity: Shell 1 holds 2 electrons, Shell 2 holds 8 electrons, and Shell 3 holds 18 electrons.

Example: The periodic table provides key information including the element's symbol, atomic number $number of protons$ , and atomic mass $protons + neutrons$ .

Vocabulary: Compounds are formed when two or more elements join together, while molecules are specifically formed when two of the same elements combine $like O₂$ .

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Chemical Bonding Types

This section explains the two primary types of chemical bonds: ionic and covalent bonds. The mechanisms of electron sharing and transfer are detailed with specific examples.

Definition: Ionic bonds form when atoms lose or gain electrons, creating oppositely charged ions that attract each other.

Highlight: Covalent bonds involve atoms sharing electron pairs, with orbital overlap occurring during bond formation.

Example: Water $H₂O$ demonstrates covalent bonding between oxygen and hydrogen atoms.

Vocabulary: Cations are positively charged ions $lost electrons$ , while anions are negatively charged ions $gained electrons$ .

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Understanding Matter and Atomic Structure

This section introduces the fundamental concepts of matter and atomic structure. Matter is explained as anything that occupies space or has mass, with an important distinction made between mass and weight. The atomic structure is thoroughly detailed with its three basic components.

Definition: Matter is anything that occupies space or has mass, following the conservation principle that it can neither be created nor destroyed.

Vocabulary: Atoms are the simplest particles of elements that retain all properties of that element.

Highlight: The nucleus contains most of the atom's mass and consists of protons and neutrons.

Example: Isotopes demonstrate how atoms of the same element can have different masses, such as Carbon-12 and Carbon-13, which have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

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Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍

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Cool Science: Isotopes vs Elements and Atoms Explained!

Electron Structure and Periodic Table

Chemical Bonding Types

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Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

Knowunity was a featured story by Apple and has consistently topped the app store charts within the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.

4.9+

21 M

#1

950 K+

Still not sure? Look at what your fellow peers are saying...

I love this app so much [...] I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a C to an A with it :D

The application is very simple and well designed. So far I have found what I was looking for :D

Love this App ❤️, I use it basically all the time whenever I'm studying

Cool Science: Isotopes vs Elements and Atoms Explained!

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Electron Structure and Periodic Table

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Chemical Bonding Types

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Understanding Matter and Atomic Structure

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