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How Your Kidneys Work: Secrets of Reabsorption and ADH

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Winnie :)

2/26/2023

Biology

Biology - Excretion 2

How Your Kidneys Work: Secrets of Reabsorption and ADH

The mechanism of selective reabsorption in proximal convoluted tubule and kidney osmoregulation work together to maintain water balance through complex cellular processes. The system relies heavily on the sodium-potassium pump function in nephron and the role of ADH in kidney osmoregulation process to regulate water reabsorption.

  • The proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) features specialized walls with microvilli and numerous mitochondria to facilitate selective reabsorption
  • The Loop of Henle operates using a counter-current multiplier system to establish salt gradients
  • ADH production is triggered by osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus responding to blood water potential
  • The collecting duct system utilizes aquaporins activated by ADH to control water reabsorption
  • Active transport mechanisms in the distal convoluted tubule help fine-tune salt concentrations
...

2/26/2023

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How Your Kidneys Work: Secrets of Reabsorption and ADH

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Winnie :)

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The mechanism of selective reabsorption in proximal convoluted tubule and kidney osmoregulation work together to maintain water balance through complex cellular processes. The system relies heavily on the sodium-potassium pump function in nephron and the role of ADH in kidney osmoregulation process to regulate water reabsorption.

  • The proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) features specialized walls with microvilli and numerous mitochondria to facilitate selective reabsorption
  • The Loop of Henle operates using a counter-current multiplier system to establish salt gradients
  • ADH production is triggered by osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus responding to blood water potential
  • The collecting duct system utilizes aquaporins activated by ADH to control water reabsorption
  • Active transport mechanisms in the distal convoluted tubule help fine-tune salt concentrations
...

2/26/2023

279

 

13

 

Biology

7

How are the walls of PCT specialised
for selective reabsorption?
.
· microvilli → large surface area
Co-transport proteins → transports
gluc

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Selective Reabsorption and Osmoregulation Mechanisms

The proximal convoluted tubule demonstrates remarkable specialization for selective reabsorption through its structural and functional adaptations. The process begins with sodium-potassium pumps actively transporting sodium out of PCT cell lining, creating concentration gradients that drive further transport processes.

Definition: Counter-current multiplier is a system that increases the concentration of solutes and ions in the medulla, enabling efficient water reabsorption while minimizing energy usage.

Vocabulary: Aquaporins are specialized protein channels that facilitate water movement across cell membranes in response to ADH.

Example: When blood water potential decreases, osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus shrink, triggering ADH release from the posterior pituitary gland.

Highlight: The Loop of Henle's unique structure, with its descending limb permeable to water and ascending limb permeable to salts, creates a crucial concentration gradient essential for water conservation.

Quote: "ADH causes kidneys to reabsorb more water, reducing water lost in the urine."

The collecting duct system plays a vital role in final water regulation, where ADH binding triggers aquaporin activation through phosphorylation, allowing precise control of water reabsorption based on the body's needs.

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In Education App Charts in 17 Countries

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Students uploaded study notes

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iOS User

I love this app so much [...] I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a C to an A with it :D

Stefan S, iOS User

The application is very simple and well designed. So far I have found what I was looking for :D

SuSSan, iOS User

Love this App ❤️, I use it basically all the time whenever I'm studying