Vocabulary: Chloroplasts are specialized organelles found in plant cells that convert sunlight into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

Definition: The Golgi apparatus serves as the cell's processing and distribution center, modifying and packaging proteins for various cellular destinations.

Highlight: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) functions as an internal membrane system crucial for lipid synthesis and protein processing.

Example: Lysosomes act as the cell's digestive system, breaking down various biological molecules into smaller, usable components.

Definition: Cell theory establishes that all living things are composed of cells, which are the basic units of structure and function, and that new cells come from existing cells.

Vocabulary: Eukaryotes are organisms with cells containing a nucleus, while prokaryotes are unicellular organisms lacking a nucleus.

Highlight: The cell membrane, composed of a phospholipid bilayer, acts as a selective barrier controlling cellular transport.

Example: The cytoskeleton, a network of protein filaments, maintains cell shape and facilitates cellular movement, demonstrating the complex structural organization within cells.