Page 1: Classification and Components of Matter

This page introduces the fundamental concepts of matter classification in chemistry, breaking down the hierarchical organization of material substances. The content explores elements, compounds, and mixtures while providing detailed examples and characteristics of each category.

Definition: Matter is categorized into two major groups: Substances (elements and compounds) and Mixtures.

Example: A chemical change is demonstrated through the frying of eggs, where liquid egg whites and yolks transform irreversibly into a solid form.

Vocabulary: Elements are defined as the basic building blocks of matter, including metals, metalloids, and nonmetals.

Highlight: Compounds are substances composed of two or more elements that are chemically bonded together in fixed ratios and cannot be separated by physical means.

Example: Common compounds include H₂O (water), CO₂ (carbon dioxide), and C6H₁₂O6 (glucose).

The page also details the classification of compounds into ionic (metal + nonmetal) and covalent (nonmetal bonded to nonmetal) categories. Important characteristics of mixtures are outlined, emphasizing that they are not pure forms of matter and can be composed of various combinations of elements and compounds, joined physically rather than chemically.