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Attitudes to mental illness in 1940s America 1940s activist Dorothea Dix lobbied for better living conditions for the mentally ill after witnessing the dangerous and unhealthy conditions in which many patients lived. = By 1880 Dix successfully persuaded the US government to fund the building of 32 large state psychiatric hospitals - ´asylums´. L-this was considered the most effective way to care for the mentally il, and was welcomed by families and communities struggling to care for mentally ill relatives. Huge rise in mental illness: 1889 - there were reportedly 40,000 American asylum patients and by 1923 that number shot up to 263,000. - more huge asylums were built to cope with the huge number of patients. - urbanisation and the increased intermingling of social classics led to less tolerance on the part of the bourgeois and asylums helped to keep the 'unwanted out of public view. - the capitalism of the early 20th century and urbanisation eroded the traditional familial community that existed in generations prior, and the asylum became a clearing house fo unproductive members of the labour market. - Men were often reported as becoming mentally ill through external forces like medical issues or financial hardships Women were often made insane through more internal or personal problems like lost love or stress or family history. Insanity: - Many people...
iOS User
Stefan S, iOS User
SuSSan, iOS User
were labelled insane or committed to mental asylums when many did not I have any kind of mental illness. L>These institutions were often used to get rid of "undesirables" in society. Examples: - lesbians and homosexuals (homosexuality was regarded as a mental illness until 1973 - Prostitutes - Sexually forward women - unmarried women - immigrants -Other "social undesirables" Hysteria: - The word "hysteria originates from the Greek word for uterus, womb - "hystera" - Female hysteria was Once a common medical diagnosis for women. - Symptoms included: L>Anxiety, shortness of breath, fainting, nervousness, insomnia, sexual desire, sexually forward behaviour, and a "tendency to cause trouble for others" Its diagnosis and treatment were routine for hundreds of years in western Europe. - It was considered both common and chronic among women. Even though it was categorised as a disease, hysteria's symptoms were synonymous with normal functioning female sexuality - - In extreme cases, the woman may have been forced to enter an insane asylum or to have undergone a hysterectomy - The American psychiatric association did not drop the term "hysteria" until the 1950s. Hysteria... continued: by the 1980s, feminists began to explore the idea that "hysteria" was actually just sexual repression. · The idea stemmed from the belief that hysteria was a kind of pre-feminist rebellion against the oppressive defined social roles placed upon women. - Feminist social historians of both genders argue that hysteria was caused by women's oppressed social roles, rather than by their bodies or psyches, and they have sought its sources in cultural myths of femininity and in male domination. Carrie Buck and her mother Emma Buck: - Emma had been committed to the mental institution after accusations of immortality, prostitution, and having syphilis. Carrie, her daughter was committed after becoming pregnant at seventeen as a result of rape - Carrie was subsequently forcibly sterilised. Her sister, Dora, was also sterilised when she had an appendicitis, to stop the family from reproducing
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Notes of attitudes to mental illness - relates to A Streetcar Named Desire with regards to context purposes
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paper 2
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Exploring the feminist themes and context in Brontë's novel, focusing on the portrayal of women and their limitations in 19th century society. AO5 Alternative Interpretations.
139
Quotes + Analysis for characters in An Inspector Calls (Grade 8+)
28
Themes
3033
Key quotes to remember! There are quotes on Mr Birling, Mrs Birling, Sheila, Eric, Gerald and Inspector Goole.
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Attitudes to mental illness in 1940s America 1940s activist Dorothea Dix lobbied for better living conditions for the mentally ill after witnessing the dangerous and unhealthy conditions in which many patients lived. = By 1880 Dix successfully persuaded the US government to fund the building of 32 large state psychiatric hospitals - ´asylums´. L-this was considered the most effective way to care for the mentally il, and was welcomed by families and communities struggling to care for mentally ill relatives. Huge rise in mental illness: 1889 - there were reportedly 40,000 American asylum patients and by 1923 that number shot up to 263,000. - more huge asylums were built to cope with the huge number of patients. - urbanisation and the increased intermingling of social classics led to less tolerance on the part of the bourgeois and asylums helped to keep the 'unwanted out of public view. - the capitalism of the early 20th century and urbanisation eroded the traditional familial community that existed in generations prior, and the asylum became a clearing house fo unproductive members of the labour market. - Men were often reported as becoming mentally ill through external forces like medical issues or financial hardships Women were often made insane through more internal or personal problems like lost love or stress or family history. Insanity: - Many people...
Attitudes to mental illness in 1940s America 1940s activist Dorothea Dix lobbied for better living conditions for the mentally ill after witnessing the dangerous and unhealthy conditions in which many patients lived. = By 1880 Dix successfully persuaded the US government to fund the building of 32 large state psychiatric hospitals - ´asylums´. L-this was considered the most effective way to care for the mentally il, and was welcomed by families and communities struggling to care for mentally ill relatives. Huge rise in mental illness: 1889 - there were reportedly 40,000 American asylum patients and by 1923 that number shot up to 263,000. - more huge asylums were built to cope with the huge number of patients. - urbanisation and the increased intermingling of social classics led to less tolerance on the part of the bourgeois and asylums helped to keep the 'unwanted out of public view. - the capitalism of the early 20th century and urbanisation eroded the traditional familial community that existed in generations prior, and the asylum became a clearing house fo unproductive members of the labour market. - Men were often reported as becoming mentally ill through external forces like medical issues or financial hardships Women were often made insane through more internal or personal problems like lost love or stress or family history. Insanity: - Many people...
iOS User
Stefan S, iOS User
SuSSan, iOS User
were labelled insane or committed to mental asylums when many did not I have any kind of mental illness. L>These institutions were often used to get rid of "undesirables" in society. Examples: - lesbians and homosexuals (homosexuality was regarded as a mental illness until 1973 - Prostitutes - Sexually forward women - unmarried women - immigrants -Other "social undesirables" Hysteria: - The word "hysteria originates from the Greek word for uterus, womb - "hystera" - Female hysteria was Once a common medical diagnosis for women. - Symptoms included: L>Anxiety, shortness of breath, fainting, nervousness, insomnia, sexual desire, sexually forward behaviour, and a "tendency to cause trouble for others" Its diagnosis and treatment were routine for hundreds of years in western Europe. - It was considered both common and chronic among women. Even though it was categorised as a disease, hysteria's symptoms were synonymous with normal functioning female sexuality - - In extreme cases, the woman may have been forced to enter an insane asylum or to have undergone a hysterectomy - The American psychiatric association did not drop the term "hysteria" until the 1950s. Hysteria... continued: by the 1980s, feminists began to explore the idea that "hysteria" was actually just sexual repression. · The idea stemmed from the belief that hysteria was a kind of pre-feminist rebellion against the oppressive defined social roles placed upon women. - Feminist social historians of both genders argue that hysteria was caused by women's oppressed social roles, rather than by their bodies or psyches, and they have sought its sources in cultural myths of femininity and in male domination. Carrie Buck and her mother Emma Buck: - Emma had been committed to the mental institution after accusations of immortality, prostitution, and having syphilis. Carrie, her daughter was committed after becoming pregnant at seventeen as a result of rape - Carrie was subsequently forcibly sterilised. Her sister, Dora, was also sterilised when she had an appendicitis, to stop the family from reproducing