Good vs Evil
The novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding explores the theme of good vs evil through key quotes and analysis. The story uses description to initially present the concept of good within the first chapter, contrasting it with later chapters to illustrate how evil has gradually overcome the boys.
In the beginning, the author describes a "boy with fair hair [who] lowered himself," immediately associating Ralph with what is fair and good in life and morality. However, as the story progresses, Ralph's actions such as "lowering himself" reveal a central theme of the novel: the idea that while we all have the choice to be good, we may ultimately succumb to inner evil.
The contrast between good and evil is further illustrated by the "witch-like cry" that Ralph hears, with this evil context later echoed by another character, Piggy. The author uses this to depict human beings exhibiting animalistic traits, showing that all individuals are equally potentially evil and are only a short step away from descending into savagery.
Civilization vs Savagery
Another prominent theme in Lord of the Flies is the conflict between civilization and savagery. The clothing worn by the boys symbolizes the civilizing force, with the boys gradually rejecting it as they become increasingly savage. Golding, drawing from his experience as a headmaster, uses the island as a microcosm of the real world, showing how savagery is contained within all of us, even the most civilized individuals.
Meritocracy vs Class System
The novel also delves into the concept of meritocracy vs class system, with Golding's own experiences as a teacher in a Grammar School influencing this theme. He highlights the idea of social mobility, which was particularly profound in the 1950s, and criticizes the flaws of a system solely based on intelligence. This is exemplified through the character of Piggy, the most intelligent individual on the island, who never rises to prominence due to his working-class background.
Symbolism vs Action
Golding chooses to focus on the idea of symbolism rather than pure action, with the opening description of the novel providing symbolic insights and setting the tone for the story. The author uses this symbolism to examine man's capacity for evil, drawing parallels to Christian symbolism and exploring whether mankind can escape our inherently evil nature.
Overall, Lord of the Flies delves into multiple themes, touching upon good vs evil, civilization vs savagery, meritocracy vs class system, and the use of symbolism in literature. Through key quotes and analysis, the novel provides a thought-provoking exploration of human nature and society that continues to resonate with readers.
