“Macbeth” Act 4 Full Analysis

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blood, Then the charm is firm and good. HECATE Enter HECATE, and the other three Witches O well done! I commend your pains, And every one shall share i'th'gains; And now about the cauldron sing Like elves and fairies in a ring, Enchanting all that you put in. Music, and a song, 'Black spirits, etc." do? ALL THE WITCHES A deed without a name. MACBETH I conjure you by that which you profess, Howe'er you come to know it, answer me. Though you untie the winds and let them fight He's looking for Comfort + reassure Against the churches, though the yeasty waves that what he's Confound and swallow navigation up, MACBETH [Exeunt Hecate and the other three Witches] SECOND WITCH By the pricking of my thumbs - Feels evil is on the way Something wicked this way comes; y never adive agents, comment on Open locks, whoever knocks. Proceedings, waloh fale unfold Enter MACBETH MACBETH How now, you secret, black, and midnight hags! Confidence- echos Approaching with & Hecates Phropoie What is't you done will keep him Though castles topple on their warders' heads, on the throne Though palaces and pyramids do slope Though bladed corn be lodged and trees blown down, MACBETH ACT 4 SCENE I Their heads to their foundations, though the treasure Of nature's germen tumble altogether Even till destruction sicken: answer me To what I ask you. FIRST WITCH SECOND WITCH THIRD WITCH We'll answer. FIRST WITCH Say, if thou'dst rather hear it from our mouths, Or from our masters'? Call 'em, let me see 'em. Speak. Demand. 40 50 55 60 FIRST WITCH Pour in sow's blood, that hath eaten Her nine farrow; grease that's sweaten From the murderer's gibbet throw Into the flame. ALL THE WITCHES signPasting important de lails to MACBETH FIRST WITCH his audience Come high or low: Thyself and office deftly show. MACBETH He knows thy thought; Hear his speech, but say thou nought. FIRST APPARITION Macbeth, Macbeth, Macbeth: beware Macduff Beware the Thane of Fife. Dismiss me. Enough. Whate'er thou art, for thy good caution, thanks; Thou hast harped my fear aright. But one word more - FIRST WITCH He will not be commanded. Here's another, potent than the first. More Thunder. [Enter] FIRST APPARITION, an armed Head fortels Macbeths decapitation Tell me, thou unknown power 65 Apparitions show I thing but Can be interpreted as the Complete opposite That I may tell pale-hearted fear it lies, And sleep in spite of thunder. MACBETH ACT 4 SCENE 1 SECOND APPARITION Be bloody, bold, and resolute; laugh to scorn The power of man, for none of woman born Shall harm Macbeth. MACBETH Then live, Macduff, what need I fear of thee? But yet I'll make assurance double sure And take a bond of fate: thou shalt not live, Duncan's son coming to Macbeth's castle carrying a tree Thunder. (Enter) SECOND APPARITION, a bloody Child SECOND APPARITION Macbeth, Macbeth, Macbeth. can't be harmed MACBETH Had I three ears, I'd hear thee. That rises like the issue of a king ALL THE WITCHES What is this, And wears upon his baby-brow the round And top of sovereignty? Thunder. [Enter] THIRD APPARITION, a Child crowned, with a tree in his hand has Mcduff + family Killed • Mcduff in reality. Descends 70 Listen, but speak not to't. -No man born from a woman can "barm him Descends 80 I How long he will be king 85 MACBETH ACT 4 SCENE I THIRD APPARITION Be lion-mertled, proud, and take no care He will be king ~Think he'll be king farover Porest can't move. Who chafes, who frets, or where conspirers are. Until Brinham wood moves Macbeth shall never vanquished be until to Dunsane hill Great Birnam Wood to high Dunsinane hill Shall come against him. Descends MACBETH That will never be: Who can impress the forest, bid the tree Unfix his earthbound root? Sweet bodements, good. It is clear the Rebellious dead, rise never till the wood Of Birnam rise, and our high-placed Macbeth Play- Shall live the lease of nature, pay his breath heart witches are play. ing with him ť Throbs to know one thing. Tell me, if your art he doesn't know Can tell so much, shall Banquo's issue ever Reign in this kingdom? or doaptALL care ALL THE WITCHES MACBETH Seek to know no more. I will be satisfied. Deny me this, And an eternal curse fall on you. Let me know. [Cauldron descends.] Hautboys Why sinks that cauldron? And what noise is this? Show! FIRST WITCH SECOND WITCH Show! THIRD WITCH Show! ALL THE WITCHES Show his eyes and grieve his heart, Come like shadows, so depart. 95 100 105 Macbeth orders them to show him tunnel final Vision [Exeunt show of kings and Banquo's Ghost] What, is this so? 110 [Enter) a show of eight kings, and the last with a glass in his handling All of Banquo's Ghost following MACBETH Banquo's decendants Thou art too like the spirit of balls. And thy hair looks like they with Thy crown does sear mine eyeballs. And thy hair, all be kings Odd Macbeth Sees this but Thou other gold-bound brow, is like the first; A third, is like the former. - Filthy hags, doesn't doubt Why do you show me this? - A fourth? Start, eyes! the phropaies What, will the line stretch out to th'crack of doom? Another yet? A seventh? I'll see no more. And yet the eighth appears, who bears a glass Which shows me many more. And some I see, That two-fold balls and treble sceptres carry. Horrible sight! Now I see 'tis true, For the blood-boltered Banquo smiles upon me, And points at them for his. 115 120 FIRST WITCH Ay, sir, all this is so. But why Stands Macbeth thus amazedly? MACBETH LENNOX MACBETH LENNOX MACBETH LENNOX MACBETH LENNOX Come, sisters, cheer we up his sprites, And show the best of our delights. I'll charm the air to give a sound, While you perform your antic round That this great king may kindly say, Our duties did his welcome pay. Music. The Witches dance, and vanish Where are they? Gone? Let this pernicious hour, Stand aye accursèd in the calendar. Come in, without there! Mcdufts family In a terrible at which almost de humanises Saw you Enter LENNOX the weird sisters? Came they not by you? What's your grace's will? No, my lord. No indeed, my lord. MACBETH ACT 4 SCENE T Infected be the air whereon they ride, And damned all those that trust them. I did hear The galloping of horse. Who was't came by? 'Tis two or three, my lord, that bring you word Macduff is fled to England. him in our eyes This deed I'll do before this purpose cool, MACBETH Fled to England? LENNOX MACBETH Ay, my good lord. Decides on murder [Aside] Time, thou anticipat'st my dread exploits; Plots to murderThe flighty purpose never is o'ertook with no quams The very firstlings of my heart shall be out he won't hesitate Saying from here on Unless the deed go with it. From this moment. The firstlings of my hand. And even now Tos Το crown my thoughts with acts, be it thought and done. Once thought The castle of Macduff I will surprise; of an it out act, he will carry Seize upon Fife; give to th'edge o'th'sword His wife, his babes, and all unfortunate souls 150 That trace him in his line. No boasting like a fool; But no more sights. - Where are these gentlemen? Come, bring me where they are. Difficult to have any sympathy for min + only see him as a monster (25 Exeunt 130 135 140 155 107 Throughout the scene waiting for something Act 4 Scene 2 bad to happen to Fife The castle of Macduff McDutt's Pamily' Enter LADY MACDUFF, her SON, and ROSS LADY MACDUFF What had he done, to make him fly the land? ROSS You must have patience, madam. LADY MACDUFF He had none; Her has band has done nothing Mcduff running His flight was madness. When our actions do not look like he has but running away + mahos it away was condice Our fears do make us traitors, ROSS MACBETH ACT 4 SCENE 2 You know not Whether it was his wisdom or his fear. Deception tell LADY MACDUFF Wisdom? To leave his wife, to leave his babes, her son her father is a traitor His mansion, and his titles in a place From whence himself does fly? He loves us not. He wants the natural touch, for the poor wren, The most diminutive of birds, will fight, Her young ones in her nest, against the owl. All is the fear, and nothing is the love; As little is the wisdom, where the flight So runs against all reason. ROSS Blessing upon you. Fathered he is, and yet the's fatherless. I am so much a fool, should I stay longer My dearest coz, I pray you school yourself. But for your husband, He is noble, wise, judicious, and best knows The fits o'th'season. I dare not speak much further, But cruel are the times when we are traitors And do not know ourselves, when we hold rumour From what we fear, yet know not what we fear, But float upon a wild and violent sea, Each way and none. I take my leave of you; Shall not be long but I'll be here again. Things at the worst will cease, or else climb upward To what they were before. My pretty cousin, LADY MACDUFF ROSS In depth conversation about treason It would be my disgrace and your discomfort. I take my leave at once. 10 Exit 15 20 25 LADY MACDUFF SON SON LADY MACDUFF SON With what I get I mean, and so do they. LADY MACDUFF Poor bird, thou'dst never fear the net, nor lime, Sirrah, your father's dead, And what will you do now? How will you live? As birds do, mother. SON LADY MACDUFF Ay, that he was. SON What is a traitor? the pitfall, nor the gin. Why should I, mother? Poor birds they are not set for. My father is not dead for all your saying. LADY MACDUFF Yes, he is dead. How wilt thou do for a father? Nay, how will you do for a husband? SON LADY MACDUFF Why, I can buy me twenty at any market. Then you'll buy 'em to sell again. SON LADY MACDUPF Thou speak'st with all thy wit, and yet i'faith with wit enough for thee. MACBETH ACT 4 SCENE 3 What, with worms and flies? SON Was my father a traitor, mother? LADY MACDUFF Why, one that swears and lies. SON And be all traitors, that do so? LADY MACDUFF Every one that does so is a traitor and must be SON LADY MACDUFF Every one. SON hanged. And must they all be hanged that swear and lie? Who must hang them? LADY MACDUFF Why, the honest men. SON Then the liars and swearers are fools, for there are liars and swearers enough to beat the honest men and hang up them. LADY MACDUFF Now God help thee, poor monkey, but how wilt thou do for a father? If he were dead, you'd weep for him; if you would not, it were a good sign that I should quickly have a new father. LADY MACDUFF Poor prattler, how thou talk'st! Enter a MESSENGER MESSENGER Bless you, fair dame. I am not to you known, Though in your state of honour I am perfect; I doubt some danger does approach you nearly. 35 Macbeth doesn't out the Carry dead. To fright you thus, methinks I am too savage; To do worse to you were fell cruelty, couldn't bring which istoo nigh your person. Heaven preserve you, to do it I dare abide no longer. himself Exit LADY MACDUFF even if he wanted I have done no harm. But I remember now to. If you will take a homely man's advice, Be not found here. Hence with your little ones. A MURDERER SON A MURDERER SON 70 Whither should I fly: Macbeths slowest Poin't an out andout villain Almost nothing Posolive in his character I am in this earthly world where to do harm Is often laudable, to do good sometime Accounted dangerous folly. Why then, alas, Do I put up that womanly defence, To say I have done no harm? A MURDERER Where is your husband? LADY MACDUFF I hope in no place so unsanctified, Where such as thou mayst find him. Enter MURDERERS MACBETH ACT 4 SCENE 1 Only way shavespeare can Keep him redeemable is by having him not visually What are these faces? on stage. Thou liest, thou shag-haired villain. Young fry of treachery! [Kills him Run away, I pray you! He's a traitor. What, you egg! He has killed me, mother, Exit [Lady Macduff] crying 'Murder", pursued by Murderers with her Son] Establishes a character big t stron enough to tachle Macbeth. MALCOLM MACDUFF MALCOLM MACDUFF MALCOLM MACDUFF MALCOLM MACBETH ACT 4 SCENE 3 Enter MALCOLM and MACDUFF Let us seek out some desolate shade and there Weep our sad bosoms empty. Act 4 Scene 3 England The palace of King Edward Let us rather Hold fast the mortal sword and like good men Bestride our downfall birthdom; each new morn, New widows howl, new orphans cry, new sorrows Strike heaven on the face, that it resounds As if it felt with Scotland and yelled out Like syllable of dolour. Malcom in contrast with his father is Showing immense Caution + testing Mcdufr to see if he can really trust What I believe, I'll wail; What know, believe; and what I can redress, As I shall find the time to friend, I will. What you have spoke, it may be so perchance. This tyrant, whose sole name blisters our tongues, Was once thought honest; you have loved him well- He hath not touched you yet. I am young, but something may discern of him through me, and wisdom You To offer up a weak, poor, innocent lamb T'appease an angry god. I am not treacherous. But Macbeth is. A good and virtuous nature may recoil In an imperial charge. But I shall crave your pardon: That which you are, my thoughts cannot transpose; Angels are bright still, though the brightest fell. Though all things foul would wear the brows of grace, Yet grace must still look so. I have lost my hopes. Perchance even there where I did find my doubts. Why in that rawness left you wife and child, Those precious motives, those strong knots of love, Without leave-taking? I pray you, 10 15 20 25 MACDUFF MALCOLM MACDUFF MALCOLM MACDUFF MACBETH ACT 4 SCENE 3 Let not my jealousies be your dishonours, But mine own safeties; you may be rightly just, Whatever I shall think. Bleed, bleed, poor country. Great tyranny, lay thou thy basis sure, For goodness dare not check thee; wear thou thy wrongs, The title is affeered. Fare thee well, lord, I would not be the villain that thou think'st For the whole space that's in the tyrant's grasp, And the rich East to boot. Be not offended. I speak not as in absolute fear of you: I think our country sinks beneath the yoke; It weeps, it bleeds, and each new day a gash Is added to her wounds. I think withal There would be hands uplifted in my right, And here from gracious England have I offer Of goodly thousands. But for all this, When I shall tread upon the tyrant's head, Or wear it on my sword, yet my poor country Shall have more vices than it had before, More suffer, and more sundry ways than ever, By him that shall succeed. What should he be? It is myself I mean - in whom I know All the particulars of vice so grafted That when they shall be opened, black Macbeth Will seem as pure as snow, and the poor state Esteem him as a lamb, being compared With my confineless harms. Not in the legions Of horrid hell can come a devil more damned In evils to top Macbeth. 35 MALCOLM MACDUFF MALCOLM MACDUFF MACBETH ACT 4 SCENE 3 Luxurious, avaricious, false, deceitful, Igrant him bloody. He denounces hind Sudden, malicious, smacking of every sin Mcduffs reaction. in an effort to see That has a name. But there's no bottom, none, 60 In my voluptuousness: your wives, your daughters, Your matrons, and your maids could not fill up The cistern of my lust, and my desire All continent impediments would o'erbear That did oppose my will. Better Macbeth, Than such an one to reign. Boundless intemperance In nature is a tyranny; it hath been Th'untimely emptying of the happy throne And fall of many kings. But fear not yet To take upon you what is yours: you may Convey your pleasures in a spacious plenty And yet seem cold. The time you may so hoodwink. We have willing dames enough; there cannot be That vulture in you to devour so many As will to greatness dedicate themselves, Finding it so inclined. With this, there grows In my most ill-composed affection such A stanchless avarice that, were I king, I should cut off the nobles for their lands, Desire his jewels, and this other's house, And my more-having would be as a sauce To make me hunger more, that I should forge Quarrels unjust against the good and loyal, Destroying them for wealth. This avarice Sticks deeper, grows with more pernicious root Than summer-seeming lust, and it hath been The sword of our slain kings; yet do not fear, Scotland hath foisons to fill up your will Of your mere own. All these are portable, With other graces weighed. 65 70 75 80 85 MALCOLM MACDUFF MALCOLM MACDUFF MALCOLM MACBETH ACT 4 SCENE 3 O Scotland, Scotland! If such a one be fit to govern, speak. I am as I have spoken. Mcduff is at his But I have none. The king-becoming graces-wis ends As justice, veriry, temp'rance, stableness, Bounty, perseverance, mercy, lowliness, Devotion, patience, courage, fortitude- I have no relish of them, but abound In the division of each several crime, Suttle way of describing Acting it many ways. Nay, had I power, I should Scotlands state under Pour the sweet milk of concord into hell/ Macbeths rule Uproar the universal peace, confound Describing a country compartly All unity on earth. 100 Fit to govern? Malcom goes on to say he's none of these fis No, not to live. O nation miserable! With an untitled tyrant, bloody-sceptred, Perfectly filled to rule 105 When shalt thou see thy wholesome days again, Since that the truest issue of thy throne By his own interdiction stands accursed And does blaspheme his breed? Thy royal father Was a most sainted king; the queen that bore thee, Oft'ner upon her knees than on her feet, Died every day she lived. Fare thee well, These evils thou repeat'st upon thyself Hath banished me from Scotland. O my breast, Thy hope ends here. Macduff, this noble passion, Child of integrity, hath from my y soul Wiped the black scruples, reconciled my thoughts To thy good truth and honour. Devilish Macbeth By many of these trains hath sought to win me Into his power, and modest wisdom plucks me From over-credulous haste; but God above Deal between thee and me, for even now I put myself to thy direction and Unspeak mine own detraction, here abjure The taints and blames I laid upon myself, For strangers to my nature. I am yet Unknown to woman, never was forsworn, 110 115 120 125 MACDUFF MALCOLM DOCTOR MALCOLM MACDUFF MALCOLM MACDUFF Scarcely have coveted what was mine own, At no time broke my faith, would not betray The devil to his fellow, and delight No less in truth than life. My first false speaking Was this upon myself. What I am truly Is thine, and my poor country's, to command: Whither indeed, before thy here-approach, Old Siward with ten thousand warlike men Already at a point was setting forth. Now we'll together, and the chance of goodness Be like our warranted quarrel. Why are you silent? Such welcome and unwelcome things at once, Tis hard to reconcile. Enter a DOCTOR MACBETH ACT 4 SCENE J Well, more anon. - Comes the king forth, I pray you? Ay, sir: there are a crew of wretched souls That stay his cure; their malady convinces The great assay of art, but at his touch, Such sanctity hath heaven given his hand, They presently amend. I thank you, doctor. What's the disease he means? 'Tis called the Evil. A most miraculous work in this good king, Tallis about Edward the confessor King James Which often since my here remain in England have seen him do. How he solicits was a decendant of Edward. Himself best knows, but strangely visited people being able to heal All swoll'n and ulcerous, pitiful to the eye, The mere despair of surgery, he cures, People with his louch Showing Ed in Hanging a golden stamp about their necks were connected to God People belived peaking was a good important light Put on with holy prayers, and 'tis spoken +Capable of minicales To the succeeding royalty he leaves The healing benediction. With this s strange virtue, He hath a heavenly gift of prophecy, And sundry blessings hang about his throne That speak him full of grace. Enter ROSS See who comes here. 1.35 Exit 140 145 160 MALCOLM MACDUFF MALCOLM ROSS MACDUFF ROSS MACDUFF MALCOLM ROSS MACDUFF ROSS MACDUFF ROSS MACDUFF ROSS MACDUFF ROSS MALCOLM My countryman, but yet I know him not. My ever gentle cousin, welcome hither. I know him now. Good God betimes remove The means that makes us strangers. Stands Scotland where it did? Sir, amen. Too nice, and yet too true. Almost afraid to know itself. It cannot Be called our mother, but our grave, where nothing, But who knows nothing, is once seen to smile; Where sighs, and groans, and shricks that rend the air Are made, not marked; where violent sorrow seems Why, well. Alas, poor country, modern ecstasy. The deadman's knell Is there scarce asked for who, and good men's lives Expire before the flowers in their caps, Dying or ere they sicken. O relation MACBETH ACT 4 SCENE J Mcduff learns his family have been killed That of an hour's age doth hiss the speaker; Each minute teems a new one. What's the newest grief? And all my children? How does my wife? Well, too. The tyrant has not battered at their peace? No, they were well at peace when I did leave 'em. Be not a niggard of your speech: how goes't? When I came hither to transport the tidings Which I have heavily borne, there ran a rumour Of many worthy fellows that were out, Which was to my belief witnessed the rather For that I saw the tyrant's power afoot. Now is the time of help. [To Malcolm] Your eye in Scotland Would create soldiers, make our women fight To doff their dire distresses. Be't their comfort We are coming thither. Gracious England hath Lent us good Siward and ten thousand men - 165 170 175 180 185 190 ROSS MACDUFF ROSS MACDUFF ROSS MACDUFF ROSS MALCOLM MACDUFF ROSS MACDUFF ROSS MALCOLM MACDUFF An older and a better soldier none That Christendom gives out. This comfort with the like. But I have words That would be howled out in the desert air, Where hearing should not latch them. The general cause, or is it a fee-grief Due to some single breast? Would I could answer No mind that's honest But in it shares some woe, though the main part Pertains to you alone. If it be mine, Keep it not from me; quickly let me have it. Let not your ears despise my tongue forever Which shall possess them with the heaviest sound That ever yer they heard. H'm - I guess at it. Your castle is surprised; your wife and babes Savagely slaughtered. To relate the manner Were on the quarry of these murdered deer To add the death of you. What concern they? That could be found. Merciful heaven - What, man, ne'er pull your hat upon your brows: Give sorrow words; the grief that does not speak, Whispers the o'erfraught heart and bids it break. My children too? Wife, children, servants, all My wife killed too? MACBETH ACT 4 SCENE I have said. And I must be from thence? Be comforted. Let's make us med'cines of our great revenge To cure this deadly grief. He has no children. All my pretty ones? Did you say all? O hell-kite! All? What, all my pretty chickens and their dam At one fell swoop? 105 200 205 210 215 220 MALCOLM Dispute it like a man. I shall do so: MACDUFF But I must also feel it as a man; I cannot but remember such things were That were most precious to me. Did heaven look on, And would not take their part? Sinful Macduff, They were all struck for thee. Naught that I am, Not for their own demerits but for mine, Fell slaughter on their souls. Heaven rest them now. MALCOLM Be this the whetstone of your sword, let grief Convert to anger. Blunt not the heart, enrage it. O, I could play the woman with mine eyes And braggart with my tongue. But gentle heavens, Cut short all intermission. Front to front Bring thou this fiend of Scotland and myself; Within my sword's length set him. If he scape, Heaven forgive him too. MACDUFF MALDEH -- MALCOLM This tune goes manly. Come, go we to the king; our power is ready; Our lack is nothing but our leave. Macbeth Is ripe for shaking, and the powers above Put on their instruments. Receive what cheer you may: The night is long that never finds the day. Exeunt 225 230 235 240