Interactions between Populations
A community refers to populations sharing a certain area. The different types of interspecies interactions include competition, predation (herbivory), symbiosis, parasitism, commensalism, and mutualism.
Ecosystems and Biomes
- A population comprises members of a particular species sharing the same area.
- A community consists of all living things in a specific area (only biotic).
- An ecosystem is made up of biotic and abiotic factors and can be either land-based or aquatic.
- Examples of biomes (types of land ecosystems) are tropical forests, savannas, tundras, deserts, boreal forests, etc.
- Biogeochemical Cycles include the marine, littoral, limnetic, profundal (deep-water), benthic, and flow zones of rivers and streams.
The Water Cycle
This cycle involves water transitions, including condensation, precipitation, transpiration, evaporation, infiltration, and runoff.
Matter and Energy Flow
- Primary Productivity in Ecosystems is vital, and different categories include primary producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, gross primary productivity (GPP), and net primary productivity (NPP).
- Energy flow in a marine ecosystem is also a crucial component of matter and energy flow.
Intro to Biodiversity and Biogeography
This encompasses the concept of population diversity and resilience, the theories of biodiversity, the niche theory of biodiversity, and the unified neutral theory of biodiversity and biogeography.
Humans and Ecosystems: How do Vultures Provide Ecosystem Services
Vultures play a significant role in keeping ecosystems healthy as they eliminate harmful substances in carcasses, providing a crucial ecosystem service.
Biogeography: Where Life Lives
Biogeography is the study of how animals, plants, and other organisms have come to occupy the places they do. It involves the impact of environmental change and adaptation, and the process of ecological succession.
In conclusion, understanding the components of biodiversity and biogeography is essential in comprehending the complexities of ecosystems and their resilience. The interaction between populations, the structure of communities, and the flow of energy and matter in ecosystems contribute to the preservation and sustainability of biodiversity and biogeography.
