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to other places 3. region-formal: uniformihomogenous 4functional organized around focal Point & defined by activity 4perceptvallvernacviar: defined by an informal sense of place 4.movementrelocation diffusion. expansion diffusion (stimulus, contagious, hierarchial 15. interaction /cultural ecol09Y environmental determinism LIPOSsibilism Geographic Technology and Data Global Positioning system -ressevens on earth use locations of satellites to determine location (transportation navigation) 4Remore sensing -camerasor recievers mounted to satellite to collectimage of Earth surface en Distribution: (monitoring the weather) ↳ 600. Information system (GIS) -computer system store analyzes DISPLAY digital map info (monitoreffects of pollution) La smart Phone Applications -location aware maps that gather store & use locational data from other computer devices (restaravnt suggestion) Hlustered or agglomerated are Phenomena in a group Llinarstraight line dispersed Acireviar 49eometrit random Major Models MA DrMAJOR MODELS: Describe each model and answer applicable questions-who developed it what does it help explain; when was it created: how/where is it applicable, why might reality be different from the mode!? Draw pictures if necessary. 1. Latitude, Longitude 2. GIS 3. Types of Thematic Maps (isoline, dot, proportional symbol, choropleth) LatitvariLongitude: Latitude is difiquise Nors of the cavator -Who? Hipparchus, Longitude is distance Earw of meridian Eratosthenes, Frisius - what? helps ve explain time zones, -When? 3rd century BC exact locations, stimatelscograrnafvects 1530 FYIS EG10sthenes Our regions, Prammie: Brazil where thow?help vs identify absolute locations, landmarks timezone -advantages: paper map distortions may berres erit, only Falt Equinceen (GIS) GIObalInformation system a computer system used for capturing, storing, checking, and displaying related positions on Earth-formal regions are uniform, homogel -Who? Roger comlinson is the father of GIS -when? 1963 -what? connects data to a map, integrating location information with descriptive data. Provides parterns, associatinship, geo context how/where? wis captures, stores, checks, and displays data related 10 Positions on Earth's surface. helps understand spatial patterns disadvantages: showspatial relationships but not absolutesolutions integration with a traditional map is difficult TYPES of Thematic Maps show spatial aspects of a phenomenon chlorotiin mays 150line MOPS vst various colors, vrelines that Shades, or patterne connectroints to show the location fequal valvete and distribution of delect variations spatial dag ACROSS Svace Proportional Symbol Maps vse symbols of different sizes to indicate different amounts of something. Examples & Applications Record relevant examples for concepts that apply to this unit of study. Describe each example-what is it? Why is is relevant? How does it help show/explain that concept pot Distribution mars are used tos how the specificiocation & distribution of something across a map dot certain amount Example of relative location vs absolute location Details/Explanation/Connection. relative location is relation of a Flact toother tocations, ten tical, "argetis 2 miles from walmart": absolute location is exact geogr- aphical location, longitude & latitude, Example of types of regions Details/Explanation/Connection N-- -functional regions are defined bran activity, nadal regions, Pizza delivery vernacular regionsare informal cente ot Place, perceptual, "downtown" Examples of map distortion Details/Explanation/Connection -shape, size, difference, and distance are the mar distortions shinn indifferent types of marprofections. tach prosection has strengths and weaknesses in the seaspects. Example of human-environment interaction Details/Explanation/Connection connection and exchange between humans and natural world natural resources, sustainability, landuse, built environment, evitural environment, cuervval e10 10gy environmental determinism, possibilism NAME DATE Maps, Models & Examples - UNIT z Population & Migration) Directions. Use the space below to create a detailed mental map of Unit 1. Your Mental Map should include major concepts, vocabulary, and examples. The more detailed and interconnected the better. To get you started some ideas have been pre-recorded for you. You will need to add more topics and make connections by drawing lines. Use color and highlighter as necessary to make important ideas stand out. crude birth rate is the number of live births per year foreach (000 people social stratification. The hierarchial division ofreople into groves based on factors such as economic total fertility rate is the aver. status, power.ethnicity age number of children who would be born per woman of that grovpingt. Infant mortalitrate is the number of children who die before their 1st birthday Lift tatctancy is the average number of years inat people live crver drath rate is the number of deaths per Yearfor each 1000 pe OPIC ratt of natural increase is the Perceritage at which a country'S POP- viation is growing or dechining KNI (BR-CDK) -10 RVIT 0 10 is for population doubling time=10/annual growth percentage vare Demographic Transition Midt(DTM) shows 5 typicg). stages of pervation thange that countries experience as they modernize high moderate Population Growth IOW Population Density - measure of the average Peviation per square millor kilometer of area, meacules crowd Arithmetic: calculated by dividing a region's Popviation by its tot ar avea Physiological: calculated by dividing pop- viation by the amout of arabic land gricultural:compares the number of farmers t0 The area of arable land (Mor & than LDC ↑) stager St4 962 early Stage 3 High Stationary PXvand ravand Population & Migration Types of Migration the difference between them is het migration Immigration is migration 10 emigration ismigration from Internal is movement within a country merhational is oviside Interregional is moving between regions in country intraresional is moving withing region voluntary is choren Forted has been sompelled to move by cultural or economic factors Chain occurs when people migrate to be with other people who migrated who they felt linkage to step Migration age sex composition grOPS abo known as a porviation pyramid A the porviation is growing stage4 เอ stationary total population natural increase natural decrease Stage S declining movement to a distant destination that occurs in stages, example of this is carm to village to townite city Major Models MMAJOR MODELS: Describe each model-what does it help explain: how/where is it applicable, why might reality be different from the model? Draw pictures if necessary. 1. Population Pyramids 2. Demographic Transition Model (this is in diation the previous pages 3 Epidemiologic Transition Model 4 Ravenstein's Laws of Migration 5. Zelinsky Model of Migration Transition what? shows the age andsex demo- graphics of a partilvigrarea how/where? used to compare differences between males and femalt piviationsinan area Khi reality differ? hard to dist- ingvish contribution of different demographic processes in the Structure, numbers may be to big for accurate displaY Ravenstein's LAWS OF 4Most migrants travel ONLY a short distance. The further Places are quart, the less likely it is in they will migrate there. This phenomenonis called distance decay → they more often travel to Vrban areas as opposed to vvrgl areas because there are more opportunities, especi- ally is an economic aspect Sitionmog distributions in relalig La describes changing patiens of POTulation to changing Parters of mortality, life- expectancy, and leading causes of death biredeat per 100 S 40!461blm nach preina interrvrar stages 3 within a country depends claims that the type of migration that occurS nits deye torment level and society tv ve Fatal POP time bitrate arath rate Stage 3,4 Vib-tur interviban Stage 3 stage4 TVT-W6 Examples & Applications Record relevant examples for concepts that apply to this unit of study. Describe each example-what is it? Why is is relevant? How does it help show/explain that concept? Example of how to use a population pyramid Details/Explanation/Connection. narrow base shows low birth ratt gs smalinvinsers OF children are born, harrowing baseindicalesy fallins highhite expectancy. birth rate. bread the indicates vertical 10 deathvar Example of push/pull migration factors Details/Explanation/Connection -Push eactors discourage migration, and makt want to leave, examples. are wartarea persecution -PVIl factors encourage migration to a place and may include economic promise Example of voluntary and involuntary migration Details/Explanation/Connection -rojuntary migration is move mentby choice and may incival ingin and stev migration -involuntary migration is forced (syrian criwar) Example of refugees Details/Explanation/Connection include as many known details as possible -syrian civil war -Vkraine (RUSSIA) Afghanistan Taliban -venezvel9 -South Sudan -central African Republic NAME DATE Maps, Models & Examples - UNI (Cultural Geography) Directions. Use the space below to create a detailed mental map of the unit Your Mental Map should include major concepts, vocabulary and examples The more detailed and interconnected the better. To get you started some ideas have been pre-recorded for you. You will need to add more topics and make connections by drawing lines. Use color and highlighter as necessary to make important ideas stand out Nationality -Identity with a group of people that Share 1991 attachment and Peronal quegiance to d Particular FIQCE DC born ther La connection to a country Ethnicity ethnicity refers to meme- evship within a group of People who have common exve- riences and share similar charac teristics like sheestry or language" -Cinicenciaves are clusters of ppt same Cultural (mvitivie (viivral regions = acvitor ream) ethnic islands are formed by the ethnic concentrations in rural areas Patterns I Forcest -(vitural landscape is the boundaries of a region that reflect the human imprint on the environment -built environment includesthe Physical artifacts that humans Religion (eneran ethnic religion are felice traditions ther emphasize strong cultural Characteristics among foLLOWERS Mindys(polytheistic, karma, castel Vniversal religion actively seeks converts to its faith regardless of their previove ethnic backgrounds part of the landstare acCulturation is theadoption Of Cultural traits, such as language, by one group underintinfivence of another group assimilation happens When an ethnic group can no longer be distinguished from the reciering grow -Syncretism is the fusion or blending of two distinct- ive cultural trails into q sniqve new hybrid trait 4homogenization 47610balization Piactlessness McDongidization CULTURE PERIOD: - religion (specific) Hindvism includes polytheistic, caste systems, and karma Buddhism grew out of teachings 06 Siddhartha, meditation, four noble truths, fightfold pain, mindfullness, enlightenment, nirvana -Sikhism Place of worship is Language www have created and that form singua franca is a common langvage calitda qurdwara and followers vsed by Propit who do not share the same native language (English often) -siang is words used informally by a segment of the ForVigtion Pidgin language is q simplified mixture of two languages crediglanguage=gnew combined lang. digieces are regional variations of a langvageisestesses are the boundaries between variations in pronunciations N or word usages adages are savings that attempt to express a truth about life can provide insight to a place. -40 Ponyms are the names of places that VS vally arrend once a week Judaism was among the first monotheistic faiths, sens believe that writing the torgh expres es divine will christianity Jesus was the Son of God and the savior of the human world Islam Muslims believe that Allah revealed ms teach- ings tohumans through a series of prophets •The unifving language of Latin divided. into dozens of distinct regional langu ages, known as, Roman lahy vages, most vanished but Portuguese, spanish, French, Italian, Romanian Major Models MAJOR MODELS: Describe each model-what does it help MAxplain; how/where is it applicable; why might reality be hodifferent from the model? Draw pictures if necessary. 1. Diffusion S-Curve 2. Language Tree 1. Diffusions-curve adopters time -applicable in trends or habits-reality may be different based on. Specific characteristics. of target POPViation 2. Langvagit Tree SinoTibetan -langvagetree is designed as a genealogical representation of languages -It is applicable when trying 10 find the origin or roots of creation for new or existing languages -reality might differ from model because it is extremely difficult to Pinpoint the exact beginnings of every single language Record relevant examples for concepts that apply to this unit of study. Describe each example-what is it? Why is is relevant? How does it help show/explain that concept? Example of three types of expansion diffusion (stimulus, hierarchical, contagious) Examples & Applications •stimvivs- when an underlying idea from arriture hearth is adopted by another but the adopting grourmod- ifies on rejects one trait hierarchial-spread of culture outward from centers of wealth or inelvence contagious-when culture is spread Continuously outward from its hearth through contact among people Example of cultural imperialism (language) Details/Explanation/Connection: -the dominance of one culture over another -English is example in Language TV Programming fast food chains 17 Pou music GHOLLYWood films Example of universalizing and ethnic religions Details/Explanation/Connection: -Universalizing-belief systems universal populationil eligeable christianity ethnic-religion associated witha particviar ethnic group 4 Hindrism Example of ethnic cleansing or genocide Details/Explanation/Connection -ethnic cleansingl genoerde - the attempt to get rid of members can vAwanted ethnic gVOVE to establish homogenous area ↳ Holocaust ↳ Greece and Turkey (ottaman Refugees & Muslims) Example of monotheistic and polytheistic religions Details/Explanation/Connection -monotherstic-worship of one God christianity 471s1am Judaism - volytheistic-worship of many Goas 4 Hinduism Lashintoism Example of inter and intrafaith boundary Details/Explanation/Connection. -intereaithroundaries-boundaries between the world's major faiths (Christian, Mushm. and Buddhism) intrafaith boundary - the boundaries within a major religion NAME DATE Maps, Models & Examples - UNI (Political Geography) Directions Use the space below to create a detailed mental map of the unit. Your Mental Map should include major concepts, vocabulary and examples. The more detailed and interconnected the better. To get you started some ideas have been pre-recorded for you You will need to add more topics and make connections by drawing lines. Use color and highlighter as necessary to make important ideas stand out Ethnonationalism & (thnonationalism: a form of nation- alism in which the "nation" is Territory territory is an area of land controlled by a nation conflict often a result of territoriality a country's or more ethnonationalism or Tocal community's sense of property fight over natu- and attachment toward its territory, val resources as expressed by its determination to keep it inviolable and strongly defended vnitary state is an inter- national organization of a state that places most power in the hands of central governme officials example: Franc which has the unit of government called the department Fragmented store is a state that includer several discontinuous pieces of territory -can also be viewed as a form of not defined in terms of ethnicity ionalism in which the nation is defined in terms of ethnicity ("nation") Boundaries & Frontiers- Boundary is an invisible line that marks the extent of a states territory (or territories) Gexample: the boundary that/ separates the united States and canada into diff countries Frontier is a zone separating two states in which neither stare exercises a politica, control over it example: frontiers on the arabian peninsula. Which Currently remain between savdi Arabia, Yemen, and the United Arab Emirates PERIOD: POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY Colonialism/Imperialism Colonialismm refers to the process by which one nation exercises near complete control over another country which they have settled and taken over. Often, the governing country uses the colony for its resources, taking what is useful without regard to the original inhabitants of the area. imperialism is forceevt extension of a nation's authority by conquest or by est- ablishing economic and Political domination of other nations that aren't its colonies colonization example: evropean colonization of Africa and Asia imperialism example: French control of vietham from the mid to late 1800s indonesia is a fragmented state that is separated by water. Which consists of 13,677 Major Models/Theories MAJOR MODELS: Describe each model-what does it help explain; how/where is it applicable; why might Mareality be different from the model? Draw pictures if necessary. 1. Organic Theory 2. Mackinder Heartland Theory Domino Theory 4 Rimland Theory 5. Core-Periphery Model organis Theory is the idea that countries behave like organisms in that they seek nutrition to survive the nutrition in this case is land territory Markinden Hoqution Theory Mackinder thought that whoever controlled Eastern Evrope (known as the Heartland) would control the rest of the world Domino Theory the idea that if one land in a resión came under the infivence of communists, then more follow in a domino effect Examples & Applications Record relevant examples for concepts that apply to this unit of study. Describe each example-what is it? Why is is relevant? How does it help show/explain that concept? Core-Periphery Modele describes regions as core, semi-periphery, and periphery areas. Model can be used from a worldwide scale down to an vrban Scale to analyze city zones Example of ethnonational conflict Details/Explanation/Connection -conflict between two or more contending ethnic grovVS LBOKONS ↳kwanda 4chechnya 4 Iraq indonesia Lybartur 4Sri Lanka ↳ India Example of stateless nation 40azastrip Lisrael Details/Explanation/Connection ·anation of people without a state that it considers home 4kVrds 4Hmong LyBasaves Gpalestinians Rimland Theory theory that the domin-1.political Boundary ation of the coastal fringes of Evrasig -limits of stare fervit. LUS & Canada border (the "rimiana") would provide the base for2. Frontier world conavest (not the "heartland") Example of three types of boundaries Details/Explanation/Connection -neither has political control savdi Arabia + vemen 3. Geometric Boundary -vsesiongit& latitvar 449th paralle Example of centripetal and centrifugal forces Details/Explanation/Connection centripetal force exam pies 4shared/common history 4shared langvast governmentlegitimacy centrifugal force.examples Ginternal conflict Ggeographil impediment Example of six shapes of states Details/Explanation/Connection: perforated-surroundcenciave tx:south Africa, Italy cumpact-caval center to border 4ex: Poland, Romania protruded-one part Stickovt Hex Thailand, Namibia elongated-thinkiong Hex vilinamNOIWAY fragmenttt-VSA bievreutate 2 equal parks Example of colonialism Michigan Details/Explanation/Connection control of tervitory already occupied & ¡genous grou organized by an ind. GEVIORE Colonize Africa&Asia NAME: Maps, Models & Examples - UNIT 5 (Agriculture & Rural Land Use) Directions: Use the space below to create a detailed mental map of the unit. Your Mental Map should include major concepts, vocabulary, and examples. The more detailed and interconnected the better. To get you started....some ideas have been pre-recorded for you. You will need to add more topics and make connections by drawing lines. Use color and highlighter as necessary to make important ideas stand out, involve the sale of agricultural products off of the farm (out) DATE Types of Farming Genetically Modified organism Agricultural Revolution 4(GMO)organisms whose genes - the slow change from Subsistence Farming have been modified to increase hunter and gather societies move based agricultural products for things such as control over ones through the gradual under- use by the farm family (in) it, predictability, and standing of seeds, watering, & care commercial Farming does efficiency. patterns intby Agriculture- carrying capacity is the largest, Pobviation that an environ- ment can support at any given time deforestation is the loss or destruction of forests, mainly for logging or farming desertification lower and productivity caused by over farming, overgrazing, seasonal. Agriculture & Rural Land Use Farming practices Literrace farming is the evtting of steps into the m- ountains that allowed for more agriculture PERIOD birrigation a system that supplies dry land with water streams for farming through ditches, pipes, or 4Slash-and-burn is a rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology, especially new high-Vield seeds and fertilizers The Green Revolution was a response to an exponential increase in the global human vopviation (2.5 billion in 1950 to 6 billion in 2000) A advances in technology that allowed for the mass prod- vction of chemical fertilizers by the production increases fortered by the Green Revo- ition are often credited with having helped to avoid widespread famine, and for feeding billions of people Loccured in India and was initiated in the 1960s drough, and climate change farming technique in which neocolonialism is the continuation of colonial exploitation in a former colony without formal political control all of the frees in an areq are cut down and burned to clear and fertilize land Major Models/Theories MAJOR MODELS: Describe each model-what does it help explain; how/where is it applicable, why might reality be different from the model? Draw pictures if necessary. Wire 1. Von Thunen Agricultural Location Theory Ester Boserup's Theory Boserup argves that POPVIation growth is inder- endent of food SUPPLY and that von Thunen Agricvi La histheory concluded that farm products would be grown in a series of concentric zones outward from the central. marketplace and the cost of trans-market Porting different farm products to the city center determined the rural use of the land surrounding the city FOOD SUPPLY +o+as POP Examples & Applications Record relevant examples for concepts that apply to this unit of study. Describe each example-what is it? Why is is relevant? How does it help show/explain that concept? Popriation increase is a cause of changes in agricultural. The principal means of increasing agricultural output is intensification. Example of commercial agriculture Details/Explanation/Connection: agribusiness is a very large and po- werful sector in' a country's food based economil han example is smithfield POVK Example of subsistence farming Details/Explanation/Connection La family growing grain and vring it to make enovin bread for themselves but not to sell Example of causes of the Green Revolution Details/Explanation/Connection: response to an exponential increase in the global human polation beginning to adopt new tech- погоду Example of effects of Green Revolution Details/Explanation/Connection: ↳ fertilizers high Vielding variety of seeds Plant Protection Gresearch new technigice Example of sustainable agricultural practices Detalls/Explanation/Connection 4shifting (Vitivationto improve nutrients 47 Swidden mayrevive 4 irresning for prover Sustainability of crop Crow development 4 crop rotation can Example of agricultural hearth • restore essential nutrients Details/Explanation/Connection: southwest Asia was the agricultural hearth for barley and wheat PERIOD: DATE: Maps, Models & Examples - UNIT 6 (Industri ization & Economic Development) Directions: Use the space below to create a detailed mental map of the unit Your Mental Map should include major concepts, vocabulary, and examples. The more detailed and interconnected the better To get you started some ideas have been pre-recorded for you You will need to add more topics and make connections by drawing lines Use color and highlighter as necessary to make important ideas stand out. Industrialization NAME Types of Jobs/Job Sectors comprised of four sectors in the area surrounding a central 1. Primary sector of the Place, from which peopIC tronomy extracts or hav- vests products from the earth are attracted to vse 2. Secondary sector of the econ. the place's goods omy manufactures finished goods and services All of the manufacturing, processing, and construction lie within this rector 3. Tertiary sector of the economy is the service industry farming (ex) 4. Qvetrynary sector of the econom y consists of intellectual activites Market Political patterns & trends periphery includes the move developed countries like Germany & Russia semiperiphery is avove the core level, but a great deal below the veriphery Algeria is a country that demonstrates colonialism is the policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it, but primarily in economic aspect. Imperialism is a policy extending a country's power, dominance, as well as infivence through diplomacy or military FORCE definition: the process in which a society or country Torworld) fransforms itself from a primarily agricultural society into one based on the man- vracturing of goods and services industrial Revolution was a period of rapid development of industry that Started in Great Britain in the Jatt eighteenth and nine- teenth centuries 47 example: european colonization of Asia & Africe Industry & Economic Development Additional cost inclusions abor costs are the surs of all wages paid to employees, and their benefits Market costs are the total costs asso- ciated wi delivery Transport- AtION COCES moring produc or assets international aspects 4 Globalization is a process of inter- action and integration amongine different nations, a process aviven by people, companies & governments of international trade and investment and aided by information technology. An example of this is the internet international Trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories, which could involve the activities of the government and individual. In most Countries, such trade represents a significant share of gross domestic product (GDP) Lexample: NAFTA Major Models/Theories MAJOR MODELS: Describe each model-what does it help explain; how/where is it applicable, why might reality be different from the model? Draw pictures if necessary. Weber's Least Cost Theory of Industrial Location Dependency Theory Core-Periphery Model 4. Wallerstein's World Systems Analysis S Rostow's Modernization Model 1 2 3. Examples & Applications Record relevant examples for concepts that apply to this unit of study. Describe each example-what is it? Why is is relevant? How does it help show/explain that concept? Example of primary, secondary, and tertiary sector jobs Details/Explanation/Connection -primary extracts& harvests products from the Earth denotes that industry is situated within the area where the costs of transporting raw materials and the final outputs are minimal. Weber attempted to the role of transportation costs when choosing the location ofing. are highly dependent on foreign factories and technol- holds that less developed countries ogies from more developed countries to provide structure core-peri Periphery, and periphery areas. This model can be used Mode describes regions as core, semi- from a world widescate down to an urban scare to analyze city zones Moc-cove, Loc=periphery Wallenstein's the world is one interconnected collection of nations ems Analysis says that and states that, due to the initial wave of European colonialism in the late 15th & 16th centuries, is dom--bulk-losing inated by economic centers in Evrove and North America Lindustry where Kostow's modernization Model argues that through increased investment, increased exposure to modenized, western society, and changes in traditional culture & vaives, societies will become more highly developed -secondary manu- factures finished goods -tertiary is the service industry avaternary EX consists of intellectual activities less than the final product weighs Example of attempts to improve economic development Details/Explanation/Connection: Example of LDCs and MDCs Details/Explanation/Connection: -LOC List La Afghanistan Bangladesh Example of weight-gaining and ↳ Burundi weight-losing industries Details/Explanation/Connection- ↳cambodia ·SVIK-gaining Lindustry where -MDC List final products weighs LRussiq United states more than the input to switzerland Example of globalization Details/Explanation/Connection input materials Example of a technopole Details/Explanation/Connection: hacenter of high tech manufacturing and information based industry hereating new jobs avality of life Whigher taxpayers 4good property use wpromote assers se more product 4modern day digital technologies Grapidiransportation 4 increased comm- vnication at an international lever NAME Maps, Models & Examples - UNIT7 Cities & Urban Lana use, Directions: Use the space below to create a detailed mental map of the unit. Your Mental Map should include major concepts, vocabulary and examples. The more detailed and interconnected the better. To get you started some ideas have been pre-recorded for you. You will need to add more topics and make connections by drawing lines. Use color and highlighter as necessary to make important ideas stand out Types of Cities Urban Challenges by a process by which real estate agents 1. roronial city are established by colonizing empires as adminis- growth and declint, convine whitt property owners to sevi frative centers. (an existing city has challenges: housing & ins- their hovies at low prices because of their infrastructure completelyoveriak vrance unfairness, affordability will soon move into starthat black families 2. Evropean City were mostly developed access to stores/services, gentrificat. during the Medievil period and that ret- -urban sustainability issues: the neighborhood ain many of the same characteristics such as Suburban sprawi, sanitation, air and Extreme density of narrow, or hate buildings water quality, climate change, energy and high walls for defense vie, ecological footprint of cities 3.Fevdal city arose during the Middir Ages and that actually representa time of relative stagnation of vrban growth (indentured servants, 4. Gateway city that, because of their geographic location, act as ports of entry and distribution centers for large gea- graphic centers (NYG, LA, TOKYOJ owe their structure to their religious 5.15lamic (ity in Muslim countries that ↳ the invitations of older, centrally located working class heighborhoods by higher income, households seeking the Character and convenienc Of less expensive and well-located residences -example:changes in jlanduse, like from industrial and to restaurants + stores Cities & Urban Land Use -CBD(central business district) is the area of a city where retail and office activities are civitered - census tract is an area delineated by the us BVYEQV of the census for which statistics are Published by them ations of tif early cities are cities of the ancient world modele bedge city is a large mode of office and retail activities on the edge of an urban area beliefs. Mosqves at center, walls at ver- imeter, bazaars, courtyards. 5. Latin American city owe much of their structure to colonialism, rapid rise of industrialization, and continual rapid increases in porviation 7. Primate city is a country's legding rity, with a population that is diser- apertionately greater than the other vroan areas within the same countr emerging city is a city currently without much population but increasing in size at a castrate Major Models/Theories MAJOR MODELS: Describe each model-what does It help explain; how/where is it applicable; why might reality be different from the model Oraw pictures if necessary. 1 2 3. 4 5 6 Rank-Size Rule Christaller's Central Place Theory-based on his idea that settlements oWY Borchert's Model of Urban Evolution existed to function as central places that Concentric Zone Urban Land Use Model (AKA Burgess Model) Provide for SVEYOviding areas Bid-Rent Curve Sector Land Use Model (AKA Hoyt Model) Multiple-Nuclei Land Use Model (AKA Harris & Ullman Model country are placed big to small, each one will have a population Urban Realms Model (AKA Vance Model) Latin American City Structure Model (AKA the Ford-Criffin Model) Inth size of the largest city 441 DVE-focuses on the development of cities in relation to the development of transport + communication enericetoner-states that the concentric circies are based on the amount of people that will pay forland Bid-rent curve-a geographical economic theory that refers to how the price and demand on real estate changes as the distance towards the CBD increases sector and Vic Model-is a modification of the concent- Viczone model, this application is beneficial because it allows for an oveward progression of growth 7 8 9 Mode illustrates that even though an urban center may have been founded with a (BD, other smaller CBD's evolve on the outskirts of the lity near the more high-class noviing areas amodel of urban ecology which argues that merrovalises are composed of several separate inde- Pendent market areas *Latin American city structure Modelin detail on page prior to this one* Examples & Applications Record relevant examples for concepts that apply to this unit of study. Describe each example-what is it? Why is is relevant? How does it help show/explain that concept? Example of a world city Details/Explanation/Connection bhighest ranked model service to areq 1. New YorK 2. TOKYO 3. London Example of megacity Details/Explanation/ Connection 4 diagram that FOCUSES ON 3 distinct CBD'S and ernnic nature of resid- Details/Explanation/Connectional zone in a very large ba city that has and growing, PORVIATION Example of the multiplier effect Details/Explanation/Connection describes expansion of an area's econo- mic base as q result of the basic an non basic industries Example of unique feature of Sub-Saharan African city Example of unique feature of Islamic city model Details/Explanation/Connection formerEvrope cinia Example of unique feature of European city model Details/Explanation/ Connection: adjusted for high densit is festvies city wans Haccomad aid Middle Ages 014 Vrbansvfrem Example of unique feature of southeast Asia city model Details/Explanation/ Connection feature with class residential zones that warm climates and irttit rain- tall characterize while archictecille stem from th to recrect sunlight center