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Amazing Technological Innovations from 1450 to 1750: Exploring Maritime and Land Empires

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Bailey Gowen

11/2/2023

AP World History

1450-1700 Unit 4

Amazing Technological Innovations from 1450 to 1750: Exploring Maritime and Land Empires

The period from 1450 to 1750 saw significant technological innovations and maritime exploration that reshaped global trade and power dynamics. European nations developed new naval technologies and established maritime empires, leading to the Columbian Exchange and profound economic and demographic changes worldwide.

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11/2/2023

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AP World History

291

Nov 2, 2023

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Amazing Technological Innovations from 1450 to 1750: Exploring Maritime and Land Empires

B

Bailey Gowen

@aileyowen_iyjn

The period from 1450 to 1750 saw significant technological innovationsand maritime exploration that reshaped global trade and power dynamics. European nations developed new naval technologies and established maritime empires, leading to the Columbian Exchange and profound economic and demographic... Show more

WORLD HISTORY-1450-1700-UNITY
4. TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS
KEY CONCEPTS
Unit 3.A Explain how cross-cultural interactions resulted in
the dif

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Technological Innovations and Maritime Empires (1450-1750)

This period marked a significant era of technological advancement and maritime exploration, reshaping global trade and power dynamics. European nations, particularly Portugal, Spain, and later England, France, and the Netherlands, developed new naval technologies and established far-reaching maritime empires.

Key developments included:

  • Improved shipbuilding techniques, resulting in vessels like the caravel and carrack
  • Enhanced navigation tools and knowledge of wind patterns
  • State-sponsored transoceanic exploration
  • Establishment of global trading networks and colonial empires
  • The Columbian Exchange, which dramatically altered ecosystems and economies worldwide

Highlight: The technological innovations of this period facilitated unprecedented global connectivity, laying the groundwork for the modern world economy.

Technological Innovations

European nations made significant strides in maritime technology, drawing on knowledge from classical, Islamic, and Asian sources. These advancements included:

  • New ship designs like the caravel, carrack, and fluyt
  • Improved navigation tools and techniques
  • Better understanding of wind and current patterns

Vocabulary: Caravel - A compact Portuguese ship with square and lateen sails, capable of traveling further and faster than previous designs.

Vocabulary: Carrack - A large Portuguese ship with substantial cargo capacity.

Vocabulary: Fluyt - A Dutch ship design known for its large cargo capacity, low cost, and light weight.

Exploration and Maritime Empires

State-sponsored maritime exploration led to the establishment of new trade routes and colonial empires. Key events and developments included:

  • Portuguese exploration of African coasts and establishment of a trading post empire
  • Spanish sponsorship of Columbus's voyages, leading to increased European interest in transoceanic travel
  • English, French, and Dutch expeditions seeking alternative routes to Asia

Example: Christopher Columbus, an Italian navigator sponsored by Spain, sought a westward route to Asia but instead initiated European contact with the Americas.

The Columbian Exchange

The connection between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres resulted in a massive exchange of plants, animals, and diseases, known as the Columbian Exchange. This had profound effects on both sides of the Atlantic:

  • Spread of diseases like smallpox, measles, and malaria to the Americas, devastating indigenous populations
  • Introduction of American crops e.g.,potatoes,maizee.g., potatoes, maize to Eurasia and Africa
  • Transfer of Eurasian domesticated animals and crops to the Americas

Definition: The Columbian Exchange refers to the widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds following Columbus's voyages.

Economic and Labor Systems

The establishment of maritime empires led to significant changes in economic and labor systems:

  • Development of plantation economies in the Americas
  • Introduction of new labor systems, including chattel slavery and indentured servitude
  • Disruption and restructuring of existing trade networks, particularly in the Indian Ocean

Highlight: The Asante Empire and the Kingdom of Kongo in Africa saw increased influence due to their participation in new global trading networks.

This period of technological innovation and maritime exploration set the stage for the modern global economy and had lasting impacts on societies worldwide.

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This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

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Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

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I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️

Thomas R

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Brad T

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David K

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Sudenaz Ocak

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Greenlight Bonnie

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Aubrey

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Marco B

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THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

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This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!

Paul T

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