Definition: Synovial fluid is a lubricating substance secreted by the synovial membrane that lines joint cavities.

Example: Ball and socket joints, found in shoulders and hips, allow for extensive range of motion.

Vocabulary: Bursae are fluid-filled sacs located between muscles, tendons, ligaments, and bones that reduce friction during movement.

Highlight: Types of bone fractures and their characteristics include greenstick, closed/simple, open/compound, comminuted, and stress fractures.

Definition: Osteomyelitis is a bone infection that can affect all parts of the bone, resulting from injury or systemic infection.

Highlight: Osteoporosis is often referred to as a "silent disease" due to its asymptomatic progression until fractures occur.

Example: The appendicular skeleton includes upper extremities (shoulder girdles, arms, wrists, hands) and lower extremities (hip girdles, legs, ankles, feet).

Vocabulary: Kyphosis refers to an abnormal spinal curvature resulting in a hunchback appearance.

Definition: Osteocytes are mature bone cells that form the fundamental structural units of bone tissue.

Vocabulary: Hematopoiesis refers to the formation of blood cells, a crucial function occurring within bone marrow.

Example: Long bones, such as those found in upper and lower limbs, consist of a diaphysis (shaft) and epiphyses (ends).

Highlight: The axial skeleton, comprising the skull, spinal column, ribs, and sternum, forms the central framework of the body.