Definition: Polysaccharides are long chains of monosaccharides connected by glycosidic linkages through dehydration synthesis.

Vocabulary: Glycosidic linkages are chemical bonds that join monosaccharides together to form larger carbohydrate molecules.

Example: Plant polysaccharides include cellulose found in cell walls and starch stored in roots and tubers like potatoes.

Highlight: Glycogen serves as the primary carbohydrate storage molecule in animals, particularly in liver and muscle tissue.

Quote: "Cellulose provides structural support in plant cell walls but is not digestible by animals."

Definition: Carbohydrates are biological molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, typically following the general formula CH₂O.

Vocabulary: Monosaccharides are simple sugars that form single carbon rings and serve as the basic building blocks of more complex carbohydrates.

Example: Common monosaccharides include glucose, galactose, and fructose, which are the simplest forms of sugar that the human body can metabolize.

Highlight: The human body can only utilize sugars in their monosaccharide form, requiring enzymatic breakdown of more complex carbohydrates.

Quote: "The human body relies on enzymes to break down disaccharides into monosaccharides that we can use."