Definition: Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration, occurring in the cell's cytosol, where glucose molecules are broken down into pyruvate through an anaerobic process.

Example: During glycolysis, high-energy electrons are captured by NAD+ to form NADH, storing energy for later use.

Highlight: An exergonic process releases energy, typically converting high-energy molecules into lower-energy forms while conserving energy in NADH and ATP bonds.

Definition: The Krebs cycle is a series of oxidation reactions that produce ATP, NADH, and FADH₂ while releasing CO₂.

Highlight: The electron transport chain produces 34 ATP molecules, accounting for 90% of the body's ATP production.

Example: The process involves electrons being transferred from NADH and FADH₂ down the electron transport chain, with oxygen serving as the final electron acceptor.

Definition: ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is an organic molecule containing high-energy phosphate bonds that serves as the primary energy currency for cellular functions.

Highlight: The cellular respiration equation can be written as: C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP

Vocabulary: A catabolic pathway refers to a series of reactions that break down complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy in the process.