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What's the Deal with Immunity: Active vs. Passive and COVID Vaccines Explained

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Bianca Stratford

2/19/2023

Biology

Immunity and Vaccinations

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Genes, Proteins, and Cells

What's the Deal with Immunity: Active vs. Passive and COVID Vaccines Explained

Active and passive immunity explained in this comprehensive guide on immunity and vaccinations, covering how COVID-19 vaccines like Moderna and Pfizer work, as well as the benefits of vaccinations and herd immunity.

Key points:

  • Two types of immunity: active and passive
  • Active immunity involves the body's own immune response
  • Passive immunity comes from receiving antibodies from another source
  • Vaccinations stimulate active immunity without causing disease
  • COVID-19 mRNA vaccines use innovative technology to trigger immune response
  • Herd immunity protects vulnerable populations through widespread vaccination
...

2/19/2023

17

• There are two types of immunity: active and passive. Immunity Active Immunity → Active immunity is when by an antigen. . There are two typ

View

How COVID-19 Vaccines Work and Herd Immunity

This page delves into the mechanics of COVID-19 vaccines, particularly the mRNA vaccines developed by Moderna and Pfizer/BioNTech. It also introduces the concept of herd immunity.

The mRNA vaccines use lipid nanoparticles to deliver genetic instructions for producing the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. This triggers an immune response, preparing the body to fight off future infections.

Vocabulary: Herd immunity is a form of indirect protection from infectious diseases that occurs when a sufficient percentage of a population becomes immune, reducing the likelihood of infection for non-immune individuals.

Key features of a successful vaccination program include:

  1. Economic availability of the vaccine
  2. Minimal side effects
  3. Proper production, storage, and transportation
  4. Effective administration
  5. Ability to vaccinate the majority of the vulnerable population

Highlight: Herd immunity helps protect vulnerable groups who cannot be vaccinated by reducing the overall spread of the virus in the population.

• There are two types of immunity: active and passive. Immunity Active Immunity → Active immunity is when by an antigen. . There are two typ

View

Herd Immunity and Vaccine Controversies

This page further explores herd immunity and addresses controversies surrounding vaccines, particularly the MMR vaccine.

Herd immunity against measles requires about 95% of a population to be vaccinated. The remaining 5% are protected by the reduced spread of the disease among vaccinated individuals.

Example: The MMR vaccine, which protects against measles, mumps, and rubella, is 97% effective.

Highlight: A controversial 1998 study suggested a link between the MMR vaccine and autism. However, the vast majority of scientists have since discredited this claim.

The page emphasizes the importance of widespread vaccination to achieve herd immunity and protect vulnerable populations who cannot be vaccinated.

Quote: "With herd immunity, the vast majority of a population are vaccinated, lowering the overall amount of virus able to spread in the whole population."

This comprehensive overview underscores the critical role of vaccines in public health and the ongoing importance of scientific research in addressing vaccine safety and efficacy.

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Biology

Genes, Cells, and Organisms

Genes, Proteins, and Cells

Genes, Proteins, and Cells

 

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Feb 19, 2023

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3 pages

What's the Deal with Immunity: Active vs. Passive and COVID Vaccines Explained

user profile picture

Bianca Stratford

@biancastratford

Active and passive immunity explained in this comprehensive guide on immunity and vaccinations, covering how COVID-19 vaccines like Moderna and Pfizer work, as well as the benefits of vaccinations and herd immunity.

Key points:

  • Two types of immunity:... Show more

• There are two types of immunity: active and passive. Immunity Active Immunity → Active immunity is when by an antigen. . There are two typ

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

How COVID-19 Vaccines Work and Herd Immunity

This page delves into the mechanics of COVID-19 vaccines, particularly the mRNA vaccines developed by Moderna and Pfizer/BioNTech. It also introduces the concept of herd immunity.

The mRNA vaccines use lipid nanoparticles to deliver genetic instructions for producing the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. This triggers an immune response, preparing the body to fight off future infections.

Vocabulary: Herd immunity is a form of indirect protection from infectious diseases that occurs when a sufficient percentage of a population becomes immune, reducing the likelihood of infection for non-immune individuals.

Key features of a successful vaccination program include:

  1. Economic availability of the vaccine
  2. Minimal side effects
  3. Proper production, storage, and transportation
  4. Effective administration
  5. Ability to vaccinate the majority of the vulnerable population

Highlight: Herd immunity helps protect vulnerable groups who cannot be vaccinated by reducing the overall spread of the virus in the population.

• There are two types of immunity: active and passive. Immunity Active Immunity → Active immunity is when by an antigen. . There are two typ

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Herd Immunity and Vaccine Controversies

This page further explores herd immunity and addresses controversies surrounding vaccines, particularly the MMR vaccine.

Herd immunity against measles requires about 95% of a population to be vaccinated. The remaining 5% are protected by the reduced spread of the disease among vaccinated individuals.

Example: The MMR vaccine, which protects against measles, mumps, and rubella, is 97% effective.

Highlight: A controversial 1998 study suggested a link between the MMR vaccine and autism. However, the vast majority of scientists have since discredited this claim.

The page emphasizes the importance of widespread vaccination to achieve herd immunity and protect vulnerable populations who cannot be vaccinated.

Quote: "With herd immunity, the vast majority of a population are vaccinated, lowering the overall amount of virus able to spread in the whole population."

This comprehensive overview underscores the critical role of vaccines in public health and the ongoing importance of scientific research in addressing vaccine safety and efficacy.

• There are two types of immunity: active and passive. Immunity Active Immunity → Active immunity is when by an antigen. . There are two typ

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Immunity and Vaccinations: Understanding Active and Passive Protection

This page introduces the key concepts of active and passive immunity, highlighting their differences and mechanisms.

Active immunity occurs when the body's immune system produces antibodies in response to an antigen. There are two types:

  1. Natural active immunity: Acquired by catching a disease
  2. Artificial active immunity: Obtained through vaccination

Passive immunity involves receiving pre-made antibodies from another source. It can be:

  1. Natural: A baby receiving antibodies from its mother
  2. Artificial: Injection of antibodies from another person

Definition: Vaccination is the introduction of disease antigens into the body to stimulate an immune response against a particular disease.

Highlight: Active immunity produces memory cells, leading to long-term protection, while passive immunity offers immediate but short-term protection.

Example: The COVID-19 vaccines, such as those from Pfizer and Moderna, stimulate active immunity by introducing harmless versions of the virus's spike protein.

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This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

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Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍

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The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

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I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend

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Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀

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Elisha

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This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!

Paul T

iOS user

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️

Thomas R

iOS user

Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades

Brad T

Android user

Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend

Aubrey

iOS user

Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀

Marco B

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!

Paul T

iOS user