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May 21, 2023
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Fun with Science: Discover the 7 Steps of the Scientific Method!
Crafting Testable Questions and Hypotheses
This page delves deeper into the characteristics of testable questions and how to formulate effective hypotheses in scientific investigations.
Example: An untestable question like "What type of bear is best?" can be made testable by asking "How does the amount of honey a bear eats affect how high up a tree it can climb?"
The page introduces a useful format for crafting testable questions:
"What is the effect of on ?"
Vocabulary:
- Independent Variable: What the scientist changes; the cause of an effect.
- Dependent Variable: What the scientist measures; the effect of changing the independent variable.
The concept of hypotheses is then introduced:
Definition: A hypothesis is a prediction that answers your testable question. It is an educated guess based on observations or research.
Key points about hypotheses:
- Never written as a question
- Does not have to be "correct"
- Follows the format: "If , then because "
Example: For the question "What is the effect of amount of sugar eaten on the time it takes to run a lap?", a hypothesis could be: "If the amount of sugar eaten increases, then the amount of time it takes to run a lap will decrease because sugar provides quick energy."
Experimental Design and Scientific Concepts
This page covers important aspects of experimental design and clarifies key scientific concepts.
The difference between hypotheses and theories is explained:
Definition:
- Hypothesis: A prediction or suggestion based on observed phenomena
- Theory: An explanation for a set of verified, proven hypotheses
The importance of constants in experiments is emphasized:
Vocabulary: Constants are factors that scientists keep the same throughout an experiment to ensure that only the independent variable affects the results.
The page introduces the concept of experimental and control groups:
- Experimental group: Receives the independent variable
- Control group: Does not receive the independent variable
Highlight: Control groups are crucial as they allow scientists to be sure that any change in the dependent variable is due to the independent variable being tested.
The difference between observations and inferences is clarified:
Definition:
- Observation: Using one or more senses to gather information
- Inference: Making explanations for the things observed
Applying Scientific Concepts
This final page reinforces the application of scientific concepts through examples and practice exercises.
Example: In an experiment testing the effect of sunlight on plant height:
- Independent variable: sunlight
- Dependent variable: plant height
- Control group: no sunlight
- Experimental group: receives sunlight
The page provides a practice exercise to distinguish between observations and inferences:
Example: Observation: You see that your cup fell off the kitchen table and broke. Inference: The cat knocked the cup down.
This exercise helps students understand the difference between directly observable facts and conclusions drawn from those facts.
The page concludes by touching on the distinction between inferences and hypotheses, though it doesn't provide a detailed explanation. This suggests that further exploration of these concepts may follow in subsequent materials.
Page 4: Data Representation and Analysis
This section covers methods for representing and analyzing experimental data, including proper graphing techniques and the CER framework.
Highlight: The TAILS acronym guides proper graph creation: Title, Axis, Interval, Label, Scale.
Definition: CER stands for Claim, Evidence, and Reasoning - the three essential components of a scientific conclusion.
Example: Bar graphs are used for comparing data, while line graphs show change over time.
Understanding the Scientific Method and Testable Questions
The scientific method provides a systematic framework for investigating phenomena and answering questions about the natural world. This page introduces the key steps and concepts involved in applying the scientific method.
Definition: The scientific method is a structured approach used by scientists to study the world, involving observation, forming hypotheses, experimentation, and drawing conclusions.
The main steps of the scientific method include:
- Making observations and conducting research
- Asking a testable question
- Forming a hypothesis
- Performing an experiment
- Collecting data
- Analyzing results
- Drawing conclusions
Highlight: Testable questions are fundamental to the scientific method, as they can be answered through carefully designed and conducted experiments.
The page emphasizes the importance of identifying cause-and-effect relationships:
- Change/Cause = Independent Variable
- Effect/Measure = Dependent Variable
Example: Some testable questions include: "Why do birds chirp more in the morning than in the evening?" and "Why do my plants grow in a certain direction?"
Guidelines for formulating good testable questions are provided:
- The question should have an answer that can be tested.
- It must be measurable through experimentation.
- It should build on existing knowledge.
- It should lead to further questions.
The page concludes by cautioning against questions that are too broad, based on opinions, or can be answered through simple research.
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
Fun with Science: Discover the 7 Steps of the Scientific Method!
A comprehensive guide to understanding the scientific method steps and conducting scientific experiments, focusing on formulating testable questions and analyzing results through data collection and interpretation.
- The guide covers the fundamental 7 steps of the scientific method, from observation... Show more
Crafting Testable Questions and Hypotheses
This page delves deeper into the characteristics of testable questions and how to formulate effective hypotheses in scientific investigations.
Example: An untestable question like "What type of bear is best?" can be made testable by asking "How does the amount of honey a bear eats affect how high up a tree it can climb?"
The page introduces a useful format for crafting testable questions:
"What is the effect of on ?"
Vocabulary:
- Independent Variable: What the scientist changes; the cause of an effect.
- Dependent Variable: What the scientist measures; the effect of changing the independent variable.
The concept of hypotheses is then introduced:
Definition: A hypothesis is a prediction that answers your testable question. It is an educated guess based on observations or research.
Key points about hypotheses:
- Never written as a question
- Does not have to be "correct"
- Follows the format: "If , then because "
Example: For the question "What is the effect of amount of sugar eaten on the time it takes to run a lap?", a hypothesis could be: "If the amount of sugar eaten increases, then the amount of time it takes to run a lap will decrease because sugar provides quick energy."
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Experimental Design and Scientific Concepts
This page covers important aspects of experimental design and clarifies key scientific concepts.
The difference between hypotheses and theories is explained:
Definition:
- Hypothesis: A prediction or suggestion based on observed phenomena
- Theory: An explanation for a set of verified, proven hypotheses
The importance of constants in experiments is emphasized:
Vocabulary: Constants are factors that scientists keep the same throughout an experiment to ensure that only the independent variable affects the results.
The page introduces the concept of experimental and control groups:
- Experimental group: Receives the independent variable
- Control group: Does not receive the independent variable
Highlight: Control groups are crucial as they allow scientists to be sure that any change in the dependent variable is due to the independent variable being tested.
The difference between observations and inferences is clarified:
Definition:
- Observation: Using one or more senses to gather information
- Inference: Making explanations for the things observed
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Applying Scientific Concepts
This final page reinforces the application of scientific concepts through examples and practice exercises.
Example: In an experiment testing the effect of sunlight on plant height:
- Independent variable: sunlight
- Dependent variable: plant height
- Control group: no sunlight
- Experimental group: receives sunlight
The page provides a practice exercise to distinguish between observations and inferences:
Example: Observation: You see that your cup fell off the kitchen table and broke. Inference: The cat knocked the cup down.
This exercise helps students understand the difference between directly observable facts and conclusions drawn from those facts.
The page concludes by touching on the distinction between inferences and hypotheses, though it doesn't provide a detailed explanation. This suggests that further exploration of these concepts may follow in subsequent materials.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Page 4: Data Representation and Analysis
This section covers methods for representing and analyzing experimental data, including proper graphing techniques and the CER framework.
Highlight: The TAILS acronym guides proper graph creation: Title, Axis, Interval, Label, Scale.
Definition: CER stands for Claim, Evidence, and Reasoning - the three essential components of a scientific conclusion.
Example: Bar graphs are used for comparing data, while line graphs show change over time.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Understanding the Scientific Method and Testable Questions
The scientific method provides a systematic framework for investigating phenomena and answering questions about the natural world. This page introduces the key steps and concepts involved in applying the scientific method.
Definition: The scientific method is a structured approach used by scientists to study the world, involving observation, forming hypotheses, experimentation, and drawing conclusions.
The main steps of the scientific method include:
- Making observations and conducting research
- Asking a testable question
- Forming a hypothesis
- Performing an experiment
- Collecting data
- Analyzing results
- Drawing conclusions
Highlight: Testable questions are fundamental to the scientific method, as they can be answered through carefully designed and conducted experiments.
The page emphasizes the importance of identifying cause-and-effect relationships:
- Change/Cause = Independent Variable
- Effect/Measure = Dependent Variable
Example: Some testable questions include: "Why do birds chirp more in the morning than in the evening?" and "Why do my plants grow in a certain direction?"
Guidelines for formulating good testable questions are provided:
- The question should have an answer that can be tested.
- It must be measurable through experimentation.
- It should build on existing knowledge.
- It should lead to further questions.
The page concludes by cautioning against questions that are too broad, based on opinions, or can be answered through simple research.
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user