An Inspector Calls: Character and Theme Analysis
J.B. Priestley's "An Inspector Calls" is a masterful exploration of social responsibility and class dynamics in Edwardian England. This Inspector Calls revision notes page delves into the characters, themes, and dramatic techniques that make this play a compelling critique of early 20th-century society.
Characters
Mr. Birling
Mr. Birling embodies the capitalist mindset of the era. He prioritizes money and status above all else, often at the expense of others. His character serves as a foil to Priestley's message of collective responsibility.
Quote: "He could. He could have kept her on."
This repetition emphasizes Mr. Birling's reluctance to accept responsibility for his actions.
Mrs. Birling
Mrs. Birling represents the traditional, upper-class woman of the time. Her unsympathetic attitude towards Eva Smith and her quick defense of Eric reveal her snobbish nature and inability to see beyond class boundaries.
Highlight: Mrs. Birling's character showcases the rigid class prejudices of Edwardian society.
Sheila Birling
Sheila's character arc demonstrates the potential for change and growth. Initially compliant with her parents' views, she evolves to question societal norms and stand up for her beliefs.
Quote: "I tell you - whoever that inspector was, it was anything but a joke."
This line shows Sheila's growing awareness and maturity throughout the play.
Eric Birling
Eric represents the younger generation struggling against the established order. His rebellious nature and questioning of his father's decisions highlight the generational conflict within the play.
Inspector Goole
The Inspector serves as the catalyst for change and revelation in the play. His commanding presence and relentless questioning drive the plot forward and force the characters to confront their actions.
Vocabulary: Antithesis - A person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone or something else.
The Inspector acts as the antithesis to Mr. Birling's self-centered worldview.
Themes
Social Class
The play critically examines the rigid class structure of Edwardian England, highlighting the vast divide between the wealthy and the poor.
Gender Roles
Priestley explores changing attitudes towards gender, contrasting traditional views (Mrs. Birling) with more progressive ones (Sheila as the 'New Woman').
Age and Generation Gap
The play showcases the conflict between older and younger generations, with characters like Eric and Sheila representing a shift in societal attitudes.
Social Responsibility
A central theme of the play, Priestley advocates for collective responsibility and the interconnectedness of society.
Dramatic Techniques
Priestley employs various dramatic techniques to enhance the play's impact:
- Dramatic pauses
- Repetition
- Cliffhangers
- Stage directions
- Interruptions
Example: The dramatic pause at the end of Act One, when the Inspector says "Well?" to Sheila and Gerald, creates suspense and anticipation.
Context
Understanding the historical context is crucial for a deeper appreciation of the play:
- Set in 1912, before World War I and the sinking of the Titanic
- Written in 1945, after both World Wars
- Explores the changing social landscape, including women's rights and the welfare state
Definition: Suffragettes - Members of militant women's organizations in the early 20th century who fought for the right to vote in public elections.
This An Inspector Calls context mindmap provides a comprehensive overview of the play's key elements, making it an invaluable resource for GCSE students studying this classic work.
