- The Enlightenment was a philosophical revolution in the 1700s that challenged old ideas on government and religion.
- Key enlightenment philosophers include Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Charles-Louis Montesquieu, Niccolo Machiavelli, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and William Blackstone.
- The Enlightenment emphasized using reason to solve human problems instead of relying solely on religion.
- Types of democracy include direct (where citizens vote on laws) and indirect (where citizens elect leaders to represent them).
- The American government system is based on a republic model, with an emphasis on popular sovereignty, limited government, and individual rights.
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