Understanding Slope
Slope is simply the ratio of vertical change to horizontal change in a line. Think of it as measuring how steep a hill isโthe steeper the hill, the larger the slope value. Mathematically, we express slope using the formula: m=x2โโx1โy2โโy1โโ=ฮxฮyโ=RunRiseโ
When finding slope from a graph, remember some simple rules: moving UP is positive rise, DOWN is negative; moving RIGHT is positive run, LEFT is negative. You just need to pick any two points on the line and apply the formula. For example, if you move up 2 units and right 3 units, the slope is 32โ.
Working with coordinate points requires the same approach. For points (3, -5) and (-7, 2), we calculate: m=โ7โ32โ(โ5)โ=โ107โ=โ107โ. This gives us a negative slope, indicating the line falls from left to right.
Try This! Look around you for real-world slopesโstairs, ramps, roofs. Estimate which ones have steeper slopes (larger values) and which have gentler slopes (smaller values).
Slopes come in four main types: positive (line rises from left to right), negative (line falls from left to right), zero (horizontal line), and undefined (vertical line). Each type tells you something important about the relationship between the variables the line represents.