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Detailed AP Bio Notes on Cells, Enzymes, and More - AP Bio Unit 2 & 3 Study Guide

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Detailed AP Bio Notes on Cells, Enzymes, and More - AP Bio Unit 2 & 3 Study Guide

This comprehensive AP Biology study guide PDF covers key concepts in cell biology and enzymes, providing detailed notes and explanations for AP Biology Unit 2. The guide includes information on cell structures, specialized cells, microscopy, enzymes, and transport processes.

5/3/2023

1033

闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis

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Typical vs. Specialized Cells

This page explains the difference between typical and specialized cells:

  • Typical cells represent the basic features common to an "average" cell of a particular organism
  • Specialized cells are adapted to carry out specific functions
  • Describes stem cells as unspecialized and undifferentiated

Vocabulary:

  • Typical cells: Generalized cells with common features
  • Specialized cells: Cells adapted for specific functions
  • Stem cells: Unspecialized cells capable of developing into various cell types

Example: A typical animal cell contains structures like a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes, while a specialized nerve cell has additional features for transmitting electrical signals.

闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis

View

Contents and Tracker

This page outlines the main topics covered in the AP Biology Unit 2 study guide PDF, including:

  • Cells and subcellular structures
  • Typical vs. specialized cells
  • Microscopy basics and calculations
  • Enzymes and their functions
  • Tests for biological molecules
  • Energy in food
  • Diffusion, osmosis, and active transport

Highlight: The guide includes a tracker for students to mark their progress as they review each section.

闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis

View

Cells

This page provides an overview of cell types and structures in the AP Biology Unit 2 notes:

  • Defines cells as the basic structural and functional units of living organisms
  • Compares eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
  • Describes typical animal and plant cell structures

Definition: Eukaryotes are organisms with complex cells containing a nucleus, while prokaryotes are single-celled organisms without a nucleus.

Vocabulary:

  • Eukaryotic: Describes cells with a nucleus
  • Prokaryotic: Describes cells without a nucleus

Example: Animal and plant cells are eukaryotic, while bacterial cells are prokaryotic.

闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis

View

Subcellular Structures

This section details the various subcellular structures found in different cell types:

  • Structures common to animal, plant, and bacterial cells: cell membrane, ribosomes, cytoplasm
  • Structures unique to animal and plant cells: nucleus, mitochondria
  • Structures unique to plant cells: large vacuole, cellulose cell wall, chloroplasts
  • Structures unique to bacterial cells: circular chromosomal DNA, plasmid DNA, flagellum, protein-polysaccharide cell wall

Definition: Subcellular structures are features of a cell with specific functions.

Highlight: Bacterial cells lack mitochondria and a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis

View

闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis

View

闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis

View

闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis

View

闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis

View

闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis

View

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

Knowunity was a featured story by Apple and has consistently topped the app store charts within the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.

Ranked #1 Education App

Download in

Google Play

Download in

App Store

Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

4.9+

Average App Rating

13 M

Students use Knowunity

#1

In Education App Charts in 12 Countries

950 K+

Students uploaded study notes

Still not sure? Look at what your fellow peers are saying...

iOS User

I love this app so much [...] I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a C to an A with it :D

Stefan S, iOS User

The application is very simple and well designed. So far I have found what I was looking for :D

SuSSan, iOS User

Love this App ❤️, I use it basically all the time whenever I'm studying

Detailed AP Bio Notes on Cells, Enzymes, and More - AP Bio Unit 2 & 3 Study Guide

This comprehensive AP Biology study guide PDF covers key concepts in cell biology and enzymes, providing detailed notes and explanations for AP Biology Unit 2. The guide includes information on cell structures, specialized cells, microscopy, enzymes, and transport processes.

5/3/2023

1033

 

10th/11th

 

AP Biology

87

闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis

Typical vs. Specialized Cells

This page explains the difference between typical and specialized cells:

  • Typical cells represent the basic features common to an "average" cell of a particular organism
  • Specialized cells are adapted to carry out specific functions
  • Describes stem cells as unspecialized and undifferentiated

Vocabulary:

  • Typical cells: Generalized cells with common features
  • Specialized cells: Cells adapted for specific functions
  • Stem cells: Unspecialized cells capable of developing into various cell types

Example: A typical animal cell contains structures like a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes, while a specialized nerve cell has additional features for transmitting electrical signals.

闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis

Contents and Tracker

This page outlines the main topics covered in the AP Biology Unit 2 study guide PDF, including:

  • Cells and subcellular structures
  • Typical vs. specialized cells
  • Microscopy basics and calculations
  • Enzymes and their functions
  • Tests for biological molecules
  • Energy in food
  • Diffusion, osmosis, and active transport

Highlight: The guide includes a tracker for students to mark their progress as they review each section.

闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis

Cells

This page provides an overview of cell types and structures in the AP Biology Unit 2 notes:

  • Defines cells as the basic structural and functional units of living organisms
  • Compares eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
  • Describes typical animal and plant cell structures

Definition: Eukaryotes are organisms with complex cells containing a nucleus, while prokaryotes are single-celled organisms without a nucleus.

Vocabulary:

  • Eukaryotic: Describes cells with a nucleus
  • Prokaryotic: Describes cells without a nucleus

Example: Animal and plant cells are eukaryotic, while bacterial cells are prokaryotic.

闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis

Subcellular Structures

This section details the various subcellular structures found in different cell types:

  • Structures common to animal, plant, and bacterial cells: cell membrane, ribosomes, cytoplasm
  • Structures unique to animal and plant cells: nucleus, mitochondria
  • Structures unique to plant cells: large vacuole, cellulose cell wall, chloroplasts
  • Structures unique to bacterial cells: circular chromosomal DNA, plasmid DNA, flagellum, protein-polysaccharide cell wall

Definition: Subcellular structures are features of a cell with specific functions.

Highlight: Bacterial cells lack mitochondria and a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis
闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis
闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis
闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis
闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis
闪
CONTENTS & TRACKER
Each time you revise a section, put your mark on a circle! D
Cells
OOO
Subcellular Structures
OOO
Typical vs. Specialis

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

Knowunity was a featured story by Apple and has consistently topped the app store charts within the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.

Ranked #1 Education App

Download in

Google Play

Download in

App Store

Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

4.9+

Average App Rating

13 M

Students use Knowunity

#1

In Education App Charts in 12 Countries

950 K+

Students uploaded study notes

Still not sure? Look at what your fellow peers are saying...

iOS User

I love this app so much [...] I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a C to an A with it :D

Stefan S, iOS User

The application is very simple and well designed. So far I have found what I was looking for :D

SuSSan, iOS User

Love this App ❤️, I use it basically all the time whenever I'm studying