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Study note

Sary Segura

United States of America

DEFAULT (US)

AP Biology

unit 4 study review

Gene expression and regulation

Mutations, genetic diversity, and natural selection

Unit 4 Test Review
The Molecular Basis of Heredity
These are sample test questions and not a complete test review. Multiple Choice
• DNA is a long molecule (polymer) made up of
monomers called
A. Amino acids
B. Nucleotides
C. Nitrogen bases
D. Purines
• B Multiple Choice
Which of the following is NOT a component of
a nucleotide?
A. A 5-carbon sugar
B. A phosphate group
C. A nitrogen base
D. An amino acid
• D Multiple Choice
What is the only difference between individual
nucleotides?
A. The order of the amino acids
B. The nitrogen base
C. Whether the nucleotide has a single ring or a
double ring structure
D. Whether the nucleotide is a purine or a
pyrimidine
B ●
Multiple Choice
The four possible nitrogen bases in a
nucleotide of DNA are...
A. Adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil
B. Adenine, guanine, thymine and uracil
C. Adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine
D. Guanine, cytosine, uracil and threonine
C Multiple Choice
• The structure of a DNA molecule is a
which resembles a twisted ladder.
A. Helix
B. Double helix
C. Double- ringed nitrogen base
D. Single-ringed nitrogen base
• B ●
Multiple Choice
The backbone of a DNA molecule (the sides of
the ladder) are made up of...
A. Nitrogen base pairs in a variety of orders
B. Alternating nitrogen base pairs and sugar
molecules
C. Alternating phosphate and nitrogen base
molecules
D. Alternating sugar and phosphate molecules
D Multiple Choice
• If the percentage of cytosine in a sample of
DNA is 22%, what would the percentage of
guanine be?
A. 22%
B. 28%
C. 11%
D. Cannot be determined
• A Multiple Choice
Base pair/Chargaff's rules state that...
A. Adenine bonds with only thymine
B. Cytosine bonds with only guanine
C. Both A and B
D. Purines cannot bond with pyrimidines
• C Multiple Choice
• A substance containing DNA tightly coiled
around proteins called histones is called
A. RNA
B. Sister chromatids
C. Chromatin
D. Chromosomes
• C ●
Multiple Choice
Chromatin condenses to form
A. Sister chromatids
B. RNA
C. DNA
D.
D
Chromosomes Multiple Choice
• Base pair rules, the fact that A only bonds with T
and G only bonds with C...
A. Limit the variety of traits that can be found in living
organisms.
B.
Ensure that DNA can be copied exactly during the
cell cycle.
C. Means that each strand of DNA has all the
information needed to reconstruct the other half.
D. Both B and C
• D Multiple Choice
• The first step in DNA replication is...
A. The separation of the DNA molecule into two
separate strands.
B.
Free nucleotides within the cell are joined to the
separated DNA strands.
C. Transcribing the DNA molecule into a strand of
mRNA.
D. Moving the DNA outside the nucleus into the
ribosome.
• A Multiple Choice
What happens after the two strands of DNA in a
DNA molecule have been separated?
A. tRNA transfers the correct nucleotides to the
nucleus and joins them to the separated DNA
strands.
B. Following base pair rules, free nucleotides within
the cell are joined to each side of the separated DNA
strands.
C. Free nucleotides within the cell are joined to the
separated DNA strands in a random order increasing
genetic variety in organisms.
• B Multiple Choice
During this phase of the cell cycle the cell
grows and the DNA is replicated.
A. Interphase
B. Prophase
C. Metaphase
D. Anaphase
E. Telophase
F. Cytokinesis
A ●
Multiple Choice
During this phase of mitosis, sister chromatids
line up in the middle of the cell and the
spindle attaches to the centromeres.
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
• B ●
Multiple Choice
During this phase of mitosis, chromatin
condenses into chromosomes.
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
• A ●
Multiple Choice
During this phase of mitosis, sister chromatids
separate.
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
C ●
Multiple Choice
During this phase of mitosis, the nuclear
membrane breaks down.
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
• A ●
Multiple Choice
During this phase of mitosis, centrioles
separate and move from their location near
the nucleus to opposite sides of the cell.
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
• A ●
Multiple Choice
During this phase of mitosis, the nuclear
membranes begin to reform around cluster of
chromosomes.
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
• D Multiple Choice
• Mitosis results in...
●
A. Two identical cells
B. Two identical nuclei
C. Two unique nuclei
D. Two unique cells
B Multiple Choice
• The process that divides the cytoplasm is
●
called
A. Replication
B. Transcription
C. Cytokinesis
D. The cell cycle
C ●
Multiple Choice
Cancer is...
A. Uncontrolled cell division.
B. Only a hereditary disorder.
C. When cells grow much larger than normal.
D. When cells can no longer repair themselves.
A Multiple Choice
• In general, the cause of cancer is...
A. Smoking
B. Radiation exposure
C. Old age
D. DNA mutations/damage
●
D ●
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is not an
environmental cause of cancer?
A. Smoking
B. Radiation exposure
C. An inherited mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2
gene
D. Viral infections
C Multiple Choice
• Proteins are polymers of monomers called
●
A. Amino acids
B. Nucleotides
C. Glycerol
D. Monosaccharides
• A Multiple Choice
• What would be the correct complimentary
●
DNA strand to the following DNA strand:
ATCGTACAC?
A. UAGCAUGUG
B. TAGCATGTG
C. CGATGCACA
D. GCTACGTGT
• B Multiple Choice
●
• The process by which a section of DNA is
copied into a complimentary strand of mRNA
is called
A. Translation
B. Replication
C. Constipation
D. Transcription
D ●
Multiple Choice
What is the only similarity between DNA and
RNA?
A. Both are long chains of nucleotides
B. Both are double stranded
C. Both are made of the same four nucleotides
D. Both have the same sugar molecule
• A Multiple Choice
●
• The process by which cells use the information
from mRNA to produce proteins is called
A. Transcription
B. Translation
C. Replication
D. Codon production
• B ●
Strands of mRNA are read by the ribosome
bases at a time.
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
Multiple Choice
• B Multiple Choice
• Each three bases/letters in a strand of mRNA
is called a
A. Phosphate group
B. Codon
C. Anticodon
D. Triplet
• B Multiple Choice
• A codon is a code for...
A. A specific nucleotide to be added to a DNA
molecule.
B. A specific nitrogen base to be added to a RNA
molecule.
C. A specific amino acid to be added to a protein.
D. A ribosome to start or stop producing a protein.
• C Multiple Choice
• What is the function of transfer RNA (tRNA)?
●
A. To transfer genetic messages from the nucleus to
the ribosome.
B. To bring specific amino acids to the ribosome to
be added to a protein.
C. To prevent mutations to DNA.
D. To translate the codons in mRNA.
• B
● Multiple Choice
• tRNA molecules have three unpaired bases
which are complementary to
called
three bases in mRNA.
A. Codons
B. Anticodons
C. Morons
D. Genes
• B Multiple Choice
If the codon in mRNA is AAG, what is the
anticodon of the tRNA that will bring the
correct amino acid into the ribosome?
A. UUT
B. TTC
C. UUC
D. TTA
• C Multiple Choice
• The central dogma of biology is...
●
A. The cell is the basic unit of all life.
B. The DNA of all living things is made of the same
four nucleotides.
C. DNA is transcribed into RNA which is then
translated to produce proteins.
D. All matter is made of atoms.
• C Multiple Choice
• Mutations are...
A. Mistakes in the transcription of DNA to mRNA.
B. Changes in the order of the nucleotides of DNA.
C. tRNA molecules delivering the wrong amino acid
to a ribosome.
D. Changes in the order of amino acid in a
polypeptide chain (protein).
• B
● Multiple Choice
The "code of life" for all living things is
determined by...
A. The order of the amino acids in protein molecules.
B. The order of the nucleotides (nitrogen bases) in
DNA.
C. The number of nucleotides in a DNA molecule.
D. The percentage of each nucleotide in a DNA
molecule.
• B Multiple Choice
• C
discovered the structure of DNA.
A. Franklin
B. Watson
C. Watson and Crick
D. Mendel

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unit 4 study review

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

Knowunity was a featured story by Apple and has consistently topped the app store charts within the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.

4.9+

13 M

#1

950 K+

Still not sure? Look at what your fellow peers are saying...

I love this app so much [...] I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a C to an A with it :D

The application is very simple and well designed. So far I have found what I was looking for :D

Love this App ❤️, I use it basically all the time whenever I'm studying