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Extraction and Uses of Metals: PDF, Notes, GCSE | Methods and Principles

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Emi

3/20/2023

Chemistry

Extraction and uses of metals and electrolysis

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Molecular and Ionic Compound Structure and Properties

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Molecular and Ionic Compound Structure and Properties

Extraction and Uses of Metals: PDF, Notes, GCSE | Methods and Principles

Extraction and uses of metals is a comprehensive guide covering metal extraction methods, properties, and applications in various industries. The document details different extraction processes including electrolysis and carbon reduction, along with specific uses of common metals.

Key points:

  • Metals are extracted from ores using methods based on their reactivity
  • Methods of extraction of metals from ores include heating with carbon, electrolysis, and chemical reactions
  • Extraction of metals by electrolysis is used for highly reactive metals
  • Metals and their alloys have specific industrial and commercial applications
  • Electrolysis of molten compounds is a key process for extracting reactive metals
...

3/20/2023

3671

<p>Metals are found in the Earth's crust either in a pure form or in compounds with other elements. Unreactive metals like silver and gold

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Page 2: Electrolysis Process

This page focuses on the principles and process of electrolysis, particularly in molten electrolysis examples.

Definition: Electrolysis is a chemical change caused by passing an electric current through an ionic compound in molten or aqueous form.

Highlight: Ionic compounds only conduct electricity when molten or in solution, as ions must be free to move.

The page explains electrode processes and terminology:

Vocabulary:

  • Electrolyte: Substance undergoing electrolysis
  • Anode: Positive electrode where oxidation occurs
  • Cathode: Negative electrode where reduction occurs
  • OILRIG: Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain

Example: The electrolysis of molten lead(II) bromide is detailed, showing the formation of bromine gas at the anode and solid lead at the cathode.

The document emphasizes the importance of using appropriate electrode materials, typically carbon (graphite) due to its conductivity and chemical stability.

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Molecular and Ionic Compound Structure and Properties

Molecular and Ionic Compound Structure and Properties

 

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Extraction and Uses of Metals: PDF, Notes, GCSE | Methods and Principles

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Emi

@emimcmurtry_hdjd

Extraction and uses of metals is a comprehensive guide covering metal extraction methods, properties, and applications in various industries. The document details different extraction processes including electrolysis and carbon reduction, along with specific uses of common metals.

Key points:

  • Metals... Show more
<p>Metals are found in the Earth's crust either in a pure form or in compounds with other elements. Unreactive metals like silver and gold

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Page 2: Electrolysis Process

This page focuses on the principles and process of electrolysis, particularly in molten electrolysis examples.

Definition: Electrolysis is a chemical change caused by passing an electric current through an ionic compound in molten or aqueous form.

Highlight: Ionic compounds only conduct electricity when molten or in solution, as ions must be free to move.

The page explains electrode processes and terminology:

Vocabulary:

  • Electrolyte: Substance undergoing electrolysis
  • Anode: Positive electrode where oxidation occurs
  • Cathode: Negative electrode where reduction occurs
  • OILRIG: Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain

Example: The electrolysis of molten lead(II) bromide is detailed, showing the formation of bromine gas at the anode and solid lead at the cathode.

The document emphasizes the importance of using appropriate electrode materials, typically carbon (graphite) due to its conductivity and chemical stability.

<p>Metals are found in the Earth's crust either in a pure form or in compounds with other elements. Unreactive metals like silver and gold

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Page 1: Extraction Methods and Uses of Metals

This page covers the fundamentals of metal extraction and their practical applications. The content explains how different metals are obtained from their ores and their industrial uses.

Definition: An ore is a rock containing sufficient metal content to make extraction economically viable.

Example: Common ores include Malachite (copper carbonate), Haematite (iron oxide), and Bauxite (aluminum oxide).

Highlight: Three main methods of metal extraction are used depending on reactivity:

  1. Heating in air for less reactive metals
  2. Carbon reduction for moderately reactive metals
  3. Electrolysis for highly reactive metals

The page details the blast furnace process for iron extraction, including temperature zones and chemical reactions.

Vocabulary:

  • Thermal decomposition: Breaking down of compounds using heat
  • Reduction: Removal of oxygen from metal oxides
  • Alloy: Mixture of two or more elements, with at least one being a metal

The uses of different metals are extensively covered:

  • Aluminum: Aircraft, bicycles, electrical cables
  • Copper: Electrical wiring, cooking utensils, medical equipment
  • Iron and steel variants: Construction, tools, domestic appliances

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