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Reaction rates

How Reactions Happen: Temps and Catalysts at Work

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How Reactions Happen: Temps and Catalysts at Work
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Lauren

@lauren_xxzi

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A comprehensive guide to understanding reaction rates and collision theory, focusing on key factors affecting chemical reactions. This resource explores the fundamentals of reaction kinetics, temperature effects, and catalysis for young chemistry students.

  • Collision theory explains reaction rates, especially for gases
  • Temperature increase accelerates reactions by enhancing particle energy and collision frequency
  • Catalysts provide alternative reaction pathways with lower activation energy
  • Practical methods for investigating concentration effects on reaction rates are outlined

1/22/2023

110

Rate of Reaction ♡ Collision Theory ↳ used to predict the rates of chemical reactions, particulary for gases. Rate of Reaction, ↳ A measure

Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rates

This page explores the effect of temperature on reaction rates, a crucial aspect of chemical kinetics.

When the temperature of a reaction mixture is increased, several important changes occur:

  1. Reactant particles move more quickly
  2. The energy of the particles increases
  3. The frequency of successful collisions increases
  4. The proportion of successful collisions increases

As a result of these changes, the overall rate of reaction increases with temperature.

Highlight: Increasing temperature leads to faster-moving particles with higher energy, resulting in more frequent and successful collisions, thus accelerating the reaction rate.

The page also introduces graphical representations of reaction rates:

  • Fast reactions show a steeper curve
  • Slow reactions display a more gradual slope

Example: A graph showing the change in total mass or volume of product over time can visually represent the difference between fast and slow reactions.

The units for rates of reaction in higher-level chemistry are introduced as mol/s.

Rate of Reaction ♡ Collision Theory ↳ used to predict the rates of chemical reactions, particulary for gases. Rate of Reaction, ↳ A measure

View

Experimental Variations and Safety

This page concludes the experimental procedure and suggests variations for further investigation.

The experiment can be repeated with different concentrations of hydrochloric acid to observe how concentration affects the reaction rate.

Highlight: Varying the concentration of reactants allows students to explore how this factor influences the rate of chemical reactions.

Safety considerations are implied with the instruction to clean the apparatus as directed by a teacher, emphasizing the importance of proper laboratory practices.

Vocabulary: Concentration - The amount of a substance in a given volume of solution, often expressed in mol/L.

This practical approach provides hands-on experience in studying reaction kinetics, allowing students to observe and measure the effects of concentration on reaction rates directly.

Rate of Reaction ♡ Collision Theory ↳ used to predict the rates of chemical reactions, particulary for gases. Rate of Reaction, ↳ A measure

View

Rate of Reaction and Collision Theory

This page introduces the fundamental concepts of reaction rates and collision theory in chemistry.

Collision theory rate of reaction explanation is presented as a key model for predicting chemical reaction rates, particularly for gases. The rate of reaction is defined as a measure of how quickly a reactant is used up or a product is formed.

For a chemical reaction to occur, two critical conditions must be met:

  1. Reactant particles must collide with each other
  2. The particles must have sufficient energy to react

The mean rate of reaction can be calculated using the following formulas:

  • Quantity of reactant used / Time taken
  • Quantity of product formed / Time taken

Definition: Rate of Reaction = Quantity of product formed / Time taken

Units for measuring reaction rates are provided:

  • Mass: g/s or g/min
  • Volume: cm³/s or cm³/min

Vocabulary: Collision Theory - A model that explains how chemical reactions occur and why reaction rates differ.

Rate of Reaction ♡ Collision Theory ↳ used to predict the rates of chemical reactions, particulary for gases. Rate of Reaction, ↳ A measure

View

Catalysts and Their Impact on Reaction Rates

This page focuses on investigating catalyst impact on chemical reactions and their role in altering reaction rates.

A catalyst is defined as a substance that:

  1. Increases the rate of a reaction
  2. Does not alter the products of the reaction
  3. Is not chemically changed or used up at the end of the reaction

Definition: A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.

The mechanism of catalyst action is explained:

  • A catalyst provides an alternative reaction pathway
  • This alternative pathway has a lower activation energy than the uncatalysed reaction

Highlight: Catalysts work by lowering the activation energy required for a reaction, thereby increasing the reaction rate without changing the overall energy change of the reaction.

The page also outlines a method to investigate the effect of changing concentration on the rate of a reaction:

  1. Set up a gas syringe with a stand, boss, and clamp
  2. Add 50cm³ of dilute hydrochloric acid to a conical flask
  3. Add 0.4g of calcium carbonate to the flask and start a stopwatch
  4. Record the volume of gas every 10 seconds
  5. Clean the apparatus as directed after the reaction is complete

Example: This experimental setup can be used to measure the rate of carbon dioxide production in the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid.

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Subjects

/

Chemistry

/

Kinetics

/

Reaction rates

How Reactions Happen: Temps and Catalysts at Work

user profile picture

Lauren

@lauren_xxzi

·

7 Followers

Follow

A comprehensive guide to understanding reaction rates and collision theory, focusing on key factors affecting chemical reactions. This resource explores the fundamentals of reaction kinetics, temperature effects, and catalysis for young chemistry students.

  • Collision theory explains reaction rates, especially for gases
  • Temperature increase accelerates reactions by enhancing particle energy and collision frequency
  • Catalysts provide alternative reaction pathways with lower activation energy
  • Practical methods for investigating concentration effects on reaction rates are outlined

1/22/2023

110

 

11

 

Chemistry

2

Rate of Reaction ♡ Collision Theory ↳ used to predict the rates of chemical reactions, particulary for gases. Rate of Reaction, ↳ A measure

Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rates

This page explores the effect of temperature on reaction rates, a crucial aspect of chemical kinetics.

When the temperature of a reaction mixture is increased, several important changes occur:

  1. Reactant particles move more quickly
  2. The energy of the particles increases
  3. The frequency of successful collisions increases
  4. The proportion of successful collisions increases

As a result of these changes, the overall rate of reaction increases with temperature.

Highlight: Increasing temperature leads to faster-moving particles with higher energy, resulting in more frequent and successful collisions, thus accelerating the reaction rate.

The page also introduces graphical representations of reaction rates:

  • Fast reactions show a steeper curve
  • Slow reactions display a more gradual slope

Example: A graph showing the change in total mass or volume of product over time can visually represent the difference between fast and slow reactions.

The units for rates of reaction in higher-level chemistry are introduced as mol/s.

Rate of Reaction ♡ Collision Theory ↳ used to predict the rates of chemical reactions, particulary for gases. Rate of Reaction, ↳ A measure

Experimental Variations and Safety

This page concludes the experimental procedure and suggests variations for further investigation.

The experiment can be repeated with different concentrations of hydrochloric acid to observe how concentration affects the reaction rate.

Highlight: Varying the concentration of reactants allows students to explore how this factor influences the rate of chemical reactions.

Safety considerations are implied with the instruction to clean the apparatus as directed by a teacher, emphasizing the importance of proper laboratory practices.

Vocabulary: Concentration - The amount of a substance in a given volume of solution, often expressed in mol/L.

This practical approach provides hands-on experience in studying reaction kinetics, allowing students to observe and measure the effects of concentration on reaction rates directly.

Rate of Reaction ♡ Collision Theory ↳ used to predict the rates of chemical reactions, particulary for gases. Rate of Reaction, ↳ A measure

Rate of Reaction and Collision Theory

This page introduces the fundamental concepts of reaction rates and collision theory in chemistry.

Collision theory rate of reaction explanation is presented as a key model for predicting chemical reaction rates, particularly for gases. The rate of reaction is defined as a measure of how quickly a reactant is used up or a product is formed.

For a chemical reaction to occur, two critical conditions must be met:

  1. Reactant particles must collide with each other
  2. The particles must have sufficient energy to react

The mean rate of reaction can be calculated using the following formulas:

  • Quantity of reactant used / Time taken
  • Quantity of product formed / Time taken

Definition: Rate of Reaction = Quantity of product formed / Time taken

Units for measuring reaction rates are provided:

  • Mass: g/s or g/min
  • Volume: cm³/s or cm³/min

Vocabulary: Collision Theory - A model that explains how chemical reactions occur and why reaction rates differ.

Rate of Reaction ♡ Collision Theory ↳ used to predict the rates of chemical reactions, particulary for gases. Rate of Reaction, ↳ A measure

Catalysts and Their Impact on Reaction Rates

This page focuses on investigating catalyst impact on chemical reactions and their role in altering reaction rates.

A catalyst is defined as a substance that:

  1. Increases the rate of a reaction
  2. Does not alter the products of the reaction
  3. Is not chemically changed or used up at the end of the reaction

Definition: A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.

The mechanism of catalyst action is explained:

  • A catalyst provides an alternative reaction pathway
  • This alternative pathway has a lower activation energy than the uncatalysed reaction

Highlight: Catalysts work by lowering the activation energy required for a reaction, thereby increasing the reaction rate without changing the overall energy change of the reaction.

The page also outlines a method to investigate the effect of changing concentration on the rate of a reaction:

  1. Set up a gas syringe with a stand, boss, and clamp
  2. Add 50cm³ of dilute hydrochloric acid to a conical flask
  3. Add 0.4g of calcium carbonate to the flask and start a stopwatch
  4. Record the volume of gas every 10 seconds
  5. Clean the apparatus as directed after the reaction is complete

Example: This experimental setup can be used to measure the rate of carbon dioxide production in the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid.

Similar Content

Chemistry - Half-Life

Learning the two types of radioactive and learning to slove half life problems.

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Know Half-Life thumbnail

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

Knowunity was a featured story by Apple and has consistently topped the app store charts within the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.

Ranked #1 Education App

Download in

Google Play

Download in

App Store

Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

4.9+

Average App Rating

13 M

Students use Knowunity

#1

In Education App Charts in 12 Countries

950 K+

Students uploaded study notes

Still not sure? Look at what your fellow peers are saying...

iOS User

I love this app so much [...] I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a C to an A with it :D

Stefan S, iOS User

The application is very simple and well designed. So far I have found what I was looking for :D

SuSSan, iOS User

Love this App ❤️, I use it basically all the time whenever I'm studying