Infidelity and Honor in Venetian Society

The fear of cuckoldry and loss of honor was prevalent in Renaissance Venice. Shakespeare uses this contextual insecurity to drive the plot and character development.

In Othello's final speech, he uses a metaphor comparing Desdemona to a pearl:

Quote: "Like the base Indian, threw a pearl away"

Analysis: This metaphor emphasizes Othello's naivety in throwing away his relationship. The "pearl" represents Desdemona, viewed as a valuable asset, reflecting the patriarchal beliefs of the time.

Vocabulary: Cuckoldry - the state of being cheated on by one's wife

Othello's sexual jealousy stems from genuine love, manipulated by Iago. In contrast, Iago's jealousy towards his wife Emilia is more calculated, driven by fear of losing honor rather than love.

Quote: Iago refers to rumors that "the lusty Moor // Hath leaped into my seat"

This further illustrates how jealousy in the play is often rooted in competitiveness and possessiveness, reflecting societal attitudes of the time.

Othello's Insecurities and Reputation

Shakespeare explores how insecurity drives the tragedy in Othello, examining fears around infidelity, race, and status. The play shows how private doubts can become moments of public shame.

Highlight: Shakespeare asks the audience to reflect on how insecurities can manifest within themselves and affect us and others around us.

Othello's final speech attempts to justify his actions and salvage his reputation. The soft sibilance at the start ("I have done the state some service") reflects his newfound fragility after losing power.

Quote: "I have done the state some service"

Iago's professional jealousy of Cassio sets the tragic events in motion. His envy stems from Cassio's promotion and perceived superior social status.

Quote: Iago states that Cassio must be destroyed as the "daily beauty in his life // That makes me ugly"

This showcases how the fear of losing nobility in Renaissance Venice impacts multiple characters, with insecurity about status becoming a root cause of the unfolding events.