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APES Unit 2 Review: Biodiversity, Genetic Diversity, and More

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APES Unit 2 Review: Biodiversity, Genetic Diversity, and More
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irfane

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Biodiversity and genetic diversity in apes unit 2 covers key ecological concepts including species types, ecosystem services, and succession. This unit explores how genetic and habitat diversity impact ecosystem resilience and examines anthropogenic disruptions to natural systems.

  • Biodiversity encompasses genetic, species, and habitat diversity
  • Genetic diversity allows better responses to environmental stressors
  • Species are classified as specialists or generalists based on niche breadth
  • Island biogeography and r/K selection impact species distribution
  • Ecosystem services include provisioning, regulating, cultural and supporting functions
  • Ecological succession occurs after disturbances, with primary and secondary types
  • Anthropogenic disruptions like pollution have ecological and economic consequences

5/2/2023

117

1 APES UNIT 2: REVIEW - INTRO TO BIODIVERSITY. 1. biodiversity in an ecosystem includes genetics, species, and habitat diversity 2. more gen

Unit 2 Extras: Key Concepts and Vocabulary

This page provides additional information and definitions for important concepts in APES unit 2 review PDF.

The text includes a diagram illustrating the impact of keystone species on ecosystem biodiversity.

Highlight: Keystone species, such as wolves, can significantly influence the structure and function of an entire ecosystem.

Key vocabulary terms are defined:

Vocabulary:

  • Species evenness: The distribution of abundance across species in an area
  • Founder effect: Reduced genetic diversity in a new population established by a small number of individuals
  • Population bottleneck: A sharp reduction in population size, often leading to decreased genetic diversity

The page also elaborates on ecosystem services:

  1. Provisioning services: Products obtained from ecosystems (e.g., organic products, medicine)
  2. Supporting services: Necessary for the production of all other services (e.g., carbon cycle, photosynthesis)
  3. Regulating services: Benefits from the regulation of ecosystem processes (e.g., pollination, disease control)
  4. Cultural services: Non-material benefits obtained from ecosystems (e.g., aesthetics, tourism)

Example: Anthropogenic disturbances like deforestation can disrupt supporting services such as photosynthesis, limiting oxygen production.

This information is crucial for understanding ecosystem services APES and preparing for APES unit 2 FRQ questions.

1 APES UNIT 2: REVIEW - INTRO TO BIODIVERSITY. 1. biodiversity in an ecosystem includes genetics, species, and habitat diversity 2. more gen

View

Introduction to Biodiversity

This section provides an overview of biodiversity concepts and species classifications in ecosystems.

Biodiversity encompasses genetic, species, and habitat diversity within ecosystems. Greater genetic diversity allows populations to better respond to environmental stressors. The loss of habitat can lead to declines in specialist species adapted to specific conditions.

Definition: Species richness refers to the number of different species present in an ecosystem.

The text contrasts specialist and generalist species:

Highlight: Specialist species have narrow niches and are less adaptable, while generalist species have broad niches and are more adaptable to changing conditions.

Examples of specialists include koalas and pandas, while raccoons exemplify generalists.

Example: Koalas are specialists adapted to eating eucalyptus leaves, while raccoons are generalists that can thrive in diverse habitats and eat a variety of foods.

This foundational knowledge is crucial for understanding biodiversity and genetic diversity in apes unit 2.

1 APES UNIT 2: REVIEW - INTRO TO BIODIVERSITY. 1. biodiversity in an ecosystem includes genetics, species, and habitat diversity 2. more gen

View

Unit 2 Extras: Anthropogenic Disruptions

This final page focuses on anthropogenic disruptions to ecosystems, a critical topic in biodiversity and genetic diversity in apes unit 2 pdf.

The text examines the ecological and economic consequences of human activities:

  1. Extraction, transport, and use of fossil fuels:

    • Ecological consequences: Air and water pollution, decreased biodiversity
    • Economic consequences: Increased respiratory illnesses, expensive cleanup efforts

  2. Air and water pollution:

    • Ecological consequences: Decreased biodiversity, reduced availability of freshwater
    • Economic consequences: Increased healthcare costs due to respiratory illnesses and cancer

Highlight: Anthropogenic disruptions often have both immediate and long-term impacts on ecosystems and human societies.

Example: Oil spills from fossil fuel transport can devastate marine ecosystems and require costly cleanup efforts.

Understanding these human-induced disruptions is essential for addressing environmental challenges and is a key component of the APES unit 2 review PDF.

1 APES UNIT 2: REVIEW - INTRO TO BIODIVERSITY. 1. biodiversity in an ecosystem includes genetics, species, and habitat diversity 2. more gen

View

Island Biogeography and Species Selection

This page explores island biogeography and r/K-selected species, key concepts in APES unit 2 biodiversity.

Island biogeography examines species distribution on islands:

  • Many island species are specialists due to limited resources
  • Invasive generalist species often outcompete native specialists when introduced

The text then explains r- and K-selected species:

Definition: K-selected species are typically large, produce few offspring, have long lifespans, and thrive in stable environments. Examples include elephants.

Definition: r-selected species are usually small, produce many offspring, mature early, have short lifespans, and often live in unstable environments. Examples include dandelions and jellyfish.

Vocabulary: Biotic potential refers to the maximum reproductive rate of a population under ideal conditions.

The page concludes by discussing ecological tolerance:

Definition: Ecological tolerance refers to the range of environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, salinity) that a species can withstand.

Understanding these concepts is crucial for mastering the types of species in apes unit 2 review.

1 APES UNIT 2: REVIEW - INTRO TO BIODIVERSITY. 1. biodiversity in an ecosystem includes genetics, species, and habitat diversity 2. more gen

View

Ecosystem Services and Ecological Succession

This section covers ecosystem services and ecological succession, key topics in ecosystem services and ecological succession apes.

Ecosystem services are categorized into four types:

  1. Provisioning (e.g., food, water, wood)
  2. Supporting (e.g., nutrient cycling, soil formation)
  3. Cultural (e.g., educational, recreational)
  4. Regulating (e.g., climate regulation, water purification)

Highlight: Ecosystem services are vital for human well-being and economic stability.

The text then discusses natural disruptions to ecosystems, including fires, floods, and climate change.

Ecological succession is a central concept:

Definition: Ecological succession is the gradual change in species diversity, usually occurring after a disturbance.

Two types of succession are described:

  1. Primary succession: Occurs in areas without existing soil, such as newly formed volcanic islands.
  2. Secondary succession: Takes place in areas with existing soil, such as abandoned farmland.

Example: In primary succession, mosses and lichens are often pioneer species that break down rock to form soil.

The page also introduces key ecological roles:

Vocabulary:

  • Keystone species play a significant role in community structure
  • Indicator species signal certain qualities of an ecosystem
  • Pioneer species are the first to colonize a disturbed area

Understanding these concepts is essential for mastering ecosystem services and ecological succession apes worksheet materials.

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Subjects

/

AP Environmental Science

/

Populations

/

Species growth

APES Unit 2 Review: Biodiversity, Genetic Diversity, and More

user profile picture

irfane

@minalovesmangoes

·

256 Followers

Follow

Biodiversity and genetic diversity in apes unit 2 covers key ecological concepts including species types, ecosystem services, and succession. This unit explores how genetic and habitat diversity impact ecosystem resilience and examines anthropogenic disruptions to natural systems.

  • Biodiversity encompasses genetic, species, and habitat diversity
  • Genetic diversity allows better responses to environmental stressors
  • Species are classified as specialists or generalists based on niche breadth
  • Island biogeography and r/K selection impact species distribution
  • Ecosystem services include provisioning, regulating, cultural and supporting functions
  • Ecological succession occurs after disturbances, with primary and secondary types
  • Anthropogenic disruptions like pollution have ecological and economic consequences

5/2/2023

117

 

AP Environmental Science

4

1 APES UNIT 2: REVIEW - INTRO TO BIODIVERSITY. 1. biodiversity in an ecosystem includes genetics, species, and habitat diversity 2. more gen

Unit 2 Extras: Key Concepts and Vocabulary

This page provides additional information and definitions for important concepts in APES unit 2 review PDF.

The text includes a diagram illustrating the impact of keystone species on ecosystem biodiversity.

Highlight: Keystone species, such as wolves, can significantly influence the structure and function of an entire ecosystem.

Key vocabulary terms are defined:

Vocabulary:

  • Species evenness: The distribution of abundance across species in an area
  • Founder effect: Reduced genetic diversity in a new population established by a small number of individuals
  • Population bottleneck: A sharp reduction in population size, often leading to decreased genetic diversity

The page also elaborates on ecosystem services:

  1. Provisioning services: Products obtained from ecosystems (e.g., organic products, medicine)
  2. Supporting services: Necessary for the production of all other services (e.g., carbon cycle, photosynthesis)
  3. Regulating services: Benefits from the regulation of ecosystem processes (e.g., pollination, disease control)
  4. Cultural services: Non-material benefits obtained from ecosystems (e.g., aesthetics, tourism)

Example: Anthropogenic disturbances like deforestation can disrupt supporting services such as photosynthesis, limiting oxygen production.

This information is crucial for understanding ecosystem services APES and preparing for APES unit 2 FRQ questions.

1 APES UNIT 2: REVIEW - INTRO TO BIODIVERSITY. 1. biodiversity in an ecosystem includes genetics, species, and habitat diversity 2. more gen

Introduction to Biodiversity

This section provides an overview of biodiversity concepts and species classifications in ecosystems.

Biodiversity encompasses genetic, species, and habitat diversity within ecosystems. Greater genetic diversity allows populations to better respond to environmental stressors. The loss of habitat can lead to declines in specialist species adapted to specific conditions.

Definition: Species richness refers to the number of different species present in an ecosystem.

The text contrasts specialist and generalist species:

Highlight: Specialist species have narrow niches and are less adaptable, while generalist species have broad niches and are more adaptable to changing conditions.

Examples of specialists include koalas and pandas, while raccoons exemplify generalists.

Example: Koalas are specialists adapted to eating eucalyptus leaves, while raccoons are generalists that can thrive in diverse habitats and eat a variety of foods.

This foundational knowledge is crucial for understanding biodiversity and genetic diversity in apes unit 2.

1 APES UNIT 2: REVIEW - INTRO TO BIODIVERSITY. 1. biodiversity in an ecosystem includes genetics, species, and habitat diversity 2. more gen

Unit 2 Extras: Anthropogenic Disruptions

This final page focuses on anthropogenic disruptions to ecosystems, a critical topic in biodiversity and genetic diversity in apes unit 2 pdf.

The text examines the ecological and economic consequences of human activities:

  1. Extraction, transport, and use of fossil fuels:

    • Ecological consequences: Air and water pollution, decreased biodiversity
    • Economic consequences: Increased respiratory illnesses, expensive cleanup efforts

  2. Air and water pollution:

    • Ecological consequences: Decreased biodiversity, reduced availability of freshwater
    • Economic consequences: Increased healthcare costs due to respiratory illnesses and cancer

Highlight: Anthropogenic disruptions often have both immediate and long-term impacts on ecosystems and human societies.

Example: Oil spills from fossil fuel transport can devastate marine ecosystems and require costly cleanup efforts.

Understanding these human-induced disruptions is essential for addressing environmental challenges and is a key component of the APES unit 2 review PDF.

1 APES UNIT 2: REVIEW - INTRO TO BIODIVERSITY. 1. biodiversity in an ecosystem includes genetics, species, and habitat diversity 2. more gen

Island Biogeography and Species Selection

This page explores island biogeography and r/K-selected species, key concepts in APES unit 2 biodiversity.

Island biogeography examines species distribution on islands:

  • Many island species are specialists due to limited resources
  • Invasive generalist species often outcompete native specialists when introduced

The text then explains r- and K-selected species:

Definition: K-selected species are typically large, produce few offspring, have long lifespans, and thrive in stable environments. Examples include elephants.

Definition: r-selected species are usually small, produce many offspring, mature early, have short lifespans, and often live in unstable environments. Examples include dandelions and jellyfish.

Vocabulary: Biotic potential refers to the maximum reproductive rate of a population under ideal conditions.

The page concludes by discussing ecological tolerance:

Definition: Ecological tolerance refers to the range of environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, salinity) that a species can withstand.

Understanding these concepts is crucial for mastering the types of species in apes unit 2 review.

1 APES UNIT 2: REVIEW - INTRO TO BIODIVERSITY. 1. biodiversity in an ecosystem includes genetics, species, and habitat diversity 2. more gen

Ecosystem Services and Ecological Succession

This section covers ecosystem services and ecological succession, key topics in ecosystem services and ecological succession apes.

Ecosystem services are categorized into four types:

  1. Provisioning (e.g., food, water, wood)
  2. Supporting (e.g., nutrient cycling, soil formation)
  3. Cultural (e.g., educational, recreational)
  4. Regulating (e.g., climate regulation, water purification)

Highlight: Ecosystem services are vital for human well-being and economic stability.

The text then discusses natural disruptions to ecosystems, including fires, floods, and climate change.

Ecological succession is a central concept:

Definition: Ecological succession is the gradual change in species diversity, usually occurring after a disturbance.

Two types of succession are described:

  1. Primary succession: Occurs in areas without existing soil, such as newly formed volcanic islands.
  2. Secondary succession: Takes place in areas with existing soil, such as abandoned farmland.

Example: In primary succession, mosses and lichens are often pioneer species that break down rock to form soil.

The page also introduces key ecological roles:

Vocabulary:

  • Keystone species play a significant role in community structure
  • Indicator species signal certain qualities of an ecosystem
  • Pioneer species are the first to colonize a disturbed area

Understanding these concepts is essential for mastering ecosystem services and ecological succession apes worksheet materials.

Similar Content

AP Environmental Science - APES Final Notes

Notes of the high weighted units of APES. Watch Jordan Smedes' videos on youtube and use these notes to review for the AP test.

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993

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Know APES Final Notes thumbnail

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The objective of these notes is to understand biodiversity in an ecosystem.

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Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

Knowunity was a featured story by Apple and has consistently topped the app store charts within the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.

Ranked #1 Education App

Download in

Google Play

Download in

App Store

Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

4.9+

Average App Rating

13 M

Students use Knowunity

#1

In Education App Charts in 12 Countries

950 K+

Students uploaded study notes

Still not sure? Look at what your fellow peers are saying...

iOS User

I love this app so much [...] I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a C to an A with it :D

Stefan S, iOS User

The application is very simple and well designed. So far I have found what I was looking for :D

SuSSan, iOS User

Love this App ❤️, I use it basically all the time whenever I'm studying