Biology
Chemistry
AP Chemistry
English
AP English Literature
AP Human Geography
Nov 25, 2025
648
8 pages
Jake Stewart @jakefromstatefarm
The study of political geography encompasses key concepts of state formation, boundaries, and international relations, with a focus... Show more
Page 2 Political Processes and Historical Context
This page delves into political processes and historical events that have shaped global politics.
Vocabulary Centripetal forces unite people, while centrifugal forces divide them in AP human geography.
The Berlin Conference and its impact on Africa are discussed, introducing concepts of imperialism and colonialism.
Example The Cold War is cited as a period of rivalry between the Soviet Union and the United States from the 1940s to 1990s.
Highlight The process of devolution, where regions gain increased autonomy, is an important concept in understanding modern political shifts.
Page 3 Political Power and Territoriality
This page focuses on the relationship between geography, politics, and territorial control.
Definition Geopolitics is defined as the study of the effects of geography on politics and relations among states.
Vocabulary Territoriality refers to the willingness of a person or group to defend their space.
The concept of neocolonialism is introduced, highlighting the continued influence of developed countries over developing nations.
Example Neocolonialism can be observed in economic relationships between former colonial powers and their former colonies.
Page 4 Political Boundaries and Forms of Governance
This page introduces various types of political boundaries and their characteristics.
Vocabulary Physical geographic features serve as natural borders between areas, while cultural boundaries divide people based on centrifugal cultural traits.
Different types of boundaries are explained, including antecedent, subsequent, superimposed, relic, and geometric boundaries.
Example The US-Canada border is an example of a geometric boundary, as it follows a straight line along the 49th parallel for much of its length.
Highlight The distinction between open and militarized boundaries is crucial in understanding border control policies.
Page 5 Functions of Political Boundaries
This page explores the various functions and disputes related to political boundaries.
Definition A defined boundary is established through legality and divides political entities.
The page covers different types of boundary disputes, including definitional, locational, operational, and allocation disputes.
Vocabulary Irredentism is a type of expansionism where one country seeks to annex a territory with cultural or historical ties to the parent country.
Example The concept of shatterbelt can be observed in regions like the Middle East, where political boundaries often do not align with cultural and economic landscapes.
Highlight The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea is mentioned, introducing the concept of sea border zones.
Page 5 Maritime Boundaries and Electoral Geography
This page covers maritime zones and internal political divisions, particularly focusing on electoral geography.
Vocabulary Exclusive Economic Zone extends up to 200 miles from shore for resource exploitation.
Definition Electoral Geography analyzes spatial patterns in voting and elections.
Example Coastal states' maritime claims demonstrate complex overlapping jurisdictions.
Page 6 Government Systems and Modern Challenges
This section explores different systems of government and contemporary political challenges.
Definition A Federal State maintains multiple levels of sovereignty within one system.
Example The United States exemplifies a federal system with power shared between national and state governments.
Page 7 Devolution and Global Integration
This page examines devolution and its impact on modern state structures, along with global integration processes.
Vocabulary Balkanization refers to state fragmentation along ethnic lines.
Definition Supranationalism involves states forming organizations for mutual benefit.
Example The European Union represents supranationalism in practice.
Page 1 Introduction to Political Geography
This page introduces core concepts in political geography, focusing on states, nations, and sovereignty.
Definition A state is defined as the largest political unit with a defined boundary, permanent population, recognition, and sovereignty.
Vocabulary Sovereignty refers to the power of a political unit or government to rule over its own affairs.
The page distinguishes between nations and states, introducing the concept of nation-states and multinational states.
Example A nation-state is exemplified by countries like Japan, where the national and state boundaries largely coincide.
Highlight The concept of stateless nations, such as the Kurds, is introduced, referring to cultural groups without an independent state.
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
63
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
Jake Stewart
@jakefromstatefarm
The study of political geography encompasses key concepts of state formation, boundaries, and international relations, with a focus on nation-state development and political processes. This comprehensive unit explores everything from sovereignty to modern challenges in global politics.
Key points:
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Improve your grades
Join milions of students
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Page 2: Political Processes and Historical Context
This page delves into political processes and historical events that have shaped global politics.
Vocabulary: Centripetal forces unite people, while centrifugal forces divide them in AP human geography.
The Berlin Conference and its impact on Africa are discussed, introducing concepts of imperialism and colonialism.
Example: The Cold War is cited as a period of rivalry between the Soviet Union and the United States from the 1940s to 1990s.
Highlight: The process of devolution, where regions gain increased autonomy, is an important concept in understanding modern political shifts.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Page 3: Political Power and Territoriality
This page focuses on the relationship between geography, politics, and territorial control.
Definition: Geopolitics is defined as the study of the effects of geography on politics and relations among states.
Vocabulary: Territoriality refers to the willingness of a person or group to defend their space.
The concept of neocolonialism is introduced, highlighting the continued influence of developed countries over developing nations.
Example: Neocolonialism can be observed in economic relationships between former colonial powers and their former colonies.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Page 4: Political Boundaries and Forms of Governance
This page introduces various types of political boundaries and their characteristics.
Vocabulary: Physical geographic features serve as natural borders between areas, while cultural boundaries divide people based on centrifugal cultural traits.
Different types of boundaries are explained, including antecedent, subsequent, superimposed, relic, and geometric boundaries.
Example: The US-Canada border is an example of a geometric boundary, as it follows a straight line along the 49th parallel for much of its length.
Highlight: The distinction between open and militarized boundaries is crucial in understanding border control policies.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Page 5: Functions of Political Boundaries
This page explores the various functions and disputes related to political boundaries.
Definition: A defined boundary is established through legality and divides political entities.
The page covers different types of boundary disputes, including definitional, locational, operational, and allocation disputes.
Vocabulary: Irredentism is a type of expansionism where one country seeks to annex a territory with cultural or historical ties to the parent country.
Example: The concept of shatterbelt can be observed in regions like the Middle East, where political boundaries often do not align with cultural and economic landscapes.
Highlight: The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea is mentioned, introducing the concept of sea border zones.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Page 5: Maritime Boundaries and Electoral Geography
This page covers maritime zones and internal political divisions, particularly focusing on electoral geography.
Vocabulary: Exclusive Economic Zone extends up to 200 miles from shore for resource exploitation.
Definition: Electoral Geography analyzes spatial patterns in voting and elections.
Example: Coastal states' maritime claims demonstrate complex overlapping jurisdictions.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Page 6: Government Systems and Modern Challenges
This section explores different systems of government and contemporary political challenges.
Definition: A Federal State maintains multiple levels of sovereignty within one system.
Example: The United States exemplifies a federal system with power shared between national and state governments.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Page 7: Devolution and Global Integration
This page examines devolution and its impact on modern state structures, along with global integration processes.
Vocabulary: Balkanization refers to state fragmentation along ethnic lines.
Definition: Supranationalism involves states forming organizations for mutual benefit.
Example: The European Union represents supranationalism in practice.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Page 1: Introduction to Political Geography
This page introduces core concepts in political geography, focusing on states, nations, and sovereignty.
Definition: A state is defined as the largest political unit with a defined boundary, permanent population, recognition, and sovereignty.
Vocabulary: Sovereignty refers to the power of a political unit or government to rule over its own affairs.
The page distinguishes between nations and states, introducing the concept of nation-states and multinational states.
Example: A nation-state is exemplified by countries like Japan, where the national and state boundaries largely coincide.
Highlight: The concept of stateless nations, such as the Kurds, is introduced, referring to cultural groups without an independent state.
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
63
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
