Understanding Density and States of Matter

This comprehensive page covers fundamental concepts of density measurement, states of matter, and energy changes during phase transitions. The content explores particle theory and practical applications in physics.

Definition: Density is the measurement of mass per unit volume, expressed as kg/m³ or g/cm³, where 1g/cm³ equals 1000kg/m³.

Example: To find an irregular object's volume, use a eureka can and measuring cylinder - the displaced water volume equals the object's volume.

Highlight: Larger volume measurements provide more accurate density calculations by minimizing uncertainty effects.

Vocabulary: Specific latent heat refers to the energy needed to change 1 kg of a substance from one state to another without temperature change.

The page details the characteristics of three states of matter:

Solids:

• Closely packed particles
• Particles vibrate in fixed positions
• Definite shape and volume

Liquids:

• Closely packed particles that can flow
• Take container's shape
• Definite volume

Gases:

• Widely spaced particles
• Random particle movement
• No fixed shape or volume
• Highly compressible

Definition: Temperature is a measure of the average internal energy of particles in a substance.

The text also explains energy changes during state transitions using the formula E=mxL, where:

• E = energy required/released (J)
• m = mass (kg)
• L = Latent heat (J/kg)