Subjects
Biology
Chemistry
AP Chemistry
English
AP English Literature
3
0
Lucia Bonaldi
12/16/2025
Psychology
Bio psychology
217
•
Dec 16, 2025
•
Lucia Bonaldi
@luciab.12
Your brain is basically the world's most sophisticated computer, controlling... Show more
Ever wondered why you can speak but struggle to draw with your non-dominant hand? Your cerebral cortex is divided into specialised areas that handle different jobs. The motor area controls voluntary movement, while the somatosensory area processes touch and sensory information from the opposite side of your body.
Language centres are particularly fascinating. Broca's area handles speech production - damage here causes slow, broken speech. Wernicke's area deals with language comprehension - damage means you can speak fluently but it makes no sense. Both areas are typically located in the left hemisphere, showing how your brain has preferred sides for different tasks.
Your brain also has four main lobes: frontal (thinking and personality), parietal (sensory processing), temporal (hearing and memory), and occipital (vision). Each lobe specialises in different functions, though they work together seamlessly.
Key Insight: Brain damage in specific areas causes predictable problems, proving that different brain regions have distinct jobs - this is called localisation of function.
Your body runs on two main control systems that work like a complex communication network. The central nervous system (CNS) includes your brain and spinal cord - think of it as mission control. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) connects everything else to your brain.
The PNS splits into two branches. The somatic nervous system handles voluntary actions like texting or walking. The autonomic nervous system manages involuntary functions like breathing and digestion without you thinking about it.
Within the autonomic system, you've got two opposing forces. The sympathetic nervous system kicks in during stress, triggering your fight-or-flight response - increased heart rate, dilated pupils, and heightened alertness. The parasympathetic nervous system does the opposite, calming you down and returning your body to normal after the threat passes.
Remember: Your spinal cord isn't just a message highway - it also handles reflex actions independently, which is why you pull your hand away from heat before consciously feeling pain.
Your endocrine system works like a chemical messaging service, using hormones instead of electrical signals. Unlike your nervous system's instant messages, hormones travel through your bloodstream and create longer-lasting effects on your mood, growth, and behaviour.
The hypothalamus and pituitary gland act as the control centre, releasing hormones that tell other glands what to do. Your adrenal glands pump out adrenaline during emergencies, while your thyroid regulates metabolism with thyroxine. Even your sleep-wake cycle depends on melatonin from the tiny pineal gland.
Synaptic transmission is how your neurons actually communicate. When an electrical impulse reaches the end of a neuron, it releases neurotransmitters into the gap (synapse). These chemicals either excite the next neuron (making it more likely to fire) or inhibit it (making it less likely to fire).
Fun Fact: You have three types of neurons - sensory neurons that detect stimuli, relay neurons that process information in your brain and spinal cord, and motor neurons that control muscle movements.
Your body runs on natural biological rhythms that control when you sleep, wake, and even when certain hormones are released. Circadian rhythms follow a roughly 24-hour cycle, controlled by your brain's internal clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN).
Sleep stages cycle every 90 minutes throughout the night. You move through light sleep , deep sleep , and REM sleep where most vivid dreaming occurs. Your brain literally paralyses your body during REM to stop you acting out dreams!
Split-brain research by Sperry revealed how your brain's hemispheres specialise differently. When the connection between hemispheres is cut, patients can't verbally describe objects shown to their right hemisphere because language is processed in the left hemisphere. However, they can draw or point to these objects, showing the right hemisphere excels at visual-spatial tasks.
Study Tip: Ultradian rhythms (like sleep cycles) occur multiple times per day, while infradian rhythms (like menstrual cycles) take longer than 24 hours to complete.
Your brain isn't fixed - it's constantly changing through plasticity. During childhood, your brain forms millions of connections, then prunes away unused ones to become more efficient. Even after brain damage from strokes, healthy areas can sometimes take over lost functions, especially in younger people.
Neuroplasticity explains why London taxi drivers have enlarged hippocampi (the brain's GPS system) and why education seems to help recovery after brain injury. Your brain literally rewires itself based on how you use it.
Modern brain research uses several key methods. EEGs measure electrical brain activity and are great for studying sleep patterns. fMRI scans show which brain areas are active by detecting blood flow changes. Post-mortem examinations of damaged brains helped establish early understanding of brain function, though they can't prove direct cause-and-effect relationships.
Real-World Application: Understanding brain plasticity has revolutionised stroke rehabilitation - the earlier and more intensive the therapy, the better the recovery outcomes.
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
Lucia Bonaldi
@luciab.12
Your brain is basically the world's most sophisticated computer, controlling everything from your heartbeat to your ability to understand this sentence. Biopsychology explores how your nervous system, hormones, and brain structures work together to create your thoughts, emotions, and behaviours.
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Ever wondered why you can speak but struggle to draw with your non-dominant hand? Your cerebral cortex is divided into specialised areas that handle different jobs. The motor area controls voluntary movement, while the somatosensory area processes touch and sensory information from the opposite side of your body.
Language centres are particularly fascinating. Broca's area handles speech production - damage here causes slow, broken speech. Wernicke's area deals with language comprehension - damage means you can speak fluently but it makes no sense. Both areas are typically located in the left hemisphere, showing how your brain has preferred sides for different tasks.
Your brain also has four main lobes: frontal (thinking and personality), parietal (sensory processing), temporal (hearing and memory), and occipital (vision). Each lobe specialises in different functions, though they work together seamlessly.
Key Insight: Brain damage in specific areas causes predictable problems, proving that different brain regions have distinct jobs - this is called localisation of function.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Your body runs on two main control systems that work like a complex communication network. The central nervous system (CNS) includes your brain and spinal cord - think of it as mission control. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) connects everything else to your brain.
The PNS splits into two branches. The somatic nervous system handles voluntary actions like texting or walking. The autonomic nervous system manages involuntary functions like breathing and digestion without you thinking about it.
Within the autonomic system, you've got two opposing forces. The sympathetic nervous system kicks in during stress, triggering your fight-or-flight response - increased heart rate, dilated pupils, and heightened alertness. The parasympathetic nervous system does the opposite, calming you down and returning your body to normal after the threat passes.
Remember: Your spinal cord isn't just a message highway - it also handles reflex actions independently, which is why you pull your hand away from heat before consciously feeling pain.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Your endocrine system works like a chemical messaging service, using hormones instead of electrical signals. Unlike your nervous system's instant messages, hormones travel through your bloodstream and create longer-lasting effects on your mood, growth, and behaviour.
The hypothalamus and pituitary gland act as the control centre, releasing hormones that tell other glands what to do. Your adrenal glands pump out adrenaline during emergencies, while your thyroid regulates metabolism with thyroxine. Even your sleep-wake cycle depends on melatonin from the tiny pineal gland.
Synaptic transmission is how your neurons actually communicate. When an electrical impulse reaches the end of a neuron, it releases neurotransmitters into the gap (synapse). These chemicals either excite the next neuron (making it more likely to fire) or inhibit it (making it less likely to fire).
Fun Fact: You have three types of neurons - sensory neurons that detect stimuli, relay neurons that process information in your brain and spinal cord, and motor neurons that control muscle movements.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Your body runs on natural biological rhythms that control when you sleep, wake, and even when certain hormones are released. Circadian rhythms follow a roughly 24-hour cycle, controlled by your brain's internal clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN).
Sleep stages cycle every 90 minutes throughout the night. You move through light sleep , deep sleep , and REM sleep where most vivid dreaming occurs. Your brain literally paralyses your body during REM to stop you acting out dreams!
Split-brain research by Sperry revealed how your brain's hemispheres specialise differently. When the connection between hemispheres is cut, patients can't verbally describe objects shown to their right hemisphere because language is processed in the left hemisphere. However, they can draw or point to these objects, showing the right hemisphere excels at visual-spatial tasks.
Study Tip: Ultradian rhythms (like sleep cycles) occur multiple times per day, while infradian rhythms (like menstrual cycles) take longer than 24 hours to complete.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Your brain isn't fixed - it's constantly changing through plasticity. During childhood, your brain forms millions of connections, then prunes away unused ones to become more efficient. Even after brain damage from strokes, healthy areas can sometimes take over lost functions, especially in younger people.
Neuroplasticity explains why London taxi drivers have enlarged hippocampi (the brain's GPS system) and why education seems to help recovery after brain injury. Your brain literally rewires itself based on how you use it.
Modern brain research uses several key methods. EEGs measure electrical brain activity and are great for studying sleep patterns. fMRI scans show which brain areas are active by detecting blood flow changes. Post-mortem examinations of damaged brains helped establish early understanding of brain function, though they can't prove direct cause-and-effect relationships.
Real-World Application: Understanding brain plasticity has revolutionised stroke rehabilitation - the earlier and more intensive the therapy, the better the recovery outcomes.
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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In class notes
AP PsychologyAP Psych
AP PsychologyStudy notes covering AP Psych curriculum
AP PsychologyNotes relating to REM sleep cycle and drugs/stimulants.
AP PsychologyBiological Bases of Behavior
AP PsychologyUnit 4 - Biopsychology: State of Consciousness 9th grade high school
PsychologyApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
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