Period 4 APUSH saw the rise of political parties, Jefferson's presidency, and key events like the Louisiana Purchase and War of 1812. This era shaped America's political landscape and territorial expansion.
Download in
Google Play
APUSH Period 4: Political Parties, Jefferson, and the Louisiana Purchase
5/5/2023
806
Rise of Political Parties and the Age of Jefferson
The election of Thomas Jefferson in 1800 marked a significant shift in American politics, ushering in the era of Democratic-Republican Party dominance. Jefferson aimed to limit federal power by repealing taxes and reducing government positions.
Highlight: The peaceful transfer of power between differing political parties was a crucial moment in American democracy.
The Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase was a pivotal event during Jefferson's presidency.
Definition: The Louisiana Purchase was the acquisition of 828,000 square miles of territory from France in 1803, doubling the size of the United States.
Key points about the Louisiana Purchase:
- France lost interest in the territory after losing Haiti in the Haitian Revolution
- Jefferson initially sought only navigation rights on the Mississippi River
- James Monroe negotiated the purchase of the entire territory for $15 million
- Jefferson faced a dilemma due to his strict constructionist views
- The purchase opened opportunities for westward expansion and reduced European influence
Vocabulary: Strict Constructionism - The principle that the federal government can only do what is explicitly written in the Constitution.
Corps of Discovery
Jefferson commissioned the Lewis and Clark expedition (Corps of Discovery) to explore the newly acquired territory. This mission provided:
- More accurate mapping of the region
- Greater scientific knowledge
- Establishment of diplomatic relationships with Native American tribes
Example: Zebulon Pike explored the southern part of the Louisiana Territory in 1806.
Politics and Regional Interests
The post-war era saw efforts to address national weaknesses and promote economic development.
Henry Clay's American System
Clay proposed a comprehensive economic plan including:
- Federally funded infrastructure improvements
- Protective tariffs for U.S. manufacturers
- Establishment of a Second Bank of the United States
Example: The Second Bank of the United States was created to ensure a stable national currency.
Westward Expansion and Regional Tensions
Improved transportation and cheap land led to increased settlement of the western frontier. This expansion raised new tensions, particularly regarding the spread of slavery.
Highlight: The Missouri statehood controversy in 1819 brought the issue of slavery's expansion to the forefront of national politics.
The Tallmadge Amendment, which would have gradually eliminated slavery in Missouri, sparked intense debate and foreshadowed future conflicts over slavery's expansion into new territories.
The War of 1812
The War of 1812 was a defining conflict of the early 19th century.
Main causes:
- Continued impressment of American citizens by the British Navy
- Conflicts on the western frontier, including British support for Native American resistance
Vocabulary: War Hawks - Politicians who advocated for war against Britain to defend American honor.
Key outcomes:
- Increased American nationalism
- Decline of the Federalist Party, especially after the controversial Hartford Convention
- Exposed weaknesses in American infrastructure and financial systems
The Supreme Court under John Marshall
John Marshall, the 4th Chief Justice, significantly shaped the power of the Supreme Court during this period.
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
This landmark case established the principle of judicial review.
Definition: Judicial review is the power of the Supreme Court to decide if a law is constitutional.
Key points:
- Arose from the "Midnight Judges" controversy during the transition from Adams to Jefferson
- Established the Supreme Court's power to declare laws unconstitutional
- Greatly increased the Court's influence in the American political system
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
This case further strengthened federal power over state authority.
Highlight: The ruling established that national law takes precedence over state law when they contradict each other.
Barbary Pirates Conflict
Jefferson faced foreign policy challenges, including conflicts with the Barbary States of North Africa. His refusal to pay increased tributes led to intermittent warfare.
Similar Content
14
105
APUSH | Chapter 11: The Triumphs and Travails of the Jeffersonian Republic Notes
Notes on Chapter 11: The Triumphs and Travails of the Jeffersonian Republic. Information is from American Pageant (16th edition) by David M. Kennedy and Lizabeth Cohen.
2
32
Adams, Jefferson, and Madison Notes
This highlights the presidencies of Adams, Jefferson, and Madison. Many things occurred during these presidencies that changed the political/economical/geographical climate of the United States.
1
11
3.01 isolationism, intervention, and imperialism
isolationism, intervention, and imperialism, big stick policy, Turners thesis, dollar diplomacy
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries
Knowunity was a featured story by Apple and has consistently topped the app store charts within the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.
4.9+
Average App Rating
13 M
Students use Knowunity
#1
In Education App Charts in 12 Countries
950 K+
Students uploaded study notes
Still not sure? Look at what your fellow peers are saying...
iOS User
I love this app so much [...] I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a C to an A with it :D
Stefan S, iOS User
The application is very simple and well designed. So far I have found what I was looking for :D
SuSSan, iOS User
Love this App ❤️, I use it basically all the time whenever I'm studying
APUSH Period 4: Political Parties, Jefferson, and the Louisiana Purchase
Period 4 APUSH saw the rise of political parties, Jefferson's presidency, and key events like the Louisiana Purchase and War of 1812. This era shaped America's political landscape and territorial expansion.
Rise of Political Parties and the Age of Jefferson
The election of Thomas Jefferson in 1800 marked a significant shift in American politics, ushering in the era of Democratic-Republican Party dominance. Jefferson aimed to limit federal power by repealing taxes and reducing government positions.
Highlight: The peaceful transfer of power between differing political parties was a crucial moment in American democracy.
The Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase was a pivotal event during Jefferson's presidency.
Definition: The Louisiana Purchase was the acquisition of 828,000 square miles of territory from France in 1803, doubling the size of the United States.
Key points about the Louisiana Purchase:
- France lost interest in the territory after losing Haiti in the Haitian Revolution
- Jefferson initially sought only navigation rights on the Mississippi River
- James Monroe negotiated the purchase of the entire territory for $15 million
- Jefferson faced a dilemma due to his strict constructionist views
- The purchase opened opportunities for westward expansion and reduced European influence
Vocabulary: Strict Constructionism - The principle that the federal government can only do what is explicitly written in the Constitution.
Corps of Discovery
Jefferson commissioned the Lewis and Clark expedition (Corps of Discovery) to explore the newly acquired territory. This mission provided:
- More accurate mapping of the region
- Greater scientific knowledge
- Establishment of diplomatic relationships with Native American tribes
Example: Zebulon Pike explored the southern part of the Louisiana Territory in 1806.
Politics and Regional Interests
The post-war era saw efforts to address national weaknesses and promote economic development.
Henry Clay's American System
Clay proposed a comprehensive economic plan including:
- Federally funded infrastructure improvements
- Protective tariffs for U.S. manufacturers
- Establishment of a Second Bank of the United States
Example: The Second Bank of the United States was created to ensure a stable national currency.
Westward Expansion and Regional Tensions
Improved transportation and cheap land led to increased settlement of the western frontier. This expansion raised new tensions, particularly regarding the spread of slavery.
Highlight: The Missouri statehood controversy in 1819 brought the issue of slavery's expansion to the forefront of national politics.
The Tallmadge Amendment, which would have gradually eliminated slavery in Missouri, sparked intense debate and foreshadowed future conflicts over slavery's expansion into new territories.
The War of 1812
The War of 1812 was a defining conflict of the early 19th century.
Main causes:
- Continued impressment of American citizens by the British Navy
- Conflicts on the western frontier, including British support for Native American resistance
Vocabulary: War Hawks - Politicians who advocated for war against Britain to defend American honor.
Key outcomes:
- Increased American nationalism
- Decline of the Federalist Party, especially after the controversial Hartford Convention
- Exposed weaknesses in American infrastructure and financial systems
The Supreme Court under John Marshall
John Marshall, the 4th Chief Justice, significantly shaped the power of the Supreme Court during this period.
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
This landmark case established the principle of judicial review.
Definition: Judicial review is the power of the Supreme Court to decide if a law is constitutional.
Key points:
- Arose from the "Midnight Judges" controversy during the transition from Adams to Jefferson
- Established the Supreme Court's power to declare laws unconstitutional
- Greatly increased the Court's influence in the American political system
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
This case further strengthened federal power over state authority.
Highlight: The ruling established that national law takes precedence over state law when they contradict each other.
Barbary Pirates Conflict
Jefferson faced foreign policy challenges, including conflicts with the Barbary States of North Africa. His refusal to pay increased tributes led to intermittent warfare.
Similar Content
AP US History - APUSH | Chapter 11: The Triumphs and Travails of the Jeffersonian Republic Notes
Notes on Chapter 11: The Triumphs and Travails of the Jeffersonian Republic. Information is from American Pageant (16th edition) by David M. Kennedy and Lizabeth Cohen.
14
105
0
AP US History - Adams, Jefferson, and Madison Notes
This highlights the presidencies of Adams, Jefferson, and Madison. Many things occurred during these presidencies that changed the political/economical/geographical climate of the United States.
2
32
0
US History - 3.01 isolationism, intervention, and imperialism
isolationism, intervention, and imperialism, big stick policy, Turners thesis, dollar diplomacy
1
11
0
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries
Knowunity was a featured story by Apple and has consistently topped the app store charts within the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.
4.9+
Average App Rating
13 M
Students use Knowunity
#1
In Education App Charts in 12 Countries
950 K+
Students uploaded study notes
Still not sure? Look at what your fellow peers are saying...
iOS User
I love this app so much [...] I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a C to an A with it :D
Stefan S, iOS User
The application is very simple and well designed. So far I have found what I was looking for :D
SuSSan, iOS User