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AP US History125 views·Updated Jul 26, 2026·2 pagesAPUSH Unit 2 Study Guide: Causes of the American Revolution
1
of 2
Causes of the American Revolution
The American Revolution began brewing after the French and Indian War when Britain ended its policy of Salutary Neglect and started enforcing control over the colonies. Following expensive war debts, Britain imposed new taxes like the Sugar Act, which lowered tax rates but removed jury trials for smugglers—a move colonists saw as an attack on their rights.
Colonial resistance took many forms. "No taxation without representation" became their rallying cry, arguing that without representatives in Parliament, they shouldn't pay British taxes. Colonists organized boycotts of British goods, wore homespun cloth instead of British textiles, and formed groups like the Sons of Liberty to coordinate resistance.
British policies continued to provoke colonial anger. The Proclamation of 1763 prohibited settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains, frustrating colonists who wanted to expand westward. As tensions escalated, colonial leaders formed the Stamp Act Congress to list their grievances, and later organized the Continental Congress which eventually produced the Declaration of Independence.
Remember This! The colonists tried peaceful solutions first—the Olive Branch Petition was their final attempt at reconciliation with Britain before deciding independence was necessary.
The path to revolution accelerated after the Boston Massacre, where British troops stationed in Boston fired on colonists, further inflaming tensions. Organized resistance through Committees of Correspondence helped colonies communicate and coordinate their responses to British actions, creating a unified colonial voice.
2
of 2
The Revolution and Creating a New Government
The American Revolution divided colonists into Patriots who supported independence and Loyalists who remained faithful to Britain. Both sides had distinct advantages—Britain possessed a professional army and naval power, while Americans had home-field knowledge, motivation, and eventually foreign support from France. The American victory at Saratoga proved pivotal in securing this French alliance.
After winning independence at Yorktown, Americans created their first national framework with the Articles of Confederation, which established a weak central government with no taxing power. This weakness became apparent during Shays' Rebellion, when the government couldn't respond effectively to an uprising of indebted farmers in Massachusetts.
The Constitutional Convention addressed these problems through crucial compromises. The Great Compromise balanced representation between large and small states, while the Three-Fifths Compromise addressed the counting of enslaved people for representation. The debate over ratification divided Americans into Federalists who supported the Constitution and Anti-Federalists who feared centralized power.
Make the Connection: The Bill of Rights was added to protect individual liberties and secure Anti-Federalist support for the Constitution. These first ten amendments continue to safeguard American freedoms today!
James Madison, known as the "Father of the Constitution," alongside Alexander Hamilton and John Jay, wrote the Federalist Papers to argue for ratification. Meanwhile, the Northwest Ordinance established an organized process for creating new states, prohibiting slavery in these territories and setting a precedent for westward expansion under the new government.
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AP US History125 views·Updated Jul 26, 2026·2 pagesAPUSH Unit 2 Study Guide: Causes of the American Revolution
Get ready to dive into the key events and concepts of the American Revolution and the formation of the United States government. This summary covers the major causes that sparked colonial rebellion, the Revolution itself, and how Americans created their...
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Causes of the American Revolution
The American Revolution began brewing after the French and Indian War when Britain ended its policy of Salutary Neglect and started enforcing control over the colonies. Following expensive war debts, Britain imposed new taxes like the Sugar Act, which lowered tax rates but removed jury trials for smugglers—a move colonists saw as an attack on their rights.
Colonial resistance took many forms. "No taxation without representation" became their rallying cry, arguing that without representatives in Parliament, they shouldn't pay British taxes. Colonists organized boycotts of British goods, wore homespun cloth instead of British textiles, and formed groups like the Sons of Liberty to coordinate resistance.
British policies continued to provoke colonial anger. The Proclamation of 1763 prohibited settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains, frustrating colonists who wanted to expand westward. As tensions escalated, colonial leaders formed the Stamp Act Congress to list their grievances, and later organized the Continental Congress which eventually produced the Declaration of Independence.
Remember This! The colonists tried peaceful solutions first—the Olive Branch Petition was their final attempt at reconciliation with Britain before deciding independence was necessary.
The path to revolution accelerated after the Boston Massacre, where British troops stationed in Boston fired on colonists, further inflaming tensions. Organized resistance through Committees of Correspondence helped colonies communicate and coordinate their responses to British actions, creating a unified colonial voice.
2
of 2Sign up to see the content. It's free!
- Access to all documents
- Improve your grades
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The Revolution and Creating a New Government
The American Revolution divided colonists into Patriots who supported independence and Loyalists who remained faithful to Britain. Both sides had distinct advantages—Britain possessed a professional army and naval power, while Americans had home-field knowledge, motivation, and eventually foreign support from France. The American victory at Saratoga proved pivotal in securing this French alliance.
After winning independence at Yorktown, Americans created their first national framework with the Articles of Confederation, which established a weak central government with no taxing power. This weakness became apparent during Shays' Rebellion, when the government couldn't respond effectively to an uprising of indebted farmers in Massachusetts.
The Constitutional Convention addressed these problems through crucial compromises. The Great Compromise balanced representation between large and small states, while the Three-Fifths Compromise addressed the counting of enslaved people for representation. The debate over ratification divided Americans into Federalists who supported the Constitution and Anti-Federalists who feared centralized power.
Make the Connection: The Bill of Rights was added to protect individual liberties and secure Anti-Federalist support for the Constitution. These first ten amendments continue to safeguard American freedoms today!
James Madison, known as the "Father of the Constitution," alongside Alexander Hamilton and John Jay, wrote the Federalist Papers to argue for ratification. Meanwhile, the Northwest Ordinance established an organized process for creating new states, prohibiting slavery in these territories and setting a precedent for westward expansion under the new government.
We thought you’d never ask...
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Notes on Chapter 24: Industry Comes of Age. Information is from American Pageant (16th edition) by David M. Kennedy and Lizabeth Cohen.
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