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What are DNA Mutations? Easy Guide with Pictures and Examples

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Sahasra Barre

7/4/2023

Biology

DNA mutations Notes

What are DNA Mutations? Easy Guide with Pictures and Examples

DNA mutations are changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA strands. This summary covers the causes, types, and effects of DNA mutations, including substitution, deletion, and insertion mutations.

• Causes of mutations include random errors during DNA replication and environmental factors like radiation, UV exposure, and chemical exposure.
• Main types of mutations are substitution, deletion, and insertion, which can lead to point mutations or frameshift mutations.
• Mutations can have various effects, ranging from no impact to causing diseases or even being lethal.
• Understanding mutations is crucial for comprehending genetic diseases and evolutionary processes.

...

7/4/2023

243

DNA Mutations Edpuzzle
ONA Mutation
1
→ changes in the nucleotide (base) sequence
that makes up a strand of DNA
Causes
Random mistakes durin

View

Effects of DNA Mutations

This page delves deeper into the effects of different types of DNA mutations, particularly focusing on point mutations and frameshift mutations.

Point mutations are explained in detail, showing how a change in one base in the DNA sequence can affect the resulting mRNA and polypeptide chain.

Example: In a point mutation, the original DNA sequence "GAU GCG" might be changed to "GAU GGG", resulting in a change from aspartate to glycine in the polypeptide chain.

The page also discusses a real-world example of a point mutation:

Highlight: Sickle Cell Anemia is presented as an example of a genetic disease caused by a point mutation. This mutation interferes with the building of the hemoglobin protein, causing red blood cells to become abnormal. Interestingly, having this mutation also provides protection against malaria.

Frameshift mutations are explained in detail, showing how deletions and insertions can shift the reading frame of the DNA sequence.

Definition: Frameshift mutations change the amino acid sequence starting from the mutation point, often resulting in a non-functional protein.

The page concludes by categorizing the effects of mutations into three main categories:

  1. Good mutations: resulting in helpful proteins or traits
  2. Neutral mutations: having no effect alsocalledsilentmutationsalso called silent mutations
  3. Bad mutations: causing diseases or being lethal

Vocabulary: A silent mutation is a type of mutation that has no effect on the resulting protein.

The detailed explanations and diagrams on this page provide a comprehensive understanding of what mutation is in Biology and the various types of DNA mutation effects on original sequence.

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Biology

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Jul 4, 2023

2 pages

What are DNA Mutations? Easy Guide with Pictures and Examples

user profile picture

Sahasra Barre

@sahasrabarre_fdnn

DNA mutations are changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA strands. This summary covers the causes, types, and effects of DNA mutations, including substitution, deletion, and insertion mutations.

• Causes of mutations include random errors during DNA replication... Show more

DNA Mutations Edpuzzle
ONA Mutation
1
→ changes in the nucleotide (base) sequence
that makes up a strand of DNA
Causes
Random mistakes durin

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Effects of DNA Mutations

This page delves deeper into the effects of different types of DNA mutations, particularly focusing on point mutations and frameshift mutations.

Point mutations are explained in detail, showing how a change in one base in the DNA sequence can affect the resulting mRNA and polypeptide chain.

Example: In a point mutation, the original DNA sequence "GAU GCG" might be changed to "GAU GGG", resulting in a change from aspartate to glycine in the polypeptide chain.

The page also discusses a real-world example of a point mutation:

Highlight: Sickle Cell Anemia is presented as an example of a genetic disease caused by a point mutation. This mutation interferes with the building of the hemoglobin protein, causing red blood cells to become abnormal. Interestingly, having this mutation also provides protection against malaria.

Frameshift mutations are explained in detail, showing how deletions and insertions can shift the reading frame of the DNA sequence.

Definition: Frameshift mutations change the amino acid sequence starting from the mutation point, often resulting in a non-functional protein.

The page concludes by categorizing the effects of mutations into three main categories:

  1. Good mutations: resulting in helpful proteins or traits
  2. Neutral mutations: having no effect alsocalledsilentmutationsalso called silent mutations
  3. Bad mutations: causing diseases or being lethal

Vocabulary: A silent mutation is a type of mutation that has no effect on the resulting protein.

The detailed explanations and diagrams on this page provide a comprehensive understanding of what mutation is in Biology and the various types of DNA mutation effects on original sequence.

DNA Mutations Edpuzzle
ONA Mutation
1
→ changes in the nucleotide (base) sequence
that makes up a strand of DNA
Causes
Random mistakes durin

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

DNA Mutations: Causes and Types

This page introduces the concept of DNA mutations and their various causes and types. DNA mutations are changes in the nucleotide sequence that makes up a strand of DNA.

The causes of mutations are diverse and include:

  1. Random mistakes during DNA replication
  2. Environmental factors such as radiation
  3. UV exposure
  4. Chemical exposure

The main types of DNA mutations discussed are:

  1. Substitution
  2. Deletion
  3. Insertion

These mutations can be further categorized into gene mutations and frameshift mutations.

Definition: A frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation caused by a deletion or insertion in a DNA sequence that shifts the reading frame thewaythesequenceisreadthe way the sequence is read.

The page also introduces the concept of point mutations, which affect only one nucleotide basebase in the DNA sequence.

Example: A normal gene sequence might produce a normal protein, while a mutated gene sequence could result in an abnormal protein.

Vocabulary: Substitution mutation occurs when a base in the DNA sequence is replaced by a different base.

The page includes diagrams illustrating the difference between normal and mutated gene sequences, helping to visualize the concept of DNA mutations.

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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

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Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️

Thomas R

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Brad T

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Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍

David K

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Sudenaz Ocak

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Greenlight Bonnie

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Aubrey

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Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀

Marco B

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

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This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!

Paul T

iOS user