Evolution, Evidence, and Mechanisms of Evolution
This document provides an... Show more
Subjects
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257
•
Jul 3, 2023
•
Luciana Beltran
@lucianabeltran_qgfv
Evolution, Evidence, and Mechanisms of Evolution
This document provides an... Show more
This section compares sexual and asexual reproduction methods and their implications for evolution.
Sexual reproduction involves:
Asexual reproduction involves:
Highlight: Sexual reproduction generally leads to more variation, which improves an individual's chance of survival in changing environments.
The text then defines biological evolution as the analysis of how heritable traits change in frequency within a population over time. This includes physical traits, molecular sequences, and behavioral traits.
Vocabulary:
- Microevolution: Evolution within a single population over a short period of time
- Macroevolution: When small changes accumulate over a long period, producing noticeable changes in species
This section focuses on Charles Darwin's contributions to evolutionary theory.
Quote: "Evolution, or change over time, is the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms." - Charles Darwin
The text mentions Darwin's seminal work, "Origin of Species," and his observations on the Galapagos Islands. It particularly highlights Darwin's finches as a key example of adaptation.
Example: The finches on different Galapagos Islands were similar to mainland finches but had adapted to the specific food sources available on each island.
The document includes an illustration showing different finch species with beaks adapted to various food sources, such as seeds, cactus fruits, buds, and insects.
This section introduces various fields of study that provide evidence for evolution:
The field of anatomy is explored in detail. It explains how organisms that have diverged from a common ancestor often have homologous structures, which are similar characteristics resulting from common ancestry.
Definition: Homologous structures are similar characteristics in different species resulting from common ancestry.
The text also introduces the concept of vestigial organs, which are structures with little or no important functions in an organism but were likely functional in ancestral species.
Example: Vestigial structures include the human tailbone, wisdom teeth, and pelvic bones in baleen whales.
The document distinguishes between homologous and analogous structures. Analogous structures are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and do not indicate shared ancestry.
Example: The wings of butterflies and birds are analogous structures, as they serve similar functions but evolved independently.
This section provides detailed examples and illustrations of homologous, analogous, and vestigial structures as evidence for evolution.
Homologous structures are exemplified by the pentadactyl limbs found in various vertebrates:
These structures, despite their different functions, share a common basic structure due to their shared evolutionary history.
Analogous structures are illustrated with streamlined appendages in different aquatic animals:
These structures evolved independently in response to similar environmental pressures, demonstrating convergent evolution.
Vocabulary: Convergent evolution occurs when unrelated species develop similar traits in response to similar environmental pressures.
The text provides a comprehensive list of vestigial structures in various organisms:
Highlight: Vestigial structures provide strong evidence for evolution as they show structural changes over time in response to changing environmental pressures and functional needs.
The final section of the document introduces embryology as another field providing evidence for evolution.
Definition: Embryology is the study of embryonic development in organisms.
The text explains how comparing the anatomies of embryos during development can reveal similarities that are not obvious in adult organisms. This provides additional support for evolutionary relationships between species.
Highlight: Embryos of vertebrates are very similar in appearance early in development but may grow into different structures in the adult form.
The document concludes by noting that similar structures in embryos may develop into different adult forms, further supporting the idea of common ancestry and subsequent evolutionary divergence.
The document begins by introducing the concept of evolution and its relationship to the continuity of life. It emphasizes that the success of organisms in passing genes to the next generation is crucial for the continuity of life forms on Earth.
Definition: Evolution is the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms, involving changes in heritable traits within populations over time.
The text highlights that all living things share two fundamental structures: nucleic acids for genetic information, and proteins. This genetic information is passed on through reproduction, which can be either sexual or asexual.
Highlight: The greater the diversity within a population or species, the better its chances of surviving environmental changes.
The document also introduces the concept of species, defined as populations of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring in nature. It explains how genetic changes in individuals can spread through a population, especially if these changes increase fitness.
Example: Favorable traits that can spread through a population include coloration, odor, strength, and courting behaviors.
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
Luciana Beltran
@lucianabeltran_qgfv
Evolution, Evidence, and Mechanisms of Evolution
This document provides an in-depth exploration of evolution, its evidence, and mechanisms. It covers the continuity of life, diversity within species, reproduction methods, and Darwin's observations. The text also delves into various fields... Show more
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This section compares sexual and asexual reproduction methods and their implications for evolution.
Sexual reproduction involves:
Asexual reproduction involves:
Highlight: Sexual reproduction generally leads to more variation, which improves an individual's chance of survival in changing environments.
The text then defines biological evolution as the analysis of how heritable traits change in frequency within a population over time. This includes physical traits, molecular sequences, and behavioral traits.
Vocabulary:
- Microevolution: Evolution within a single population over a short period of time
- Macroevolution: When small changes accumulate over a long period, producing noticeable changes in species
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
This section focuses on Charles Darwin's contributions to evolutionary theory.
Quote: "Evolution, or change over time, is the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms." - Charles Darwin
The text mentions Darwin's seminal work, "Origin of Species," and his observations on the Galapagos Islands. It particularly highlights Darwin's finches as a key example of adaptation.
Example: The finches on different Galapagos Islands were similar to mainland finches but had adapted to the specific food sources available on each island.
The document includes an illustration showing different finch species with beaks adapted to various food sources, such as seeds, cactus fruits, buds, and insects.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
This section introduces various fields of study that provide evidence for evolution:
The field of anatomy is explored in detail. It explains how organisms that have diverged from a common ancestor often have homologous structures, which are similar characteristics resulting from common ancestry.
Definition: Homologous structures are similar characteristics in different species resulting from common ancestry.
The text also introduces the concept of vestigial organs, which are structures with little or no important functions in an organism but were likely functional in ancestral species.
Example: Vestigial structures include the human tailbone, wisdom teeth, and pelvic bones in baleen whales.
The document distinguishes between homologous and analogous structures. Analogous structures are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and do not indicate shared ancestry.
Example: The wings of butterflies and birds are analogous structures, as they serve similar functions but evolved independently.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
This section provides detailed examples and illustrations of homologous, analogous, and vestigial structures as evidence for evolution.
Homologous structures are exemplified by the pentadactyl limbs found in various vertebrates:
These structures, despite their different functions, share a common basic structure due to their shared evolutionary history.
Analogous structures are illustrated with streamlined appendages in different aquatic animals:
These structures evolved independently in response to similar environmental pressures, demonstrating convergent evolution.
Vocabulary: Convergent evolution occurs when unrelated species develop similar traits in response to similar environmental pressures.
The text provides a comprehensive list of vestigial structures in various organisms:
Highlight: Vestigial structures provide strong evidence for evolution as they show structural changes over time in response to changing environmental pressures and functional needs.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
The final section of the document introduces embryology as another field providing evidence for evolution.
Definition: Embryology is the study of embryonic development in organisms.
The text explains how comparing the anatomies of embryos during development can reveal similarities that are not obvious in adult organisms. This provides additional support for evolutionary relationships between species.
Highlight: Embryos of vertebrates are very similar in appearance early in development but may grow into different structures in the adult form.
The document concludes by noting that similar structures in embryos may develop into different adult forms, further supporting the idea of common ancestry and subsequent evolutionary divergence.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
The document begins by introducing the concept of evolution and its relationship to the continuity of life. It emphasizes that the success of organisms in passing genes to the next generation is crucial for the continuity of life forms on Earth.
Definition: Evolution is the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms, involving changes in heritable traits within populations over time.
The text highlights that all living things share two fundamental structures: nucleic acids for genetic information, and proteins. This genetic information is passed on through reproduction, which can be either sexual or asexual.
Highlight: The greater the diversity within a population or species, the better its chances of surviving environmental changes.
The document also introduces the concept of species, defined as populations of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring in nature. It explains how genetic changes in individuals can spread through a population, especially if these changes increase fitness.
Example: Favorable traits that can spread through a population include coloration, odor, strength, and courting behaviors.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user