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11/27/2025
Biology
GENETIC ENGINEERING
92
•
Nov 27, 2025
•
hehehe hahahahaa
@hehehehahahahaa
Genetic engineering allows scientists to manipulate DNA to create organisms... Show more
Genetic engineering is at the core of modern biotechnology, allowing scientists to modify organisms at the DNA level. This field has grown tremendously since its beginnings in the early 1970s.
The technology involves manipulating an organism's genetic material to produce useful products or desired characteristics that wouldn't be possible through traditional methods. The resulting modified organisms are called genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
Genetic engineering relies heavily on recombinant DNA techniques – methods that combine DNA from different sources to create new genetic combinations. This process has revolutionized everything from food production to medicine.
Did you know? The first successful genetic engineering experiment was performed in 1972 by Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen, who created the first insulin-producing transgenic bacteria!
Biotechnology is the broad field that involves modifying organisms or their genetic components to produce useful goods and services. It's essentially technology that utilizes biological systems to create products.
Modern biotechnology encompasses several key areas including the creation of genetically modified organisms, protein expression and analysis, DNA amplification, and DNA fingerprinting. These techniques allow scientists to solve problems in ways that weren't possible before.
The applications are incredibly diverse – from developing crops that resist drought to creating bacteria that produce medicines like insulin. What makes biotechnology particularly powerful is its precision and the ability to make specific changes to DNA.
Real-world connection: Many products you use daily, from certain foods to medicines like insulin for diabetes, are created using biotechnology techniques!
Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are living things whose genetic material has been artificially manipulated through genetic engineering. Unlike traditional breeding methods, genetic engineering allows for precise changes to an organism's DNA.
There are currently nine GMO crops available in the U.S. including corn, cotton, soybeans, alfalfa, sugar beets, canola, papaya, potato, and squash. Each has been modified for specific purposes like pest resistance, improved nutritional profiles, or extended shelf life.
Two famous examples demonstrate GMO potential: Golden Rice was engineered to contain higher vitamin A levels to address nutritional deficiencies in developing countries, while the Flavr Savr Tomato was designed to have a longer shelf life by delaying ripening.
Think about this: GMOs help farmers in multiple ways - controlling insects, managing weeds, preventing crop disease, and even adapting to drought conditions. How might these benefits affect food security globally?
The genetic engineering process follows several critical steps to create organisms with new genetic traits. It's like a precise surgical procedure, but at the molecular level.
The first step is DNA isolation, where scientists extract the target DNA (containing the desired gene) and a plasmid (a small DNA molecule that can replicate independently) from their sources. These will be the building blocks for the new genetic combination.
Next comes ligation, where the isolated gene is inserted into the plasmid using an enzyme called DNA ligase. This creates a recombinant plasmid - essentially a circular DNA molecule containing the gene of interest.
The third step is transformation, where the recombinant plasmid is inserted into a bacterial cell (often E. coli) using techniques like heat shock or electric shock. Finally, scientists perform selection to identify which bacterial cells successfully incorporated the new DNA.
Simplification tip: Think of genetic engineering like digital editing - scientists "cut" DNA sequences from one source, "copy" them, and "paste" them into another organism's genetic code!
Recombinant DNA technology is the foundation of genetic engineering. It involves combining DNA molecules from different sources to create new genetic combinations that would not exist in nature.
The process uses special proteins called restriction enzymes that act like molecular scissors to cut DNA at specific sequences called restriction sites. These cuts often create "sticky ends" - sections of single-stranded DNA that can pair with complementary sequences.
When fragments from different DNA sources with matching sticky ends are mixed, they can join together. An enzyme called DNA ligase then seals the sugar-phosphate backbones, creating a stable recombinant DNA molecule.
Visual connection: Imagine restriction enzymes as scissors that only cut at specific patterns in wrapping paper. When you cut two different wrapped gifts with the same scissors, the cut patterns match perfectly and can be taped together to create a new combined package!
Genetic engineering has transformed numerous fields with its wide-ranging applications. In medicine, it has enabled the production of vital treatments like human growth hormone and clot-dissolving proteins for heart attack therapy.
In agriculture, crops can be engineered for pest resistance, drought tolerance, or enhanced nutritional value. These modifications help address food security challenges while reducing the need for pesticides and other chemicals.
Environmental applications include creating bacteria designed to clean up toxic waste. By modifying organisms to break down specific pollutants, scientists can develop biological solutions to environmental contamination.
Future thinking: As genetic engineering technology advances, imagine what new applications might be possible! Could we design organisms that capture carbon dioxide more efficiently or produce medications in remote areas with limited healthcare access?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
hehehe hahahahaa
@hehehehahahahaa
Genetic engineering allows scientists to manipulate DNA to create organisms with specific desirable traits. This revolutionary field has transformed agriculture, medicine, and numerous industries by enabling the precise modification of genetic material. Through this technology, scientists can develop solutions to... Show more
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Improve your grades
Join milions of students
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Genetic engineering is at the core of modern biotechnology, allowing scientists to modify organisms at the DNA level. This field has grown tremendously since its beginnings in the early 1970s.
The technology involves manipulating an organism's genetic material to produce useful products or desired characteristics that wouldn't be possible through traditional methods. The resulting modified organisms are called genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
Genetic engineering relies heavily on recombinant DNA techniques – methods that combine DNA from different sources to create new genetic combinations. This process has revolutionized everything from food production to medicine.
Did you know? The first successful genetic engineering experiment was performed in 1972 by Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen, who created the first insulin-producing transgenic bacteria!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Biotechnology is the broad field that involves modifying organisms or their genetic components to produce useful goods and services. It's essentially technology that utilizes biological systems to create products.
Modern biotechnology encompasses several key areas including the creation of genetically modified organisms, protein expression and analysis, DNA amplification, and DNA fingerprinting. These techniques allow scientists to solve problems in ways that weren't possible before.
The applications are incredibly diverse – from developing crops that resist drought to creating bacteria that produce medicines like insulin. What makes biotechnology particularly powerful is its precision and the ability to make specific changes to DNA.
Real-world connection: Many products you use daily, from certain foods to medicines like insulin for diabetes, are created using biotechnology techniques!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are living things whose genetic material has been artificially manipulated through genetic engineering. Unlike traditional breeding methods, genetic engineering allows for precise changes to an organism's DNA.
There are currently nine GMO crops available in the U.S. including corn, cotton, soybeans, alfalfa, sugar beets, canola, papaya, potato, and squash. Each has been modified for specific purposes like pest resistance, improved nutritional profiles, or extended shelf life.
Two famous examples demonstrate GMO potential: Golden Rice was engineered to contain higher vitamin A levels to address nutritional deficiencies in developing countries, while the Flavr Savr Tomato was designed to have a longer shelf life by delaying ripening.
Think about this: GMOs help farmers in multiple ways - controlling insects, managing weeds, preventing crop disease, and even adapting to drought conditions. How might these benefits affect food security globally?
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
The genetic engineering process follows several critical steps to create organisms with new genetic traits. It's like a precise surgical procedure, but at the molecular level.
The first step is DNA isolation, where scientists extract the target DNA (containing the desired gene) and a plasmid (a small DNA molecule that can replicate independently) from their sources. These will be the building blocks for the new genetic combination.
Next comes ligation, where the isolated gene is inserted into the plasmid using an enzyme called DNA ligase. This creates a recombinant plasmid - essentially a circular DNA molecule containing the gene of interest.
The third step is transformation, where the recombinant plasmid is inserted into a bacterial cell (often E. coli) using techniques like heat shock or electric shock. Finally, scientists perform selection to identify which bacterial cells successfully incorporated the new DNA.
Simplification tip: Think of genetic engineering like digital editing - scientists "cut" DNA sequences from one source, "copy" them, and "paste" them into another organism's genetic code!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Recombinant DNA technology is the foundation of genetic engineering. It involves combining DNA molecules from different sources to create new genetic combinations that would not exist in nature.
The process uses special proteins called restriction enzymes that act like molecular scissors to cut DNA at specific sequences called restriction sites. These cuts often create "sticky ends" - sections of single-stranded DNA that can pair with complementary sequences.
When fragments from different DNA sources with matching sticky ends are mixed, they can join together. An enzyme called DNA ligase then seals the sugar-phosphate backbones, creating a stable recombinant DNA molecule.
Visual connection: Imagine restriction enzymes as scissors that only cut at specific patterns in wrapping paper. When you cut two different wrapped gifts with the same scissors, the cut patterns match perfectly and can be taped together to create a new combined package!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Genetic engineering has transformed numerous fields with its wide-ranging applications. In medicine, it has enabled the production of vital treatments like human growth hormone and clot-dissolving proteins for heart attack therapy.
In agriculture, crops can be engineered for pest resistance, drought tolerance, or enhanced nutritional value. These modifications help address food security challenges while reducing the need for pesticides and other chemicals.
Environmental applications include creating bacteria designed to clean up toxic waste. By modifying organisms to break down specific pollutants, scientists can develop biological solutions to environmental contamination.
Future thinking: As genetic engineering technology advances, imagine what new applications might be possible! Could we design organisms that capture carbon dioxide more efficiently or produce medications in remote areas with limited healthcare access?
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
