Understanding Punnett Squares: Basics and Applications

Hope Trosclair

12/1/2025

Biology

Into to Punnet Squares

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Dec 1, 2025

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1 page

Understanding Punnett Squares: Basics and Applications

Hope Trosclair

@hope_t09

Punnett squares are powerful tools that help us predict what... Show more

Intro to Punnett Squares

Ever wondered why you might have blue eyes when both your parents have brown? A Punnett square is a diagram that helps predict the different variations and probabilities that come from cross breeding organisms. It's like a genetic calculator that shows possible outcomes when parents pass their genes to offspring.

When working with Punnett squares, we need to understand two key terms: heterozygous and homozygous. Heterozygous means having mixed genetic information (one dominant and one recessive gene), while homozygous means having matching genetic information (either both dominant or both recessive). We use uppercase letters for dominant traits and lowercase for recessive traits.

For example, if "S" represents a tall plant (dominant) and "s" represents a short plant (recessive), we can map out possibilities. A plant with "Ss" is heterozygous (also called hybrid) and will appear tall. Plants with "TT" or "tt" are homozygous (also called pure). When crossing two heterozygous tall plants (Ss × Ss), the resulting genotype ratio would be 1SS:2Ss:1ss, giving a phenotype (visible trait) ratio of 3 tall plants to 1 short plant.

Did You Know? Even if both parent plants look tall, they could still have a short plant offspring! If both parents carry a recessive gene (Ss), there's a 25% chance their offspring will inherit both recessive genes (ss) and be short.

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Biology

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299

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Dec 1, 2025

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1 page

Understanding Punnett Squares: Basics and Applications

Hope Trosclair

@hope_t09

Punnett squares are powerful tools that help us predict what traits might show up when organisms reproduce. They give us a visual way to understand how genes from parents combine and what the chances are for different traits to appear... Show more

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Intro to Punnett Squares

Did You Know? Even if both parent plants look tall, they could still have a short plant offspring! If both parents carry a recessive gene (Ss), there's a 25% chance their offspring will inherit both recessive genes (ss) and be short.