Meiosis is a vital cellular process that creates reproductive cells and ensures genetic diversity through specialized cell division.
- The process consists of two main divisions - stages of meiosis and their significance include Meiosis I with crossing over and Meiosis II resulting in four unique daughter cells
- Genetic diversity through crossing over in meiosis occurs during Prophase I when DNA segments are exchanged between chromosomes
- The process maintains consistent chromosome numbers across generations while creating genetic variation
- Errors in meiosis leading to genetic disorders can result in conditions like Down syndrome due to incorrect chromosome distribution
- This specialized division is fundamental for sexual reproduction and species survival through adaptation
