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Dec 5, 2025
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Understanding Mitosis: Stages and Cell Division
Kaity
@kayunity
1 / 4
Mitosis and Chromosomes
Ever wondered how your body creates new cells? Mitosis is the answer! This is when a cell's nucleus divides through four phases: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase. Mitosis happens in all eukaryotic cells except reproductive cells.
Chromosomes are condensed strands of DNA that contain your genetic information. They form an X-shape when a cell prepares to divide, with each arm called a chromatid. You get one chromatid from your mum and one from your dad, held together by a centromere.
Before mitosis even begins, cells prepare during a stage called interphase. The synthesis phase of interphase is when the cell makes a copy of all its DNA, getting ready for division.
Quick Fact: Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are exact genetic copies of the parent. This happens through processes like budding, spores, regeneration, and fission.
The Cell Cycle
The cell cycle is like a cellular roadmap showing how cells grow and divide. It starts with interphase, which includes three stages: Gap 1 (G₁) where the cell grows, Synthesis (S) where DNA doubles, and Gap 2 (G₂) where the cell grows more.
Human cells normally have 46 chromosomes, but after DNA replication in the synthesis phase, they temporarily have 96 chromosomes! This prepares them for division into two complete daughter cells.
Once fully grown in G₂, the cell enters the mitotic phase . This is when the actual division occurs, creating two identical daughter cells. Some cells can also enter a resting phase called G₀ where they leave the cycle temporarily.
Remember This: Mitosis creates two identical daughter cells, each with exactly the same genetic material as the parent cell. This is crucial for growth and repair in your body!
The Four Phases of Mitosis
Prophase kicks off mitosis with some big changes! The nuclear membrane starts dissolving, centrioles begin forming spindles, and chromatin tightens into visible chromosomes. Think of it as the "preparation phase" where the cell gets ready for division.
In Metaphase, chromosomes line up neatly along the middle of the cell (called the metaphase plate). Centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell and send out spindle fibers that attach to the chromosomes. This perfect alignment ensures each new cell will get the right chromosomes.
During Anaphase, things get moving! The chromosomes split at their centromeres, and sister chromatids are pulled toward opposite ends of the cell. This separation ensures each new cell will receive a complete set of genetic material.
Visualize This: In Telophase, think of the cell doing everything from Prophase but in reverse - nuclear membranes reform and the cell prepares to physically split in two!
Cytokinesis and Interphase
After mitosis comes cytokinesis, the final step where one cell physically splits into two. In animal cells, the cell membrane pinches inward at the cleavage furrow until two separate cells form. It's like tying a drawstring bag in the middle until it becomes two bags!
Plant cells do cytokinesis differently. Instead of pinching, they form a cell plate in the middle - essentially building a new wall between the two forming cells. This difference exists because plant cells have rigid cell walls.
When cells aren't actively dividing, they enter interphase - a resting phase between divisions. But don't be fooled by the name! Interphase is actually when cells do most of their growing and DNA replication to prepare for the next division.
Cool Connection: Everything you learn about the cell cycle helps explain how your body grows from a single cell to trillions of cells, and how it can repair itself when you get a cut or scrape!
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
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Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
Understanding Mitosis: Stages and Cell Division
Kaity
@kayunity
Mitosis is the process where a cell's nucleus divides to create two identical daughter cells. This fundamental process occurs in all eukaryotic cells except reproductive cells and is essential for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction in living organisms.
Mitosis and Chromosomes
Ever wondered how your body creates new cells? Mitosis is the answer! This is when a cell's nucleus divides through four phases: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase. Mitosis happens in all eukaryotic cells except reproductive cells.
Chromosomes are condensed strands of DNA that contain your genetic information. They form an X-shape when a cell prepares to divide, with each arm called a chromatid. You get one chromatid from your mum and one from your dad, held together by a centromere.
Before mitosis even begins, cells prepare during a stage called interphase. The synthesis phase of interphase is when the cell makes a copy of all its DNA, getting ready for division.
Quick Fact: Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are exact genetic copies of the parent. This happens through processes like budding, spores, regeneration, and fission.
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The Cell Cycle
The cell cycle is like a cellular roadmap showing how cells grow and divide. It starts with interphase, which includes three stages: Gap 1 (G₁) where the cell grows, Synthesis (S) where DNA doubles, and Gap 2 (G₂) where the cell grows more.
Human cells normally have 46 chromosomes, but after DNA replication in the synthesis phase, they temporarily have 96 chromosomes! This prepares them for division into two complete daughter cells.
Once fully grown in G₂, the cell enters the mitotic phase . This is when the actual division occurs, creating two identical daughter cells. Some cells can also enter a resting phase called G₀ where they leave the cycle temporarily.
Remember This: Mitosis creates two identical daughter cells, each with exactly the same genetic material as the parent cell. This is crucial for growth and repair in your body!
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The Four Phases of Mitosis
Prophase kicks off mitosis with some big changes! The nuclear membrane starts dissolving, centrioles begin forming spindles, and chromatin tightens into visible chromosomes. Think of it as the "preparation phase" where the cell gets ready for division.
In Metaphase, chromosomes line up neatly along the middle of the cell (called the metaphase plate). Centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell and send out spindle fibers that attach to the chromosomes. This perfect alignment ensures each new cell will get the right chromosomes.
During Anaphase, things get moving! The chromosomes split at their centromeres, and sister chromatids are pulled toward opposite ends of the cell. This separation ensures each new cell will receive a complete set of genetic material.
Visualize This: In Telophase, think of the cell doing everything from Prophase but in reverse - nuclear membranes reform and the cell prepares to physically split in two!
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Cytokinesis and Interphase
After mitosis comes cytokinesis, the final step where one cell physically splits into two. In animal cells, the cell membrane pinches inward at the cleavage furrow until two separate cells form. It's like tying a drawstring bag in the middle until it becomes two bags!
Plant cells do cytokinesis differently. Instead of pinching, they form a cell plate in the middle - essentially building a new wall between the two forming cells. This difference exists because plant cells have rigid cell walls.
When cells aren't actively dividing, they enter interphase - a resting phase between divisions. But don't be fooled by the name! Interphase is actually when cells do most of their growing and DNA replication to prepare for the next division.
Cool Connection: Everything you learn about the cell cycle helps explain how your body grows from a single cell to trillions of cells, and how it can repair itself when you get a cut or scrape!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user