How to Write and Name Ionic and Binary Compounds Easily

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Xiuyi 🦥

7/16/2023

Chemistry

Chemical formula

Subjects

Chemistry

Molecular and Ionic Compound Structure and Properties

Structure of Metals and Alloys

Metals, Alloys

How to Write and Name Ionic and Binary Compounds Easily

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Brand: Knowunity

This guide provides a comprehensive overview of how to construct ionic chemical formulas and name various chemical compounds. It covers binary compounds, ionic compounds, and covalent molecules, explaining the rules for naming and writing formulas. The document also introduces the criss-cross method, stock system, and prefixes used in chemical nomenclature.

Ionic compounds and binary compounds are explained in detail, with emphasis on the importance of oxidation states and the octet rule. The guide also covers multivalent ions and provides examples of ionic compound formula examples. For covalent molecules, the use of prefixes is explained, along with a list of common prefixes used in naming.

The document also includes information on naming acids, both binary and tertiary, and provides examples of ionic formulas and their corresponding names. Throughout the guide, there are numerous examples of binary ionic compounds and explanations of the criss-cross method in chemical formulas.

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7/16/2023

ionic
Chemical
Formula
metal and nonmetal
lonic = No prefixes
Chemical Formula
Aim: How do we construct chemical formula? (C.F) [
origib
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Naming All Substances and the Criss-Cross Method

This page delves deeper into naming chemical substances and introduces the criss-cross method for writing chemical formulas.

Definition: The criss-cross method involves crossing the oxidation states of ions to determine the subscripts in a chemical formula.

The page provides several examples of using the criss-cross method to construct chemical formulas from names and vice versa.

Example: For CuSO₄, the name is copper $II$ sulfate or cupric sulfate.

The nomenclature section is divided into two main parts: ionic compounds $metal + nonmetal$ and covalent molecules $nonmetal + nonmetal$ .

Highlight: For ionic compounds with transition metals, the oxidation number must be specified using the stock system with Roman numerals.

The page also covers the naming of covalent molecules, which uses prefixes to indicate the number of atoms of each element.

Vocabulary: Common prefixes include mono- $1$ , di- $2$ , tri- $3$ , tetra- $4$ , penta- $5$ , and so on.

Traditional names for some common ions are also mentioned, such as cuprous $Cu⁺$ and cupric $Cu²⁺$ .

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Naming Binary and Tertiary Substances

This page focuses on the nomenclature of binary and tertiary substances, providing a comprehensive review of naming conventions.

Definition: Binary substances contain two types of elements, while tertiary substances contain three or more elements.

For binary ionic compounds, the stock system is used, which involves specifying the oxidation number of the metal using Roman numerals.

Example: PbO₂ can be named lead $IV$ oxide or plumbic oxide.

Covalent molecules are named using prefixes to indicate the number of atoms of each element, or the stock system can be used in some cases.

Example: N₂O₅ is named dinitrogen pentoxide or nitrogen $V$ oxide.

The page also introduces the concept of polyatomic ions and their role in naming tertiary substances.

Highlight: When naming compounds with polyatomic ions, the name of the polyatomic ion is used without changes.

Traditional names for some common ions are revisited, providing a useful reference for naming compounds.

Vocabulary: Some traditional names include ferrous $Fe²⁺$ , ferric $Fe³⁺$ , mercurous $Hg₂²⁺$ , and mercuric $Hg²⁺$ .

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Naming Acids

The final page of the guide focuses on naming acids, both binary and tertiary.

Definition: Acids are molecules containing hydrogen $H$ as a positive ion $cation$ .

Binary acids are named using the prefix "hydro-" followed by the root of the nonmetal name and ending with "-ic acid".

Example: HCl is named hydrochloric acid, HBr is hydrobromic acid.

Tertiary acids are named based on the polyatomic ion they contain, with two possible endings: "-ic acid" or "-ous acid".

Example: HNO₃ is named nitric acid $hydrogen nitrate$ , while HNO₂ is named nitrous acid $hydrogen nitrite$ .

The page provides several examples of acid nomenclature, reinforcing the rules for naming these important compounds.

Highlight: The ending "-ous" is used for the lower oxidation state of an element, while "-ic" is used for the higher oxidation state.

This comprehensive guide on chemical formulas and nomenclature provides students with the necessary tools to understand and construct formulas for various types of compounds, from simple binary substances to more complex acids and polyatomic ions.

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Subjects

Chemistry

Molecular and Ionic Compound Structure and Properties

Structure of Metals and Alloys

Metals, Alloys

Chemistry

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Jul 16, 2023

•

4 pages

How to Write and Name Ionic and Binary Compounds Easily

Xiuyi 🦥

@xiuyiii

This guide provides a comprehensive overview of how to construct ionic chemical formulasand name various chemical compounds. It covers binary compounds, ionic compounds, and covalent molecules, explaining the rules for naming and writing formulas. The document also introduces the... Show more

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Naming All Substances and the Criss-Cross Method

This page delves deeper into naming chemical substances and introduces the criss-cross method for writing chemical formulas.

Definition: The criss-cross method involves crossing the oxidation states of ions to determine the subscripts in a chemical formula.

The page provides several examples of using the criss-cross method to construct chemical formulas from names and vice versa.

Example: For CuSO₄, the name is copper $II$ sulfate or cupric sulfate.

The nomenclature section is divided into two main parts: ionic compounds $metal + nonmetal$ and covalent molecules $nonmetal + nonmetal$ .

Highlight: For ionic compounds with transition metals, the oxidation number must be specified using the stock system with Roman numerals.

The page also covers the naming of covalent molecules, which uses prefixes to indicate the number of atoms of each element.

Vocabulary: Common prefixes include mono- $1$ , di- $2$ , tri- $3$ , tetra- $4$ , penta- $5$ , and so on.

Traditional names for some common ions are also mentioned, such as cuprous $Cu⁺$ and cupric $Cu²⁺$ .

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Naming Binary and Tertiary Substances

This page focuses on the nomenclature of binary and tertiary substances, providing a comprehensive review of naming conventions.

Definition: Binary substances contain two types of elements, while tertiary substances contain three or more elements.

For binary ionic compounds, the stock system is used, which involves specifying the oxidation number of the metal using Roman numerals.

Example: PbO₂ can be named lead $IV$ oxide or plumbic oxide.

Covalent molecules are named using prefixes to indicate the number of atoms of each element, or the stock system can be used in some cases.

Example: N₂O₅ is named dinitrogen pentoxide or nitrogen $V$ oxide.

The page also introduces the concept of polyatomic ions and their role in naming tertiary substances.

Highlight: When naming compounds with polyatomic ions, the name of the polyatomic ion is used without changes.

Traditional names for some common ions are revisited, providing a useful reference for naming compounds.

Vocabulary: Some traditional names include ferrous $Fe²⁺$ , ferric $Fe³⁺$ , mercurous $Hg₂²⁺$ , and mercuric $Hg²⁺$ .

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Naming Acids

The final page of the guide focuses on naming acids, both binary and tertiary.

Definition: Acids are molecules containing hydrogen $H$ as a positive ion $cation$ .

Binary acids are named using the prefix "hydro-" followed by the root of the nonmetal name and ending with "-ic acid".

Example: HCl is named hydrochloric acid, HBr is hydrobromic acid.

Tertiary acids are named based on the polyatomic ion they contain, with two possible endings: "-ic acid" or "-ous acid".

Example: HNO₃ is named nitric acid $hydrogen nitrate$ , while HNO₂ is named nitrous acid $hydrogen nitrite$ .

The page provides several examples of acid nomenclature, reinforcing the rules for naming these important compounds.

Highlight: The ending "-ous" is used for the lower oxidation state of an element, while "-ic" is used for the higher oxidation state.

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Constructing Chemical Formulas and Naming Compounds

This page introduces the basics of constructing chemical formulas and naming compounds, focusing on binary and ionic compounds.

Definition: A binary compound is a chemical made of two different elements.

The page explains the order of elements in chemical formulas, with the more metallic element written first and the less metallic element second.

Highlight: Ionic compounds do not use prefixes in their formulas.

The octet rule is introduced, explaining how elements gain or lose electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.

Example: Magnesium fluoride $MgF₂$ and aluminum oxide $Al₂O₃$ are used to demonstrate how to balance charges in ionic compounds.

The naming convention for ionic compounds is also covered, with the first element's name remaining unchanged and the second element's name ending in "-ide".

Vocabulary: Roman numerals are used to indicate the positive charge of metal ions in compounds with multivalent ions.

The page concludes with an introduction to covalent compounds and their naming conventions, including the use of prefixes for nonmetals.

Example: CO₂ is named carbon dioxide, while BF₃ is boron trifluoride.

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How to Write and Name Ionic and Binary Compounds Easily

Naming All Substances and the Criss-Cross Method

Naming Binary and Tertiary Substances

Naming Acids

Similar Content

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Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

Knowunity was a featured story by Apple and has consistently topped the app store charts within the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.

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How to Write and Name Ionic and Binary Compounds Easily

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Naming All Substances and the Criss-Cross Method

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Naming Binary and Tertiary Substances

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Naming Acids

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Constructing Chemical Formulas and Naming Compounds

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