Unit 4, AC 2.1- Explain forms of social control

Alternative transcript:

agencies of social control that have the power to use formal legal sanctions. Police- powers to stop, search, arrest, detain and question suspects. CPS- charges and prosecutes them in court. Judges/magistrates- powers to bail/remand the accused as well as sentence those guilty to punishment. The prison service- detain prisoner for their sentence, and punish them whilst in prison (solitary). External forms of social control Fear of punishment: Making people fear punishment aims to make them abide the law, and can be seen as coercion. • EG: committing an offence leads to being arrested, charged, convicted and jailed, so people don't do it. Deterrence- Right Realists call this deterrence from offending. ● ● ● ● Hirschi- bonds of attachment: Argues that crime only occurs when someone's bonds to society are weak. Attachment- the more we care about people's opinion of us, the less likely we are to commit crimes. Commitment- If we're committed to the conventional lifestyle of doing well at school and getting a job, we won't risk that by offending. Involvement- the more involved we are in things like community work and studying, the less likely we are to offend (this is why youth clubs are justified). Beliefs- if we're socialised to believe we should obey the law, we're less likely to offend. Control theory ● ● ● Parenting: Parenting creates bonds that stop young people offending, which is why parents should: Involve themselves in their teen's lives Take an interest in their schooling and friends Show disapproval of criminal behaviour and the consequences of offending. ● Feminists: Heidensohn- women's low offending rate is due to their oppression in patriarchal society. Carlen- women who suffered family abuse or were in care failed to form bonds of attachment so they commit crime.