Want to become a master at understanding how texts are... Show more
Other
Science
Econ
Araling Panlipunan (AP)
Practical Research
DISSSign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
13
0
Reigh<3
12/22/2025
EAPP
EAPP-Lesson 2&3
263
•
Dec 22, 2025
•
EAPP Lessons 2 and 3: Simplified Notes for SHS
Reigh<3
@reigh0fsunshine
1 / 4
Text Structure Basics
Ever wondered why some texts are super easy to follow while others leave you confused? It's all about text structure - the way authors organize their ideas to communicate effectively. Think of it as the blueprint that writers use to build their message.
Authors choose specific structures based on what they want to say. Just like you'd organize a story differently than a how-to guide, writers pick the structure that best fits their purpose. Understanding these patterns will make you a much stronger reader.
There are seven main text structures you'll encounter: chronological order, sequence, cause-effect, problem-solution, compare-contrast, exemplification/classification, and persuasion. Each one serves a different purpose and has its own unique flow.
Quick Tip: Once you recognize the text structure, you can predict what's coming next and better understand the author's main points!
Common Text Structures Explained
Chronological order follows a timeline - think of it as telling events from past to present. Sequence is similar but focuses on steps without specific dates. Cause-effect shows how one thing leads to another, while problem-solution presents an issue and explains how to fix it.
Compare-contrast structures highlight similarities and differences between two or more things. Writers might discuss all aspects of topic A first, then topic B, or they might alternate back and forth between topics.
Exemplification/classification starts with a general idea and backs it up with specific examples. It's like making a claim and then proving it with evidence. Persuasion tries to convince you to agree with the author's viewpoint through arguments and supporting details.
Study Hack: Look for signal words like "first," "however," "because," and "in contrast" to quickly identify which structure the author is using!
Mastering the Art of Summarizing
Summarizing is your secret weapon for academic success! It means taking a long text and shrinking it to about one-third its original size while keeping all the important stuff. You're basically becoming a master editor who knows what matters most.
This skill isn't just for school - you'll use it constantly in college, at work, and in everyday life. Plus, writing summaries actually helps you learn better because it forces you to really understand what you've read.
The five basic rules are simple but powerful: delete unnecessary details, focus only on important information, eliminate repetition, use general terms instead of overly specific ones, and always write in your own words. These rules will transform you from someone who just copies text to someone who truly understands it.
Confidence Booster: Don't worry about getting it perfect right away - summarizing gets easier with practice, and these techniques will guide you every step of the way!
Proven Summarizing Techniques
Ready to level up your summarizing game? Outlining creates a roadmap of the text, showing you exactly what goes where. It's like having GPS for reading comprehension!
"Somebody Wanted But So Then" is perfect for stories and narratives. Just answer: Who is it about? What did they want? What problem did they face? How was it solved? What happened in the end? This technique turns confusing plots into clear, logical summaries.
For a more formal approach, try the SAAC Method: State the title, Assign the author's name, explain what Action the author is taking, and Complete your summary with key details. The 5W's and 1H technique (who, what, when, where, why, how) works great for news articles and informational texts.
"First Then Finally" is your go-to for process explanations or historical events. It keeps everything in chronological order and ensures you don't miss important steps or outcomes.
Pro Strategy: Mix and match these techniques depending on what type of text you're summarizing - there's no one-size-fits-all approach!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Most popular content in EAPP
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
EAPP Lessons 2 and 3: Simplified Notes for SHS
Reigh<3
@reigh0fsunshine
Want to become a master at understanding how texts are organized and writing killer summaries? Learning about text structure and summarizing techniques will boost your reading comprehension and help you tackle any academic assignment with confidence.
Text Structure Basics
Ever wondered why some texts are super easy to follow while others leave you confused? It's all about text structure - the way authors organize their ideas to communicate effectively. Think of it as the blueprint that writers use to build their message.
Authors choose specific structures based on what they want to say. Just like you'd organize a story differently than a how-to guide, writers pick the structure that best fits their purpose. Understanding these patterns will make you a much stronger reader.
There are seven main text structures you'll encounter: chronological order, sequence, cause-effect, problem-solution, compare-contrast, exemplification/classification, and persuasion. Each one serves a different purpose and has its own unique flow.
Quick Tip: Once you recognize the text structure, you can predict what's coming next and better understand the author's main points!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Common Text Structures Explained
Chronological order follows a timeline - think of it as telling events from past to present. Sequence is similar but focuses on steps without specific dates. Cause-effect shows how one thing leads to another, while problem-solution presents an issue and explains how to fix it.
Compare-contrast structures highlight similarities and differences between two or more things. Writers might discuss all aspects of topic A first, then topic B, or they might alternate back and forth between topics.
Exemplification/classification starts with a general idea and backs it up with specific examples. It's like making a claim and then proving it with evidence. Persuasion tries to convince you to agree with the author's viewpoint through arguments and supporting details.
Study Hack: Look for signal words like "first," "however," "because," and "in contrast" to quickly identify which structure the author is using!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Mastering the Art of Summarizing
Summarizing is your secret weapon for academic success! It means taking a long text and shrinking it to about one-third its original size while keeping all the important stuff. You're basically becoming a master editor who knows what matters most.
This skill isn't just for school - you'll use it constantly in college, at work, and in everyday life. Plus, writing summaries actually helps you learn better because it forces you to really understand what you've read.
The five basic rules are simple but powerful: delete unnecessary details, focus only on important information, eliminate repetition, use general terms instead of overly specific ones, and always write in your own words. These rules will transform you from someone who just copies text to someone who truly understands it.
Confidence Booster: Don't worry about getting it perfect right away - summarizing gets easier with practice, and these techniques will guide you every step of the way!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Proven Summarizing Techniques
Ready to level up your summarizing game? Outlining creates a roadmap of the text, showing you exactly what goes where. It's like having GPS for reading comprehension!
"Somebody Wanted But So Then" is perfect for stories and narratives. Just answer: Who is it about? What did they want? What problem did they face? How was it solved? What happened in the end? This technique turns confusing plots into clear, logical summaries.
For a more formal approach, try the SAAC Method: State the title, Assign the author's name, explain what Action the author is taking, and Complete your summary with key details. The 5W's and 1H technique (who, what, when, where, why, how) works great for news articles and informational texts.
"First Then Finally" is your go-to for process explanations or historical events. It keeps everything in chronological order and ensures you don't miss important steps or outcomes.
Pro Strategy: Mix and match these techniques depending on what type of text you're summarizing - there's no one-size-fits-all approach!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
13
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Mock Exam
Quiz
Flashcards
Essay
Most popular content in EAPP
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user