Essential Literary Terms: Part 1
When analyzing literature, you'll need to recognize allegories - stories where characters and events represent abstract ideas, essentially extended metaphors. For example, Animal Farm is an allegory for the Russian Revolution. You'll also encounter allusions, which are references to other works, historical events, or cultural elements that add deeper meaning.
Writers often use anecdotes (brief illustrative stories) and aphorisms (clever statements of wisdom like "You made your bed, now lie in it") to communicate ideas effectively. Look for archetypes - character types or plot patterns that repeat across literature and feel familiar because they tap into shared human experiences.
Characters in stories often experience epiphanies - sudden realizations that change their understanding - or undergo catharsis, an emotional release or cleansing. In many coming-of-age stories, called bildungsroman, the main character matures emotionally through challenges.
Pro Tip: When analyzing a text's diction (word choice), pay attention to both connotation (emotional associations of words) and denotation (literal dictionary meaning). This difference can completely change how you interpret a passage!