annonatations for power and conflict poetry

Alternative transcript:

'B' Sounds vast desert - insignificance of огу. 10 imperative Shorts. short lived 26 brs 19w09 -unaware who Ozy is / he's unimportant Statue is incomplete hints at incomplete lempty leadership, bill The lone and level sands stretch far away. once great now forgotten. AGAR English Develop your learning on AQA English e-Library Urary context. Blake was a Romantic poet who worked in LonDON and wrote about conditions. Wrote to volumes songs of GCSE ENGLISH LITERATURED Innocence and expenance to represent condon inspired by french revoution that disadvan-PAST AND PRESENT: POETRY ANTHOLOGY T "taged people could seize power. (1757-1827) capital of one of the largest empires->symbol London (1794) of Power first person powerless verb, loss of purpose access for priveledges by governments 3 Highlights, the way the city is owned by rich even a free body of nature / water. I wander through each chartered street, is owned power of humans over nature 1 notice or see Near where the chartered Thames does flow, William Blake REPETITION In every cry of every man, And mark in every face I meet Marks of weakness, marks of woe. Sense of misery physical scars? expression? metaphoncally marked, burdens L emphises bleakness out. repeated through -extent of dispear, no relief EMOTIVE In every infant's cry of fear, distressing noises, vivid + newsh experiance (corruption of _metaphor for imprisonment of the In every voice, in every ban, innocence) The mind-forged manacles I hear: minds, hints at society for being convinced [reffers to welding] hand-cuffs they must follow orders, people are crapped in everyday-even their thoughts. How the chimney-sweeper's cry usually young boys - symbol of injusticet Every black'ning church appalls,anger towards established churches. And the hapless soldier's sigh BLACK & corupt / tamished by it's failure to look Runs in blood down palace walls. after people. French rev. cordinary people suffer mive those in power are protected by walls. But most through midnight streets I hear_pathetic fallacy: crime How the youthful harlot's curset prostitutes swearing-ourse on condon for metaphorically 15 Blasts the new-born infant's tear, immediate loss of heaning the curse condon placed onthem. And plights with plaques the marriage hearse damaging soclity plosives, agression verbs. language of destruction and disease-hints of something uncontrollable •OXYMORON- everything good has been destroyed FORM + STRUCTURE 09>dramatic monologue (one person speaking their thoughts 7 DE TRE FIND LISTEN Sunbroken A,B,A, B rhyme scheme -reflects controu people care undery >4 quantations quatrains: regulation Pub and control >stanzas 1+2: people he seest hears 3: instintions he holds responsible 4: those affected obuv > Repetition: number of people affected inescapability of despair Penjambent: overflowing nature of suffering. aqa.org.uk/english-e-library 27 Contact: romantic poet- troubled relationship mer family. ongins of Cake District infirvenced by settings, people & nature The prelide is an auto biographical poem recounts a true memory of him steaving a boat as aboy- aim, " to explore man, nature+ society noppy rural image adj appears Confident Extract from, The Prelude (1850) Pathetic phávacy positive Tone to begin One summer evening (led by her) I found A little boat tied to a willow tree Within a rocky cove, its usual home. a boot peace William Wordsworth (1770-1850) of nature Personification Straight I unloosed her chain, and stepping in Pushed from the shore. It was an act of stealth OXYMORON And troubled pleasure, nor without the voice. Of mountain-echoes did my boat move on; L'sounds poem Leaving behind her still, on either side, Hlows like Small circles glittering idly in the moon, 28 agressive verbs • sure of himself S Until they melted all into one track adverb-effortless of natures beauty of sparkling light. But now, like one who rows. Simile //confidence adi Proud of his skill, to reach a chosen point suggest arregance With an unswerving line, I fixed my view contrasts Upon the summit of a craggy ridge, contrast line 22 when he looks at nonzon again. (ater 15 The horizon's utmost boundary; far above metaphor Was nothing but the stars and the grey sky.. fair She was an elfin pinnace; lustily -vigorous, seeks gratification through power. boat knows he is doing something wrong. "cle something isn't right. I dipped my oars into the silent lake, MAGICAL And, as I rose upon the stroke, my boat contrast between' 20 Went heaving through the water like a swang hints at overcontidency + swan Snapme per The horizon's bound, a huge peak, black and hudé, Change in tone-darkert mone When, from behind that craggy steep till then-Simile, natural, graceful+ in control :childish schock ified contrasts As if with voluntary power rinstinct, threatening. the mountain to bea- Upreared its head/1 struck and struck again, PANIC-RECENTION Viful 25 And growing still in stature the grim shape as he rows away. gets bigger / verb 'towered'-powerfu imagery Towered up between me and the stars, and still, before. For so it seemed, with purpose of its own personification in contrasts to speakers fear the mountain is calm -fear contrasts earlier ·arrogance. And measured motion like a living thing. Strode after me. With frembling cars/ tumed, 30 And through the silent water stole my way repetition, Speakers disturbing fast-paced nature verb / afraid + guilty feels like an intruder + breathners English Davelop your learning an AQA Ergish 4-Library Power of nature-. 35 long lasting impact Back to the covert of the willow tree; There in her mooring-place I left my bark, - And through the meadows homeward went, in grave impact of event, And serious mood; but after I had seen That spectacle, for many days, my brain Worked with a dim and undetermined sense -safety- - weakness of humans in comparison context: ww used nature to escape REFLECTION hels betrayau GCSE ENGLISH LITERATURE PAST AND PRESENT: POETRY ANTHOLOGY Of unknown modes of being; o'er my thoughts There hung a darkness, call it solitude narrator feels alonet scared Or blank desertion. No familiar shapes 40 Remained, no pleasant images of trees, hints at naurity & innocence Of sea or sky, no colours of green fields; of narrator-leams theres more But huge and mighty forms, that do not live to nature than pretty images. more powerful than humans. SIMILE-nature isn't mortal Like living men, moved slowly through the mind By day, and wepé a trouble to my dreams. nature powersu /contrasts to the start of poem. CAM 'grave'-serious but also hints at realisation of his own mortality. Formt Structure: > first person narative-personal tone - blank verse- no thyme scheme. -conversational tone ->no stanzas yet the poem has 3 clear sections: confidence senyambent-poemn flows. fear-> reflection aga.org.uk/engish-e-library 29 C ABUSE OF POWER HOMAN PRIDE IDENTITY 2 Tanda ETBEY FS5SX as Ferrara Pronoun +possesive? My Last, Duchess 1842 dissmissive tone? 1 POWER OF HUMANS/ POWER OF MEMOCIES INDIVISUALS Robert Browning (1812-1889) of lack of identity-defind by marraige title only a good item to him That's my last Duchess painted on the wall. Looking as if she were alive. I call Parrogants Fra Pandolf) by design, for never read inam ping Strangers like you that pictured countenance, like HS 30 Worked busily a day, and there she stands, valves duchess as 5 Will't please you sit and look at her21 said, something to show off underlyning demanding, using imperatives plosive p 'ner downfall in his eyes t The depth and passion of its earnest glance, challenges expectations of women, couldn't control who sne looked at when She was alive, but now she's dead nos... in control of who looks at her. DAR 10 The curtain I have drawn for you, but I) L ne controls who looks at his wife now of his temper And seemned as they would ask me, if they durst repeat 1-sense of proe. How such a glance came there; so, not the first people may be scared contine 12 a question but they have no voice Are you to turn and ask thus. Sir, 'twas not emplies visiter has asked mneractions Her husband's presence only, called that spot fare linked to mnuspand Fra Pandolf chanced to say 'Her mantle laps lack of Over my lady's wrist too much,' or 'Paint identity. Must never hope to reproduce the faint-Pure + innocent image tims to comment on his in-ability That piece a wonder, now: Frà Pandolf's hands validates nimself, he employed artist focorn or there exceed the mark' - and if she let/portrays husband + wife, like teacher reputation as being -comment on man's + Clipe role of tied to wife) fouthfulness? women? Half-flush that dies along her throat: such stuff one of death, hints at her fate? 20 Was courtesy, she thought, and causé enough For calling up that spot of joy. She had A heart - how shall I say? - too soon made glad, too ontisise as unuranted Suggest a lack of standards Toc easily impressed; she liked whate'er himself feel better She looked on, and her looks went everywhere. to make homsest very flirty/sexual enjanibert, list of her actions seem away 25 twas all one! My favour at her breast, exclamative The dropping of the daylight in the West, anger? The bough of cherries some officious foolr INTERTERE Broke in the orchard for her, the white mule symbolot Ia manj commoner English Develop your Hearing on AUA English e-Library elry adverb 'too' repeated, she was friendly & cheerful-ouke sees this endless carried with ·anger. opinion of other men suggests the extent of narcism + vanity. sense of superority She's promiscous suggests a universality Kmansveiw to her affections sees to express She rode with round the terrace - all and each! ss joy 30 Would draw from her alike the approving speech, I repetition and broken Or blush, at least. She thanked men. good, but thanked sense of anger-reflects stuttering Somehow-I know not how-asif she ranked) sees nobuity as hading My gift of a nine-hundred-years-old name greater to thes weight than romanticgifts With anybody's gift. Who'd stoop to blame 35 This sort of trifling? Even had you skill In speech -(which I have not)- to make your will Quite clear to such an one, and say, "Just this Or that in you disguste me; here you miss, GCSE ENGLISH LITERATURE PAST AND PRESENT: POETRY ANTHOLOGY - Arrogance, repetition emphisises him seeing his wife as beneathroom. what he wishes he had said? Herself be lessoned so, nor plainly set rse With • Pupill. Lack of equality. Did she resit Wife? Her wits to yours, forsooth, and made excuse, his demands? farse - E'en then would be some stooping; and choose role of women-he believes she modesty, Never to stoop. Oh sir, she smiled, no doubt, shouldn't need to be reminded now speaking Whene'er I passed her; but who passed without behave to 45 Much the same smile? This grew; I gave commands; Control Then all smiles stopped together. There she stands As if alive. Will't please you rise? We'll meet Pride + arrogance, sintesithout Euphemism smile as metaphor for murder, cold + synical caesura-sense of finality. The company below, then. I repeat, The Count your master's known munificence 50 Is ample warrant that no just pretence Payment for marraige from count- this is important for the Duke Of mine for dowry will be disallowed; Though his fair daughter's self as avowed refers to next wife as his Form + Structure: Smonologue written in rambic pet. Smuming couplets used throughout represents adsure for control. senyambent-carried away by anger-unstable character. >we only hear from The Duke- controlling, >cyclical structure my '-'me- wwwwwwww NARCISM At starting, is my object. Nay, we'll go fossesion Together down, sir. Notice Neptune, though, lack of identity 55 Taming a sea-horse, thought a rarity, subject quickly changes, wife is Which Claus of Innsbruck cast in bronze for me! artwork but gets Bored and moves final word. on with the paintings, personal pronoun Neptunes a metaphor for control- VEIN. what he seeks tadnures. Subtle warning to next wife. Narcism-sees him as a God. aga.org.uk/english-a-brary 31 context: the crimean war was the first media war and the realities of the war were reported. The Battle of Balaclava - British division called the light brigade. An order was misunderstood and 600 men ran towards the Russian fire. 150 were killed. He was a poeslaureate which captured the mood of the públic. Stanza 4-The battle Stanza 1-3 the charge Sydliance Biblical line: Psalm 23 1854 "through I walk through 30 the Valley of death! The Charge of the will fear no evil" Light Brigade 1 5 go up with one purpose. a collective Asiniste Shows courage Alfred Lord Tennyson (1809-1892) 1.about 21/2 miles Half a league, half a league, Half a league onward, All in the valley of Death death Rode the six hundred. 'Forward, the Light Brigade! Charge for the guns!' he said: REPETION. Into the valley of Death emphising death Rode the six hundred. REPETION 25 chiers) 4. repetition Flash'd all their sabres bare, emphising Flash'd as they turn'd in air light of Swords "Sabring the gunners there, Charging an army, while) All the world wonder'd: Plunged in the battery-smoke dRight thro' the line they broke; e Cossack and Russian Reel'd from the Sabre Stroke 35 с Shatter'd and Sunder'd. of Then they rode back, but not с 32 orders from above metaphor. unfold directorder 2. 'Forward, the Light Brigade! HONOUR: 10 Was there a man dismay'd? rhetorical as. Not tho' the soldier knew bravery VERB .context: Some one had blunder'd: •very big, mi stacle All that was left of them. Theirs not to make reply, emphising duty of Theirs not to reason why, the soldiers, OBEY Political critisism 15 Theirs but to do and die: Into the valley of Death continue without ensambament Rode the six hundred. pause ● 45 . ( AGAR English Develop your learning on AQA English e-Library e-Library 50 context:first media war -rhyme SIBILENCE echos of sword exaggeration to highlight critisis of battle -Power+ force IMPACT VERBS Sibilance-Sinister hissing Not the six hundred. Change of tone structurally-tragic 5. Cannon to right of them, constant nature 40 Cannon to left of them, of the battle! Cannon behind them 55 3. REPETITON, Soldiers Cannon to right of them, are surrounded. Cannon to left of them, 20 Cannon in front of them onomatopoeia Volley'd and thunder'd; "portrays noisy Storm'd at with shot and shell, Boldly they battle and well, ● Into the jaws of Death penition of chronological order-> events unfold death. Into the mouth of Hell monstrous Rode the six hundred] battle (personified to cntise generals. moment ->REPETITION - 6. When can their glory fade? O the wild charge they made! animal instint structure: All the world wonder'd. encourages the Honour the charge they made! reader to focus Honour the Light Brigade, final image focu- on honour. Noble six hundred! seson bravery and courage FORM+ STRUCTURE -repetition makes war seeminescapable. • 3rd person-like a story Volley'd and thunder'd; Storm'd at with shot and shell, While horse and hero fell, Collective They that had fought so well Came thro' the jaws of Death Back from the mouth of Hell, -honouring all of them. Waist of life. temphising the Left of six hundred. Structurally changes to a lonely end. RQ glory+ honour ·regular Phythm reflects galloping horses 4th stanza longest - long. battle 6th stanza shortest - lives cut shortL includes rhyming couplers & implers but unrhymed break SABRES-Curved swords oreflects chaos GCSE ENGLISH LITERATURE context: Owen was a was poet, who joined the army in 1915. He wrote the poem in 1917-18 in the trenches, devout chrishans but war changed his beliefs PAST AND PRESENT: POETRY ANTHOLOGY ne writes about his anger towards it. Parents: about him. 1917 elements French conditions Exposure exposing futility of war 1 collective Our brains ache, in the merciless iced east winds that knive 1st person [ALL SOLDIERS] 5 co of death onstant tried personificatio of dawn train (threat of nature 20 Cinsism overnm- ent. (died at 26, days before the war Wilfred Owen 25 2011 (1893-1918) us... Phychological trauma Wearied we keep awake because the night is silent... Elipis- Low, drooping flares confuse our memory of the salient... Worried by silence, sentries whisper, curious, nervous, ended) But nothing happens. list followed by short clause-abrupt nature Twind personified-sense of anger. of war.. Watching, we hear the mad gusts tugging on the wire; invisible but dangerous enemy Like twitching agonies of men among its brambles. Simile blurs barbed wire at 6Northward, incessantly, the flickering gunnery rumbles, war with nature-just as ruthless. 10 A Far off, like a dull rumour of some other war "half rhymes - frustrating lack of comfort. force Sibilance- hissing of the wind, The poignant misery of dawn begins to grow ... We only know war lasts, rain soaks, and clouds sag stormy. Dawn massing the east her melancholy army 15 Attacks once more in ranks on shivering ranks of grey, But nothing happens. nature is tired. Sudden successive flights of bullets streak the silence. dull, lifeless indicates threatening + repetitive PERSONIACATION OF WEATHER Creal enemy What are we doing here? THETORICAL Q.-questioning government juxtaposition Less deadly than the air that shudders black with snow, . With sidelong [flowing flakes that flock) pause, and renew, We watch them wandering up and down the wind's victims of winds nonchalance, natural Pale flakes with fingering stealth come feeling for our faces- We cringe in holes? back on forgotten dreams, and stare, snow-dazed, But nothing happens. endless ss waiting myme scheme never complete, just like war never seems to end -oxymoron-down is traditionally asociated with hope - rather not wake up. metaphorical list - constant threat of (fain sibilance-hissing sibilance mimics me Deep into grassier ditches. So we drowse, sun-dozed, Littered with blossoms trickling where the blackbird fusses. Is it that we are dying? PHETORICALQ mentacy Sound of the bullets -> bullets are less deadly than the elements. alliteration- challenging read, stumble uhke the soldiers could mirror their death beds - inevitability of death. or pherhaps they are like scared animais-vuinreble Pherhaps answering question in staza 2- internal monologue / LOSING HOPE aqa.org.uk/english-e-library 33 poem about trenchwarfare.mp BAUTARSTI HELIDva 3200 YOUJOHTMAYAT209-TH323AR OMA TEAM 2993 assonance "0" sugrish movement. left. Slowly our ghosts drag home: glimpsing the sunk fires, glozed 30 With crusted dark-red jewels, crickets jingle there; metaphor for frozen blood /Harsh reality of blood during For hours the innocent mice rejoice: the house is theirs; war precious life is Shutters and doors, all closed: on us the doors are closed, - No In uffer. while OWENS LOSS OF FAITH PRESENT no longer men-shadows of their former ↑self / sense of inevitability of death. verb, suggests a lack of drive / nothing ↑self / se Since we believe not otherwise can kind fires burn; after war. 35 Nor ever suns smile true on child, or field, or fruit. For God's invincible spring our love is made afraid; Therefore, not loath, we lie out here; therefore were born, For love of God seems dying loss of faith in God as being a benevolent nature attacking them and caring force 9707Tonight, this frost will fasten on this mud and us, MODEL VERB 40 Shrivelling many hands, puckering foreheads crisp. 34 ا السلام اور We turn back to our dying, metaphor numb to what nome looks like. L> for difficulties of resuming home * oxymoron death + celebration The burying-party, picks and shovels in shaking grasp Pause over half-known faces. All their eyes are ice, metaphor.- Loss of expression. But nothing happens. context; Owen- shells no uushoto un accepted fate → happy to die loss of faith in God? aid the soldiers? futility of war Ambiguas-unclear we too (like the soldiers) are left in the dark. سجل الزوار Venability impro lion to makereal connections, being wasted. plosive 'P' narsh impact of nature notre pr 390H 8120 guparahan Coma-S DO or pherhaps facial disfigurement at war. AGAG English Develop your learning on AQA English e-Library e-Library temptiness-frozen over + structurally -> real loss of hope Formt Structure. -present tense-first person = collectivet shared experiance --regular rhyme scheme (ABBAC)-menoto- nus nature of war 27/1/2mymes - offers no comfort. -8 stanzas first stanza ends with words as last + reflects lack of change. OF IT. LUTY, NI. HIS poemsare can be found in this poem- may alsobe PAST AND PRESENT: POETRY ANTHOLOGY an extended metaphor for the situation of wor in context 1 Storm on the Island (1966) collective pronoun. Souve U Seamus Heaney (1939-2013) 15 shriveled LOVING TONE? With hay, so, as you see, there are no stacks personification of trees as friends. Or stooks that be 5 Which might prove company when it blows full direct adress-speaker forces us to Blast: you know what I mean - leaves and branches considerour experiances in storms war o Can raise a tragic chorus in a gale greek the po trees suggests they are left fradgedy, chorus comments on So that you can listen to the thing you fear on their owns to face a storch. 10 Forgetting that it pummels your house too. Agressive verb, egut there are no trees/no natural shelter. wind?? setting events plosive P-wildness of the storm. VOLTA emantic feild houses as a symbol of protection (nature determines now they build Sink walls in rock and roof them with good slate puncation, reinforces state of confidence in now they build/ contrasts This wizened earth has never troubled us security. We are prepared: we build our houses squat, semantic feild of Exploding comfortably down on the cliffs nature attacks with ease? war. But nog when it begins, the flung spray hits sibiance- nissing of wind? The very windows, spits like a tame cat SIMICE Turned savage. We just sit tight while wind dives Spitting of sea? reflects sudden change And strafes invisibly. Space is a salvo. Simultan- something familler can become We are bombarded by the empty air. eous fire activity frightening. Strange, it is a huge nothing that we fear Language associated compared with war wind composed to a fighter plane attacking an island. W You might think that the sea is company people are used to the wildness? 17 Oxymoron-juxtaposes fear and sofery INVISIBLE STORM -nothing Storm Leontracts with the met. power of nature solettens solid rock- Sheer power of nature. Form T Structure blank verse-conversational first person plural -communal expe. • enjambent + caesura -broken rhythm-neven like a storm -enjambent flows towards caesura which gives power to words like 'blast' • One block of ia fragme's lines- uninymed. -Solid squat nature of the house -Storm as one relentless event with no relief -VOLTA-line 17 to show change. aqa.org.uk/english-e-library 35 context: Hughes often wholder in WWI., He was inspired by 'charge" FOCUses on a nameless soldier He act. Hughes dramatises the struggle between a mans thoughts 5 (1930-1998) blade attached to the end a Bayonet Charge (1957) in media res fast paced chaos of war -repetition-emotionly and Physically Suddenly he awoke and was running - raw discomfort and inexpenance raw-seamed hot khaki, his sweat heavy, semantic feuld associated with heat. rural imagery juxtaposed indiv VERStumbling across a field of clods towards a green hedge -imagery-war destroys beauty of nature. annan 1 lack of Bullets smacking the belly out of the air - personification-blurs lines between mee + weapons That dazzled with rifle fire, hearing dazzled positive against war conotations-feels misplaced question. -ephinany Hare= symbol of soldiers Ted Hughes in battle verb. sense of no verb- Physical exhaustion Helluggedja rifle numb as a smashed arm; Simile suggests the rifle is useless against bullets 36 In bewilderment then he almost stopped metorice In what cold clockwork of the stars and the nations metaphor-he is the hand on the clock. L> being used /objectified, tiny tool Was he the hand pointing that second? He was running in the grander scheme of war Like a man who has jumped up in the dark and runs L>some clocks don't even have. Listening between his footfalls for the reason slow motion running seconds hands L Of his still running, and his foot hung like "hung"-vvinreble + easy target, simile 15 Statuary in mid-stride! Then the shot-slashed furrows shows him turning to stone pherhaps in bewilder a group of statues- this and the clocks- images of being objectified. sibilance-hissing limpact of bullets, Threw up a yellow hare that rolled like a flame - yellow (returning to reauty) And crawled in a threshing circle, its mouth wide is symbolic of cowardness - also represent bullets going off Open silent, its eyes standing out. EFFECTS OF WAR on nature + soldiers. He plunged past with his bayonet toward the green hedge, stanzal = 'a' green hedge retum.20 King, honour, human dignity, etcetera]-(ist + 'etc' 'the' definite determiner = more cannotes meat-disposable weapon rather than a human being Loss of identity ne could explode at Cells of out the + The patriotic tear that had brimmed in his eye simile - implies the patriotism has Use of pasttense shows, patriotism is overnow. Sweating like molten iron from the centre of his chest, - caused intense pain. Heroic details reality. ✓ painful thoughts. dash creates pause-slow motion. effect zooming in an soldiers any minvete- Avelled poem by terror actions. Dropped like luxuries in a yelling alarmects the reason of whyreal and threatening. ne joined the To get out of that blue crackling air visual + auditory e army. moments of terror -loss of identity His terror's touchy dynamite. image of hinder of dange overwhelming fear. soldier has become a war- 고 Conosance of ctenarsh tonomatopoeic AGAG English Develop your learning on AQA English e-Library -Library Form + structure • 36tanzas separated by theme- 1st = external conflict 2nd = internal, 3rd = external • irregular mython + Thyme -chaos of war irregular -mirrors soldiers struggles • enjambent + caesuras rhythm • In medias res-covers soldiers move- ments and thoughts overa short space of time. CONTEXT Simon worked as a probablon officer, poetry. often reflects concern about how people are affected. channel 4 screened a documentary called forgotten -inspired his poem about soldiers PTSD based on a soldier: Gaurdsman Tromans. neroes with dead people? memories? doubt verb 'sent out'- sense of duty blame A collection of recurring memories elsewhere, removal of autonomy 1 On another occasion, we get sent out to tackle looters raiding a bank. And one of them legs it up the road (probably armed, possibly not.) PLOS INES-emphisis falls on these words. S Remains (2008) the certainty. 5 How to vero R=C.I.P erb. % dehuman ising rair. sugges a 2 casual tone to violence I see every round as it rips through his life life and body-highlighting family of metaphorically + utterally-destroying the impact of 10 I see broad daylight on the other side. So we've hit this looter a dozen times -graphic hyperbolic imagery - blunt reflection of and he's there on the ground, (sort of inside out, tefter deatmetaphoric daylight caesura emphisises. taken to process pain itself, the image of agony. One of my mates goes by Poet laureate from 2010 Simon Armitage (b. 1963) fransiston war 20 home. British nes bbish. ciceptoris GCSE ENGLISH LITERATURE PAST AND PRESENT: POETRY ANTHOLOGY unnamed Well myself and somebody else and somebody else syndetic list, ambiguity of blame are all of the same mind repetition, idea. anonymus men nignright many men forgotten at war- transient nature collective so all three of us open fire. shared duty. Three of a kind all letting fly, and I swear PLOSIVES siang-c -casual rone, everyday occurance. childish description - blunt speaker metaphor is unable for pain. to process it or express adult emotitions and tosses his guts back into his body. violent death described to us Then he's carted off in the back of a lorry grotesqve image-speaker is used for this 28 to rhymes emphasise --- VOLTA --- cargo.. End of story, except not really. passed around visual reminder of the death His blood-shadow stays on the street and out on patrol Shadow suggests a lingering reminder I walk right over it week after week. short simple sentence suggests now simple people, expected it to be to return home. Then I'm home on leave. But I blink senjambent reflects the continuation of the memory or guilt 4 aga.org.uk/english-e-library 37 metafora image of "bursts' mirrors suddeness of revisiting memories (PTSD) metaphor for memories/ brain Sleep, and he's probably armed, possibly not, repeticion-suggests this moment replays in his mind. inner turmoil Dream, and he's torn apart by a dozen rounds. And the drink and the drugs won't flush him out etaphorically + litteral Soldiers to and he bursts again through the doors of the bank. рать ду bor 38 raways there 25 he's here in my head when I close my eyes, metaphor for soldier brain. not left for dead in some distant, sun-stunned, sand-smothered land like a soldier in dug in behind enemy lines, dug in-rooted + permanent "Behind"... na] or six-feet-under in desert sand, trench include Casual tone towards death turned into compound adjectives that now compound violence-nature affected Sibilance- by war bamocouplet follows 7 quatrains reflects burning of speech light Savtodramatic end effects of PTSD. metaphor to suggest addiction. inability to escape or rest. but near to the knuckle, here and now, 30 his bloody life in my bloody hands. normal life cut short - never go back to the structure before. Sense of being unfinished Speaker wants memories to end ↓ so poem ends or a repetivery sinister state of mind. AGAR English Develop your learning on AQA English e-Library SUbrary w people who start wars. dual meaning-image of blood but also expletive showing anger link to ambition of <- "My "now feels responsible. ↓ allusion to Macbeth -speaker becomes, unbalanced by grilt like lady Macbeth who sees blood on her hands after pursuading kill the king. him to Form + Structure no reginar rhyme scheme or rhythium- free verse starts with first person plural ''we' changes to more personal '1'-sense of responsibility clear VOLTA tone changes to guilt final couplet breaks the structure is often come in confirce and its impact on personal relationships. The poem is written from a mothers point GCSE ENGLISH LITERATURE ey the poppier are associated with Armistice Day. r poetry. Her Poppies Rememberance Day. Three days before Armistice Sunday universal symbol of rememberance and poppies had already been placed remphasis on the indivisual plural graves"-mass loss on individual war graves. Before you left, protecting + caring nature-motherly one 5 spasms of paper red! disrupting a blockade lack of control + fears? of yellow bias binding around your blazer. Lwar Language interupts the moment Semantic field of military combat. -verb'bandaged reminder of war tainting the moment. Foreshadowing the loss of her son. as I could, smoothed down your shirt's of the mother. -sibilance reflects soothing nature 10 upturned collar, steeled the softening umage of physical closeness that mother of my face. I wanted to graze my nose across the tip of your nose, play at being Eskimos like we did when longs for Nostalgic tone-reflects distance between then + now. 1 Jane Weir (b. 1963) Sellotape bandaged around my hand, amocence zpounded up as many white cat hairs gesture conder you were little. I resisted the impulse 15 to run my fingers through the gelled Biblical link to christ's crown of thoms blackthorns of your hair, All my words flattened, rolled, turned into felt, during crusixifion. Idea of sacrificing tekale language, your child for the world. used to describe repressedemotions / she chooses to keep them to slowly melting. I was brave, as I walked of love for her with you, to the front door, threw Simile world is precious and full of opportunity. 20 it open, the world overflowing like a treasure chest. A split second sense that may be her son won't see these. hoverb, hints at lack of control of his life, now has and you were away, intoxicated.) joined the army. Tone of anger? Worry? After you'd gone I went into your bedroom, leaving young men are pawns 25 Later a single dove flew from the pear tree, motherly affection or clear nint af loss. symbolic of peace but also morming in war. released a song bird from its cage.symbolic of son and this is where it has led me, jeanza z runs into 3. skirting the church yard walls, my stomach busy anxiety. sewing imagery conveys her nervousness + making tucks, darts, pleats, hat-less, without fast paced list-nerves a winter coat or reinforcements of scarf, gloves. I battle imagery makes her seem unprepared and vvinreble. mmmmmmmmmmmmmmm aga.org.uk/english-e-library 39 find acer mmmmmm comfort from the memonal-feels importance of physical touch. close to hims 30 On reaching the top of the hill traced reminder of the risks her son faces, the inscriptions on the war memorial of longing leaned against it like a wishbone, -symportance for her one wish desperation The dove pulled freely against the sky, Smau dove in sky, represents herson as an ornamental stitch. I listened, hoping to hear one of the many soldiers, something. 35 your playground voice catching on the wind. smau and beavorful in a rast space be a nostalgic image - he will always. ned to come young boy in her mind. 290T220 S402 poing To 21mm 900- pravior you to wawer beooo wg dag-bahan im (moz Lax To 270) et prvobork101 02 Proton primio 2009/701 970Ande whom tomt mangzalo topply to apoia and plana ut option com 3MONT TO OWORZNO OT 7/00 100/dia adagroderiques enprobe to bebi norixizoo prom brow ont 207 bln may Huntians to wt bro zem z pow. 91/m 9291H+992 ATION 2200 pon 40 Form + structure mung -no rhyme or rhythm-reflects her Lowa (ace of control -rambling thoughts an - Use a first person narrative-intim tream ate tone, personal emotion -Long sentences + enjambent-no overflowing emotions - caesura suggests breauc/distance in relationship, disjoined. -chronlogical order but in past tense. - reflects strong des produe fige A Round Ki AGAG English Develop your learning on AQA English e-Library e-Library CONTEXT: Duffy was poet laureate (2009-19) -friend who was a war photographer, uses this and violence of war and geracross political film to portray messages. - Line 12, a photo of Vietnamese girl burned by bomb. ontext: red-light for image develo pment 1 War Photographer 1985 establishes the -Context: develop cameras dark nints at subject matter/ MORALLY es the setting-co In his darkroom he is finally alone A DARK? onnotations of bloodt violence, plosivess -harsh reality war graves. as though this were a church and he smile chaos and violence reduced a priest preparing to lintone a Mass. Serioussnesto something ordered. Clost sensitivity) Belfast (Beirut Phnom Penh. All flesh is grasspof his 9681 1982 capital of Cambodia work. glowup positive SACRED ACT RORD 1967 caesura, break He has a job to do. Solutions slop in trays peace beneath his hands, which did not tremble then though seem to now. Rural England. Home again 10 to ordinary pain which simple weather can dispel, quote from image shows de- the bible. (isian) tachment from human life is temp. emotions in the war detachment as a war photographer in war zone ne kept himself together to fields which don't explode beneath the feet iuxtapo-Lemotions are now developing. of running children in a nightmare heat. -emotive language-emphises Something is happening A stranger's features sing-awarand rural home life simple life vs war life by image of war ·brutal + unexpected DESTRUCTION OF INNOCENCE. physical detachment from photo but detail of account reveais emotional in pact. 15 a half-formed ghost. He remembers the cries of this man's wife, how he sought approval without words to do what someone must photo undeveloped but also suggests a body that has been mutilated. "ghost"-implies person has died. and how the blood stained into foreign dust. duty and comitment to informing the public. verb suggests longevity of war being inabuity to forget of media-waris entertainment. plosives harsh explosions VOLTA emotive lang. emphisis switchedfaintly start to twist before his eyes, on exter of suffe Reels of film metaphor with spools of suffering set out in ordered rows. B for soldiers or rows of The only light is red and softly glows, B slightness Carol Ann Duffy an 89 (b. 1955) l eosig A hundred agonies in black-and-white 20 from which his editor will pick out five or six for Sunday's supplement. The reader's eyeballs prick highligths the forgotter men idea of only some being news- worthy' fone of disgust. of emotion tears between the bath and pre-lunch beers.- From the aeroplane he stares impassively at where he earns his living and they do not care. internal rhyme everyday suggests ad imagery- ion is repla by everyday highlights d luxunes for public.. suggests Comparison to purai chies of the mans wite they' ambiguous hey'end GCSE ENGLISH LITERATURE PAST AND PRESENT: POETRY ANTHOLOGY with sense of anger. I to speak + recite 2 Capital of lebanon 3 extra section of a Sunday paper. of citizenss- only smau pause inday, sed with the concept Form + structure >4 stanzas-regular rhyme scheme Pordered-reflects the care taken >Volta-third stanza-remembers a specific death, change of tone structurally. final stanza focuses on a sense of disgust towards people who don't care. aga.org.uk/english-e-library M context: Emigrée relates to the word emigrate, defined as a woman who has to leave her country. Rumens is, a lecturer who has a 'facination with "elsewhere' she isn't an emigrant herself PAST AND PRESENT: POETRY ANTHOLOGY GCSE ENGLISH LITERATURE is sympathy.. 1 The Emigrée (1993). seems like a fairytale - childhood naivity. [remenicing her passed life/ Country There once was a country...eft it as a child but my memory of it is sunlight-clear positive conotation-bright/happy for it seems I never saw it in that November -never seen it in a 5 which, I am told, comes to the mildest city. dark depressing light / too in love The worst news I receive of it cannot break meraphor with the peace to see it in the darkc place (hints at threat showing conflict inner nome, juxtaposing but la my original view, the bright, filled paperweight.) tranquil image of her home. It may be at war, it may be sick with fixed impression-permanent nothing can her mind udiste kat change implies threat in the "(model verb may" tyrants, I am branded by an impression of sunlight. Permanence ampression neg. verb in the poin neqventy The white streets of that city, the graceful slopesady. the idylic reiw. memory 10 glow even clearer as time rolls its tanks Contrast of slopes and the frontiers rise between us, close like) waves. native language ecity still SIMILE That child's vocabulary carried here kan adjective thats the opposite / something person. Franks to plain and poternally dangerous. OLO VOLAB BRINGS HER COMEDET. Oftanks juxtaposing / oxy to loveliness like a hollow doll, opens and spills a grammar. ignored by her. Soon I shall have every coloured molecule of it. reference to wart bombs molecule' but coloured It may by now be a lie, banned by the state veroid language - desperation to cling onto it in Limetaphor of as she is still anaive child. realise but I can't get it off my tongue. It tastes of sunlight. war but y), no way of coming back. happy memories of at al' shows she's try to go home useless word molecrue [noun] Purity innocence "young? Nothing Dside 15 loesn't Carol Rumens (b. 1944) Giving voice to the emigrée /encourages empathy in reader. hoplession una20 wreathing sees sence of Thave no passport, there's no way back at all Iner city is language-new-y still notivenly to her, met. but my city comes to me in its own white plane. It lies down in front of me, docile as paper; 1 comb its hair and love its shining eyes, Personifys the city as a child or even a pet-childlike Joy My city takes me dancing through the city Person. full of life + joy. - romantic image of old city. of walls. They accuse me of absence, they circle me-new city isn't welcoming of her as restrictive hey accuse me of being dark in their free it fasts with My city hides behind me. They mutter death,her moms of the 30 and my shadow falls as evidence of sunlight. poem ends on a old language + city, making of senses- increases vividness of memory + feelings. her love of city is danc those in the new city Positive note lasting impression Place. country) of sunlight. 43 context: Bom British Gvina in the Carcbean (1949) moved to UK in 1970's. uses non standard phonetic spelling (written as the word sounds). Also does oral history telling stories by word of mouth). Uses thems like ethnicity, mythology + academia. Dem tell me repetition of 'dem Vsi conflict between speaker and British Dem tell me Creates a sense Wha dem want to tell me suggests people have an agend education system. et ironic-bandages nould heal refers to their powder is emprisised. Bandage up me eye withyme own history deliberate attempt to hide History. Blind me to me own identity/-repeated phasing nints at connection between history + identity. Dem tell me bout 1066 and all dat dismisses british history. assumes reader knows it. dem tell me bout Dick Whittington and he cat Brush rustory seem mivaltchildus uses pantomine as an -challenges bruish education system But Toussaint L'Ouverture no dem never tell me bout dat succesion of short lines changes Toussaint pace-distance from Europeans. 'a slave netaptor for him Deird Checking Out Me History (207) 1 access to misident. 44 20 10 15 John Agard (b. 1949) Phonetic spelling-caribean dialect A Napoleon battalion images of light contrast with with vision the blindness of his formal education lick back Whilk defiance -emphists his anture + tone of defence towards 'me and first Black RETITION makes it sound Republic borne achant, creates pration Toussaint de thorn/tone of rightful to de French Toussaint de beacon of de Haitian Revolution Dem tell me bout de man who discover de balloon and de cow who jump over de moon Dem tell me bout de dish ran away with de spoon 25 but dem never tell me bout Nanny de maroon connotations of power, freedom thope. mmmm English Develop your learning on ADA English e-Library TOUSANT L'OUVERTURE general in Haitian revoution •self edircated stave - no military experiance -drave Naporean (french emporer) out of Halci ·led Haiti to become an independent nation одумнот от порет rebellion reference to nursery my mes -European history by comparison ir trivial + childish use of thyne here creates chuidish tone. Belittles/Morks British wit presents her as a visionary. seeks change sh history. 30 NANNY OF THE MAROONS. • born + grew up in Grana of mountain dream • sold into slavery into the early 1700's. • escaped slavery with many others fire-woman struggle hopeful stream free-saing helped to form a new community spiritual freedom to freedom river ture/ national heroine in Jamaica Dem tell me bout Lord Nelson and Waterloo umages of European e hers i led battles againt British but dem never tell me bout Shaka de great Zulujutaposed with cambe an ones. Dem tell me bout Columbus and 1492 Colombus a European who found 35 but what happen to de Caribs and de Arawaks too original habitants of west indies 40 45 passionate, ampinous woman Nanny see-far woman Dem tell me bout Florence Nightingale and she lamp and how Robin Hood used to camp figures of brinish folk law Dem tell me bout ole King Cole was a merry ole soul but dem never tell me bout Mary Seacole momm wwwwwww.GCSE ENGLISH LITERATURE PAST AND PRESENT: POETRY ANTHOLOGY From Jamaica she travel far to the Crimean War she volunteer to go -suggest defiance and even when de British said no and bravery. she still brave the Russian snow a yellow sunrise to the dying 50 Dem tell me a healing star metaphor-linkes her to among the wounded wider -seems more real /important than figures in British history eg Robin Hood. Suggests Something Painfurt //struggle m reigin his idenhey. MARY SEACOLE Jamaican living in England • Vounteered to be sent as a Nurse in the Crimean war. • set up hotel as a base for wounded soldiers. Reputation rivalled Florence Universe Nightingale but not as widely taught. repetion of phonetic lines to 1st Stanza Reminds of speakers arger. Dem tell me wha dem want to tell me But now I checking out me own history I carving out me identity pohon me" -responsibility on, on self. Formt Structure omixture of stanza forms-he breaks the confining rines of Language +/history. wishes more personal 0 • syimple thymes in British history •NO PUNCTUATION-breaking confinement -defrance ag • Hallics of Carribean history. to make it stand out BREDDY -ibrary 45 SIL www context: Norked as an NHS clinician or phychological medicine. Kamikaze is the term used for a Japanese pilot in WWII who has trained to make a sviade crash upon a us target young pilots were asked to vounteer to sacrifice himself to show patriotism and bringing nonour to their families. Kamikaze (2013) 5 • 3rd person narrative-distance Japan Sknownas Her father embarked at sunrise excluding's the land otwith a flask of water, a samurai sword sing sun journey into history metaphor-highlights how pilots were told conjuction shows would be remembered. Tone of pamotismy turns like the plane Theme childish image/ Sranza/tecounting it later to her children, 'to narrative, mirrors pilots lack of voice. Impact of war on family he must have looked far down rony-pilot should be looking for enemy ships 10 at the little fishing boats simile-homely and pretty image of nature strung out like bunting contrasts with what his nation focuses on. vew on thon a green-blue translucent sea Beuty + purity and life. world-not ready to die yet. Sa soord irony-puot Beatrice Garland (b. 1938) cast away in the cockpit, a shaven head hints at propaganda / social expectations meraphorical-suggests pilot is under a spell full of powerful incantations-negan ve connotations-speaker feelsanger? and enough fuel for a one-way from 15 like a huge flag waved first one way towards national identity + excrectations Lack of direction -symbolic of doubt then the other in a figure of eight, the dark shoals of fishes sibulance sound of fish moving gracefully +peaceful nature, one of the main reasons for his retim. turnsdwayashing silver as their bellies swivelled towards the sun other lots/f I sense of betrayal and beneath them, arcing in swathes enjambent Combat. 46 and remembered how he and 20 his brothers waiting on the shore innocent memories built cairns of pearl-grey pebbles to see whose withstood longest the turbulent inrush of breakers Reminder /imagery of patrionsm + honour Zend of race of life-waving flag. focus switches to pulate's childhood memories C flour of memones causes him to come back. O of memory bringing their father's boat safe the danger of mission. Juxtaposition between innocence and danger. "pear- beauty + valse in natie pebbles-delicate imagery contrasts with English Develop your learning on AQA English e-Library Larry destructive mission. GCSE ENGLISH LITERATURE PAST AND PRESENT: POETRY ANTHOLOGY interjection of direct speech therefore reminded that disrupts narrative the puot nas lost his italics represent voice of daughter voice as a consequence of his choice 25-yes, grandfather's boat-safe] repetinion-hints at pilots mindset to the shore, salt-sodden, awash with cloud- marked mackerel, -ist and detail of fish nighlights semantic black crabs, feathery prawns, Their beauty and significance to the pilor nature seems precious feild of the loose silver of whitebait and once. vo at -remind of fall mission." Sky-And though he came back lang. 30 a tuna, the dark prince, muscular, dangeroushints at danger-pilot phernaps not related first full stop - signifies to the end of - daughter speaking his also end of scrory my mother never spoke again peoples respect for him. (italics) in his presence, nor did she meet his eyes I factual yet qu'ie reflective cone and the neighbours too, they treated him hints aut Uher pain? 35 as though he no longer existed, more than I person-extent of shame. only we children still chattered and laughed shitting blame Idoes she feel guilty? villainises the neighbours Ldeepsname- to national till gradually we too learned Society passes on to be silent, to live as though expectations, 'silent'-nighlights lacic he had never returned, that this power of national identity- identity 40 was no longer the father we loved. And sometimes, she said, he must have wondered-final idea is which had been the better way to die. death despite retum. destructiveness of patriotism short sentence to finish. sense of sympathy as she mes to give him reflects his voice disappearing -was dead to them all. Form + structure -third person-external voice telling the story but also her daughters. voice -only her voice is neard-absense of his voice first 5stanzas = all one sentence.could reflect moment he canded and everything changed. final 2 stanza) - consecvencel final short sentence/ follows death -destructiveness of patriotism -challenging national identity of shame.