Subjects

World/Global History

Conflict, crisis, and reaction in the late 18th century

The french revolution, napoleon’s reign, and the congress of vienna

French Revolution: Estates and Declarations - Chapter 9 Quiz Keywords

Name: Knowunity
Brand: Knowunity

View

French Revolution: Estates and Declarations - Chapter 9 Quiz Keywords

Aalivia

@wwaguli

29 Followers

The French Revolution was a pivotal period in European history that reshaped France's social and political landscape. This chapter explores the key events, figures, and concepts that defined this tumultuous era from 1789 to 1815.

Key points:

France's society was divided into three Estates with vast inequality
The Third Estate rebelled against the privileged First and Second Estates
Important events included the storming of the Bastille and the "Great Fear"
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen established key principles of liberty and equality
A new constitution created a limited monarchy, but political tensions remained

8/1/2023

162

The French Revolution and
Napoleon, 1789-1815
Chapter 9
dict
10700 The French Revolution
Begins
Lesson estates
French society was based on i

View

The Storming of the Bastille

This section covers the storming of the Bastille, a pivotal event that marked the start of the French Revolution.

On July 14, 1789, around 900 Parisians stormed the Bastille, an old fortress used as a prison and armory. After four hours of fighting, the prison warden surrendered. This event symbolized the fall of the old regime and the beginning of the revolution.

Quote: "Paris is abandoned to the rebels." - A contemporary observer describing the aftermath of the Bastille's fall.

Highlight: July 14, the date of the Bastille's storming, is now celebrated as Bastille Day, France's national holiday.

View

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen

This section examines the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen, a foundational document of the French Revolution.

Definition: The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen was a charter of basic liberties adopted by the National Assembly in August 1789.

Influenced by Enlightenment philosophy, the declaration proclaimed that all men were free and equal before the law. It affirmed key principles such as:

Freedom of speech and press
Equality in taxation
Appointment to public office based on talent, not birth

Highlight: The declaration did not initially include women's rights, leading Olympe de Gouges to write her own "Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen" in 1791.

This document became a cornerstone of French republicanism and influenced human rights declarations worldwide.

View

The Constitution of 1791

This page discusses the Constitution of 1791, which established France as a constitutional monarchy.

Key features of the Constitution of 1791 included:

A limited monarchy with a king as head of state
A unicameral Legislative Assembly to make laws
Voting rights restricted to more affluent citizens

Highlight: The Constitution of 1791 represented a compromise between revolutionary ideals and the desire to maintain some form of monarchical government.

While the constitution marked a significant change from absolute monarchy, it did not satisfy political radicals who wanted more comprehensive reforms. This tension would lead to further upheaval in the coming years.

Example: Under the new system, only about 50,000 of France's 26 million people qualified to vote, based on tax-paying requirements.

View

The Sans-Culottes

This page introduces the sans-culottes, radical revolutionaries who became a powerful political force in Paris.

Vocabulary: Sans-culottes, literally meaning "without breeches," were working-class revolutionaries in Paris known for wearing long trousers instead of the knee-length breeches favored by the nobility.

The sans-culottes identified themselves as ordinary patriots and played a significant role in street demonstrations and political clubs. While often depicted as poor workers, many were actually prosperous artisans or merchants – the elite of their neighborhoods.

Highlight: The sans-culottes became a driving force for radical change during the revolution, pushing for greater equality and direct democracy.

View

The Taille Tax System

This page focuses on France's primary tax, the taille, and how it contributed to social inequality.

Vocabulary: The taille was France's chief tax, an annual direct tax usually levied on land or property.

The taille provided a regular source of income for the French monarchy. However, it was deeply unfair as the wealthy First and Second Estates were exempt from paying it. This placed a heavy burden on the Third Estate, fueling resentment and calls for reform.

Highlight: Despite controlling most of the wealth, neither the clergy (First Estate) nor the nobles (Second Estate) had to pay the taille tax.

View

The French Revolution Begins

This introductory section sets the stage for exploring the causes and early events of the French Revolution. It highlights how social inequality and financial crisis led to growing unrest in France by 1789.

Highlight: The French Revolution was a period of major social and political upheaval in France from 1789 to 1799.

View

The Bourgeoisie

This section examines the bourgeoisie, an influential segment of the Third Estate that played a crucial role in the revolution.

Definition: The bourgeoisie was the middle class of French society, comprising about 8% of the population but owning 20-25% of the land.

The bourgeoisie included merchants, bankers, industrialists, lawyers, doctors, and writers. Despite their wealth and education, they were frustrated by the privileges enjoyed by the nobility, particularly tax exemptions. This discontent made them key drivers of revolutionary change.

Example: A successful merchant from the bourgeoisie might own more land than a minor noble, yet still face higher taxes and fewer legal rights.

View

The Three Estates of French Society

This page explains the rigid social structure of pre-revolutionary France, divided into three distinct estates or social classes.

Definition: The Three Estates were the main social classes in pre-revolutionary France:

First Estate: The clergy (about 130,000 people)

Second Estate: The nobility (about 350,000 people)

Third Estate: Everyone else, including peasants, urban workers and the bourgeoisie (98% of the population)

The First and Second Estates held significant privileges and owned much of the land, while the Third Estate bore most of the tax burden despite making up the vast majority of the population. This inequality was a major factor leading to the revolution.

Example: The First Estate owned about 10% of the land while making up only 1% of the population.

View

The Great Fear

This page describes the "Great Fear," a period of widespread panic and peasant uprisings in the French countryside.

The Great Fear occurred in the summer of 1789, as rumors spread from village to village that foreign troops were coming to put down the revolution. In response, peasants attacked the estates of nobles, destroying records of their feudal obligations.

Example: In some areas, peasants burned down châteaux (manor houses) and destroyed land records to erase evidence of their debts and duties to local lords.

This period of rural unrest put pressure on the National Assembly to address the grievances of the peasantry and abolish feudal privileges.

View

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

Knowunity was a featured story by Apple and has consistently topped the app store charts within the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.

Download in

Google Play

Download in

App Store

Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

4.9+

Average App Rating

13 M

Students use Knowunity

#1

In Education App Charts in 12 Countries

950 K+

Students uploaded study notes

Still not sure? Look at what your fellow peers are saying...

iOS User

I love this app so much [...] I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a C to an A with it :D

Stefan S, iOS User

The application is very simple and well designed. So far I have found what I was looking for :D

SuSSan, iOS User

Love this App ❤️, I use it basically all the time whenever I'm studying

Subjects

World/Global History

Conflict, crisis, and reaction in the late 18th century

The french revolution, napoleon’s reign, and the congress of vienna

French Revolution: Estates and Declarations - Chapter 9 Quiz Keywords

Aalivia

@wwaguli

29 Followers

Key points:

France's society was divided into three Estates with vast inequality
The Third Estate rebelled against the privileged First and Second Estates
Important events included the storming of the Bastille and the "Great Fear"
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen established key principles of liberty and equality
A new constitution created a limited monarchy, but political tensions remained

8/1/2023

162

9th

World/Global History

The Storming of the Bastille

This section covers the storming of the Bastille, a pivotal event that marked the start of the French Revolution.

Quote: "Paris is abandoned to the rebels." - A contemporary observer describing the aftermath of the Bastille's fall.

Highlight: July 14, the date of the Bastille's storming, is now celebrated as Bastille Day, France's national holiday.

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen

This section examines the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen, a foundational document of the French Revolution.

Definition: The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen was a charter of basic liberties adopted by the National Assembly in August 1789.

Influenced by Enlightenment philosophy, the declaration proclaimed that all men were free and equal before the law. It affirmed key principles such as:

Freedom of speech and press
Equality in taxation
Appointment to public office based on talent, not birth

Highlight: The declaration did not initially include women's rights, leading Olympe de Gouges to write her own "Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen" in 1791.

This document became a cornerstone of French republicanism and influenced human rights declarations worldwide.

The Constitution of 1791

This page discusses the Constitution of 1791, which established France as a constitutional monarchy.

Key features of the Constitution of 1791 included:

A limited monarchy with a king as head of state
A unicameral Legislative Assembly to make laws
Voting rights restricted to more affluent citizens

Highlight: The Constitution of 1791 represented a compromise between revolutionary ideals and the desire to maintain some form of monarchical government.

Example: Under the new system, only about 50,000 of France's 26 million people qualified to vote, based on tax-paying requirements.

The Sans-Culottes

This page introduces the sans-culottes, radical revolutionaries who became a powerful political force in Paris.

Vocabulary: Sans-culottes, literally meaning "without breeches," were working-class revolutionaries in Paris known for wearing long trousers instead of the knee-length breeches favored by the nobility.

Highlight: The sans-culottes became a driving force for radical change during the revolution, pushing for greater equality and direct democracy.

The Taille Tax System

This page focuses on France's primary tax, the taille, and how it contributed to social inequality.

Vocabulary: The taille was France's chief tax, an annual direct tax usually levied on land or property.

Highlight: Despite controlling most of the wealth, neither the clergy (First Estate) nor the nobles (Second Estate) had to pay the taille tax.

The French Revolution Begins

Highlight: The French Revolution was a period of major social and political upheaval in France from 1789 to 1799.

The Bourgeoisie

This section examines the bourgeoisie, an influential segment of the Third Estate that played a crucial role in the revolution.

Definition: The bourgeoisie was the middle class of French society, comprising about 8% of the population but owning 20-25% of the land.

Example: A successful merchant from the bourgeoisie might own more land than a minor noble, yet still face higher taxes and fewer legal rights.

The Three Estates of French Society

This page explains the rigid social structure of pre-revolutionary France, divided into three distinct estates or social classes.

Definition: The Three Estates were the main social classes in pre-revolutionary France:

First Estate: The clergy (about 130,000 people)

Second Estate: The nobility (about 350,000 people)

Third Estate: Everyone else, including peasants, urban workers and the bourgeoisie (98% of the population)

Example: The First Estate owned about 10% of the land while making up only 1% of the population.

The Great Fear

This page describes the "Great Fear," a period of widespread panic and peasant uprisings in the French countryside.

Example: In some areas, peasants burned down châteaux (manor houses) and destroyed land records to erase evidence of their debts and duties to local lords.

This period of rural unrest put pressure on the National Assembly to address the grievances of the peasantry and abolish feudal privileges.

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

Knowunity was a featured story by Apple and has consistently topped the app store charts within the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.

Download in

Google Play

Download in

App Store

4.9+

Average App Rating

13 M

Students use Knowunity

#1

In Education App Charts in 12 Countries

950 K+

Students uploaded study notes

Still not sure? Look at what your fellow peers are saying...

iOS User

I love this app so much [...] I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a C to an A with it :D

Stefan S, iOS User

The application is very simple and well designed. So far I have found what I was looking for :D

SuSSan, iOS User