Ever wonder how your heart keeps beating 100,000 times a... Show more
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12/14/2025
GenBio
Cardiovascular system
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Dec 14, 2025
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Understanding the Cardiovascular System: Heart Parts and Blood Cells
A
Angel
@angel_87ncr
1 / 4
Your Heart: The Ultimate Muscle
Your cardiovascular system is basically your body's transportation network - your heart, blood vessels, and blood work together to deliver oxygen and nutrients while hauling away waste like CO₂. Think of it as the world's most efficient delivery service that never takes a break!
Your heart has four chambers that work like a two-story house. The atria (upper chambers) collect blood coming into the heart, while the ventricles (lower chambers) pump blood out to your body. The right side handles oxygen-poor blood, and the left side deals with oxygen-rich blood.
Heart valves act like one-way doors, preventing blood from flowing backward - that familiar "lub-dub" sound is actually your valves snapping shut. Your heart muscle contracts and relaxes in a rhythm called your heartbeat, and it's protected by a tough tissue layer called the pericardium.
Quick Fact: Your heart beats about 100,000 times per day - that's roughly 35 million beats per year!
Blood: Your Body's River of Life
Blood is literally called the "river of life" because it's that important! It's made up of plasma (the liquid part) and blood cells, and it has three main jobs: transport, protection, and temperature regulation.
Red blood cells (erythrocytes) are your oxygen delivery trucks - they're the most numerous and carry oxygen throughout your body. White blood cells (leukocytes) are your immune system's army, protecting you from infections. Platelets (thrombocytes) are like your body's repair crew, helping blood clot when you get cut.
Plasma makes up about 55% of your blood and is 92% water mixed with proteins, nutrients, and other dissolved substances. When you get injured, platelets and a protein called fibrinogen work together to form fibrin, creating those sticky strands that help stop bleeding.
Remember: If your white blood cell count increases, it usually means your body is fighting an infection!
Common Heart Problems You Should Know
Cardiovascular diseases are conditions affecting your heart or blood vessels, and they're more common than you might think. Understanding them now can help you make better health choices later!
Hypertension (high blood pressure) happens when blood pushes too hard against blood vessel walls. It can be caused by genetics, smoking, obesity, or stress. Atherosclerosis occurs when cholesterol builds up inside artery walls - imagine trying to drink a thick milkshake through a narrow straw!
Stroke results from blocked or hardened arteries in the brain, while coronary heart disease happens when blood can't reach the heart's own arteries. Hemophilia is when your blood can't clot properly due to missing clotting proteins, and anemia means you don't have enough healthy red blood cells.
Most of these conditions can be detected through physical exams, blood tests, or scans like CT scans and electrocardiograms. The good news? Many are preventable through healthy lifestyle choices!
Prevention Tip: Avoiding too much fat in your diet and not smoking can prevent many cardiovascular problems!
Genetics: Why You Look Like Your Parents
Genetics is the study of how traits pass from parents to offspring - it explains why you might have your dad's nose or your mom's eye color. Genes are like instruction manuals stored in your DNA that determine your characteristics.
Your genotype is your actual genetic makeup (the instructions), while your phenotype is what you can actually see or measure (like height or hair color). Gregor Mendel figured out the basic patterns of inheritance by studying pea plants - thanks to him, we understand dominant and recessive traits.
Sometimes genetics doesn't follow Mendel's simple rules. Incomplete dominance happens when neither trait completely dominates the other, creating a blend. For example, if a red flower crosses with a white flower, you might get pink flowers instead of just red or white.
Punnett squares help predict what offspring will look like based on their parents' genes. Understanding these patterns helps explain everything from blood types to genetic diseases.
Cool Connection: Your blood type is determined by genetics, which is why knowing family medical history matters for your cardiovascular health!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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4.8/5
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
Understanding the Cardiovascular System: Heart Parts and Blood Cells
A
Angel
@angel_87ncr
Ever wonder how your heart keeps beating 100,000 times a day or why you can inherit your mom's eyes but your dad's height? Your cardiovascular system is like a 24/7 delivery service keeping you alive, while genetics determines everything from... Show more
Your Heart: The Ultimate Muscle
Your cardiovascular system is basically your body's transportation network - your heart, blood vessels, and blood work together to deliver oxygen and nutrients while hauling away waste like CO₂. Think of it as the world's most efficient delivery service that never takes a break!
Your heart has four chambers that work like a two-story house. The atria (upper chambers) collect blood coming into the heart, while the ventricles (lower chambers) pump blood out to your body. The right side handles oxygen-poor blood, and the left side deals with oxygen-rich blood.
Heart valves act like one-way doors, preventing blood from flowing backward - that familiar "lub-dub" sound is actually your valves snapping shut. Your heart muscle contracts and relaxes in a rhythm called your heartbeat, and it's protected by a tough tissue layer called the pericardium.
Quick Fact: Your heart beats about 100,000 times per day - that's roughly 35 million beats per year!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Blood: Your Body's River of Life
Blood is literally called the "river of life" because it's that important! It's made up of plasma (the liquid part) and blood cells, and it has three main jobs: transport, protection, and temperature regulation.
Red blood cells (erythrocytes) are your oxygen delivery trucks - they're the most numerous and carry oxygen throughout your body. White blood cells (leukocytes) are your immune system's army, protecting you from infections. Platelets (thrombocytes) are like your body's repair crew, helping blood clot when you get cut.
Plasma makes up about 55% of your blood and is 92% water mixed with proteins, nutrients, and other dissolved substances. When you get injured, platelets and a protein called fibrinogen work together to form fibrin, creating those sticky strands that help stop bleeding.
Remember: If your white blood cell count increases, it usually means your body is fighting an infection!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Common Heart Problems You Should Know
Cardiovascular diseases are conditions affecting your heart or blood vessels, and they're more common than you might think. Understanding them now can help you make better health choices later!
Hypertension (high blood pressure) happens when blood pushes too hard against blood vessel walls. It can be caused by genetics, smoking, obesity, or stress. Atherosclerosis occurs when cholesterol builds up inside artery walls - imagine trying to drink a thick milkshake through a narrow straw!
Stroke results from blocked or hardened arteries in the brain, while coronary heart disease happens when blood can't reach the heart's own arteries. Hemophilia is when your blood can't clot properly due to missing clotting proteins, and anemia means you don't have enough healthy red blood cells.
Most of these conditions can be detected through physical exams, blood tests, or scans like CT scans and electrocardiograms. The good news? Many are preventable through healthy lifestyle choices!
Prevention Tip: Avoiding too much fat in your diet and not smoking can prevent many cardiovascular problems!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Genetics: Why You Look Like Your Parents
Genetics is the study of how traits pass from parents to offspring - it explains why you might have your dad's nose or your mom's eye color. Genes are like instruction manuals stored in your DNA that determine your characteristics.
Your genotype is your actual genetic makeup (the instructions), while your phenotype is what you can actually see or measure (like height or hair color). Gregor Mendel figured out the basic patterns of inheritance by studying pea plants - thanks to him, we understand dominant and recessive traits.
Sometimes genetics doesn't follow Mendel's simple rules. Incomplete dominance happens when neither trait completely dominates the other, creating a blend. For example, if a red flower crosses with a white flower, you might get pink flowers instead of just red or white.
Punnett squares help predict what offspring will look like based on their parents' genes. Understanding these patterns helps explain everything from blood types to genetic diseases.
Cool Connection: Your blood type is determined by genetics, which is why knowing family medical history matters for your cardiovascular health!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Students love us — and so will you.
4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user