Westward Expansion and Migration

The period of 1845-1846 saw significant territorial expansion and dramatic migration stories that shaped the wild west time period. The Donner Party tragedy and Mormon migration exemplify the challenges faced during westward expansion.

Example: The Donner Party's ill-fated journey resulted in only 40 survivors out of 80 who took an untested trail.

Highlight: Texas and Oregon territories were gained through negotiations with Mexico and Britain respectively.

Plains Indian Social Structure

The tribal society of the Plains Indians featured a sophisticated organizational system based on bands and warrior societies. Each band was governed by chiefs and councils of advisors who made collective decisions for their people.

Definition: A band was a basic unit of Plains Indian social organization, consisting of extended family groups led by chiefs and elders.

Highlight: Warriors from each band formed specialized societies that protected their people and supervised important tribal activities.

The gender roles were clearly defined: men hunted and fought as braves, while women managed domestic affairs, including clothing production and tipi maintenance. Multiple bands within the same tribe supported each other and gathered annually for important social functions.

Example: Annual tribal meetings were held to arrange marriages, trade horses, and discuss communal issues.